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1、Shipping、Trading and Chartering and Terms Definitions 国际贸易、航运和租船条款解说RTerms Definitions术语 注释Ramp An artificial inclined path, road or track along which wheeled vehicles, cargo and trailers may pass for the purpose of changing their elevation and facilitating the loading and unloading operation (e.g.
2、an entrance way into a roll-on roll-off vessel) 通道，通路，联接通路，联接桥。一种人造轨道、路径、途径，通过它车辆、货物和拖车可以上下和方便装/卸操作（例如：上下滚装船的通道-栈桥Rate basis point The major shipping point in a local area; carriers consider all points in the local area to be the rate basis point 运价基点，基本运费点。一个地区的主要运输点；承运人将所有这些点作为基本运费点REACT Requireme
3、nts evaluated against cargo transportation 对货物运输的鉴定要求Reasonableness Under ICC and common law, the requirementthat a rate not be higher than is necessary toreimburse the carrier for the actual cost oftransporting the traffic and allow a fair profit.（运费的）合法、合理运费率。在国际商法和普通法下，要求运费率不能高于补偿承运人实际运输成本和一个合理的利
4、润额合的数额Rebate An illegal form of discounting or refunding thathas the net effect of lowering the tariff price.折扣，回扣， 回佣。事实上降低运费价格的折扣或回佣是违法的Received-for-Shipment Bill of Lading A term used in contrast to shipped bill of lading or on-board bill of lading. This kind of bill of lading is normally issued
5、to acknowledge receipt of shipment before cargo loading or before official original bill of lading is issued. Nowadays, not many shippers ask for this kind of bill of lading 已收货提单，备运(收妥待运)提单。相对于已装运或已装船提单的提单。这种提单，正常情况下在货物装船前或正式提单签发前签发，表明货物已收到。现在没有多少发货物人要求这类提单Reconsignment (交货前)更改提单，更改委托 -Changing the
6、 consignee or destination on a bill of lading while shipment is still in transit. Diversionhas substantially the same meaning.当货物仍在运输途中时更改提单上的收货人或目的地（港）。Diversion有同样的意思 -A carrier service that permits a shipper to change the destination and/or consignee after the shipment has reached its originally
7、billed destination and to still pay the through rate from origin to final destination 当货物已经到达原来指定的目的地，承运人(仍然)同意发货物人更改目的地和/或收货人的服务，并按原来的起运地到、目的地联运费付费Recourse A right claim against the guarantors of a loan ordraft or bill of exchange追偿权，索赔权。对贷款担保人或开（信用）证人或汇票（开票）人追偿/索赔的权力 Reefer In the industry, it is
8、the generic name for a temperature-controlled container. Thecontainers,which are insulated, are specially designed to allow temperature controlled air circulation within the container. A refrigeration plant is built into the rear of the container.冷藏船，冷藏车，冰箱。在（运输）业内，它是温控集装箱的代名词。温控集装箱有隔热层，有允许温控气体在集装箱内
9、循环的特殊设计。在集装箱的后部装有冷冻机Reefer(refrigerated) container A thermal container with refrigerating appliances (mechanical compressor unit, absorption unit etc.) to control the temperature of cargo 冷藏集装箱。带有冷冻设备（空气压缩机，抽气机等）（可）控货物温度的集装箱Related Points A group of points to which rates are made the same as or in r
10、elation to rates to other points in group 同一运价群点、关联运价群点。制定的运价与组内其他点相同或与之有联系的同一运价群点、关联运价群点Relative Humidity % The ratio of the actual amount of water vapor in the air to the maximum it can hold at a given temperature, multiplied by 100 相对湿度。空气中实际水分含量与在特定温度下空气最大含水量的百分比率Relay To transfer cargoes/contai
11、ner from one ship to another of the same ownership 转船，换船，接驳。将货物/集装箱从船上转装到另一艘同一船公司的船上（继续运送/输）Release Approval Document to advise that goods are available for further movement or action 放行单。货物可以进行进一步移动或交易的通知单/放行单Release note A receipt signed by a customer acknowledging thedelivery of cargoes. 放货通知,由客户
12、（货物所有人）签发的承认(承运人已)交付货物的收据Release value not exceeding Usually used to limit the value of goodstransported. The limitation refers to carrier liability when paying a claim for lost or damage goods 货物金额（价值）不超过，赔偿金额不超过通常用于限定运输货物的价值。限额涉及到承运人赔付货物灭失或残损索赔时的责任大小Remittance Funds sent by one person to another a
13、s payment 汇付，汇款(支付)，一个人支付给另一个人的（资金）款项Restricted Articles Articles handled only under certain conditions 受限物品，受限货物。只能在规定条件下操作的物品（货物）Return cargo A cargo which enables a ship to return loaded to the port or area where her previous cargo was loaded 回程货，回载货物。让船舶能回程装运到他原来装运货物的港口或地区的货物Revenue ton A ton on which the shipment is freighted. If cargo is rated as weight or measure(W/M), whichever produces the highest revenue will be considered the revenue ton. Weights are based on metric tons
