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1、DRAFT Rainbow River SWIM PLANA Comprehensive Conservation and Management PlanDate: 05/06/2015Version 10.0Table of Contents Executive Summary 8Introduction8The Springs Coast9Springs Coast Steering & Management Committees10Springs Coast Technical Working Group13The SWIM Act & SWIM Priority Water Bodie
2、s13What Makes a Healthy Spring?16Rainbow River System Description18Geology19Topography and Drainage20Floridan Aquifer21Climate21Watershed22Springshed22Recharge25Aquifer Vulnerability25Historical Context27Issues and Drivers32Water Quality32Water Quantity42Natural Systems44Management Actions46Quantifi
3、able Objectives47Water Quality48Water Quantity51Natural Systems53Projects and Schedules56Water Quality Projects56Water Quantity Projects67Natural Systems Projects74References77Appendix A: Permitted Point Sources within Rainbow River Springshed87Appendix B: Jurisdictional Authority within the Rainbow
4、 River Springshed89FEDERAL89STATE AGENCIES92SUB-STATE AGENCIES97LOCAL GOVERNMENTS98Appendix C: List of Acronyms102Appendix D: Technical Working Group Membership List103Appendix E: Partners and Programs106Appendix F: Results of Project Identification Exercises at the Technical Working Group Meetings1
5、22Rainbow River Technical Working Group Meeting 1 Announcement123Rainbow River Technical Working Group Meeting 1 Water Quality and Water Quantity Project Suggestions,124January 28, 2015124Rainbow River Technical Working Group Meeting 2 Announcement136Rainbow River Technical Working Group Meeting 2 N
6、atural Systems Project Suggestions, February 27, 2015137List of FiguresList of TablesExecutive Summary The Executive Summary will be completed in a later draft.Introduction The Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) is responsible for managing and protecting water resources in west-cen
7、tral Florida. Among our most precious water resources are the more than 150 documented springs and the rivers, bays, and estuaries that are fed by them. Over the past half century many of these spring-fed systems have experienced significant ecological changes caused by both natural variability and
8、human activities. The District is focused on understanding natural variability while mitigating impacts caused by human activities where practical. Through strategic investments and partnerships, the SWFWMD is implementing projects to conserve and restore the ecological balance of our spring systems
9、, thereby supporting regional economies and quality of life. The SWFWMDs SWIM plan is created to identify actions needed to improve the Rainbow River. Goals and objectives were developed and are used to guide programs and projects for maintaining or improving water quantity, water quality, natural s
10、ystems, and other functions consistent with the SWIM Act. Essential to carrying out the Districts SWIM Program is the cooperation of local governments and agencies in developing and implementing an effective plan. This plan lays out the issues and drivers, management actions, and projects for the fi
11、ve-year period 20162020.The Springs CoastWhile recognizing the need to manage all springs, the District places a priority on the five first-magnitude spring groups: Rainbow, Crystal River/Kings Bay, Homosassa, Chassahowitzka, and Weeki Wachee. These spring groups, located in or discharging to an are
12、a known as the Springs Coast, collectively discharge more than one billion gallons per day. The source of spring discharge is from groundwater in the aquifer, which is replenished by seasonal rainfall that soaks into the ground. Another source of water to the river is surface water flow within the a
13、rea known as the watershed. The area of land that contributes rainfall to a spring is referred to as a springshed. This area extends much farther than just the land immediately surrounding a spring. For example, the Rainbow Springs springshed covers approximately 735 square miles and includes parts
14、of three counties. Unlike watershed boundaries, springshed boundaries are not easily defined and often move in response to rainfall patterns and aquifer levels.The planning boundary for Rainbow Springs and River encompasses both the surface watershed as defined by the USGS and the much larger spring
15、shed as defined by the SWFWMD. Both areas must be considered when evaluating an effective plan for impacts to the system since both areas have direct impacts to the spring system. Springs Coast Steering & Management CommitteesEach spring system in the Springs Coast region is a unique, complex system with different sets of challenges, so each one will require different management techniques. In August 2014, the District along with local, regional and state agencies formed the Springs Coast Steering Committee (SCSC). The members of this committee are listed in Tab
