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1、中考英语专项复习导学案-现在完成时，过去完成时1班级 姓名 主备人 林晓亭 审核人 1.Teaching aims：Grasp the important points2.Important points: 现在完成时与过去完成时的用法 3. Teaching steps:Task1:现在完成时 1）概念：表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。(常与yet，already，just连用)，或者过去某一时刻发生的，持续到现在的情况(常与for，since连用)。2）构成 S + / + 规则动词的变化 1一般直接在词尾加-edwork-worked, open-opened2以
2、e 结尾的词直接加-dlive-lived, skate-skated3以辅音字母y结尾的词，改y为i，再加-edstudy-studied, hurry-hurried4以元音字母y结尾的词，直接加-edplay-played, stay-stayed5以重读闭音节或r 音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-edstop-stopped, plan-planned, prefer-preferred 不规则动词的变化，需牢记课本上的不规则动词表。3）标志词 just（刚刚）, already（已经）, before, yet（一般疑问：已经；否定句：还） never,
3、 ever, ever since, so far, for, since, in the last ten years等4）句式变换肯定句主语 + have / has + 过去分词 + 其它否定句主语 + have / has+ not + 过去分词 + 其它疑问句及答语Have / Has + 主语 +过去分词+ 其它? Yes, 主语+have / has. No, 主语+have / has not.5）注意表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结just, already, before, yetI have just cleaned my clothes. 我刚洗过衣
4、服。表示过去已经开始，一直持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间的状语连用。通常和 for, since引导的时间状语连用.A. for + 一段时间； eg: for three minutes , for thirty years B. since + 某一时间点 eg: since September , since nine oclock this morningC. since + 从句（用一般过去时） eg: They have known each other since they were boys .have been in, have been
5、 to 与have gone to 的用法have (has) been in 表示“在某地（多长时间）”，现在仍在那里。Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days. 布朗来上海已经有三天了。have( has) been to表示“曾经去过某地”，现在已经不在那里了。Mary has never been to the Great Wall. 玛丽从未去过长城。have (has) gone to 意为“到某地去了”，表示说话时该人不在现场， -Where is Tom? -He has gone to the bookshop. 他到书店去了
6、。练习：用have(has) been 或have(has) gone 填空A: Where _1_ Li Fei _1_?B: He _2_ to Hainan Island.A: How long _3_ he _3_ there?B: He _4_ there for three days.A: When will he come back , do you know?B: Im afraid he wont come back recently.A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island?B: Sorry, I _5_ never _5_
7、 there.A: How many times _6_ Li Fei _6_ to that place?B: He _7_ there only once. 延续性动词与瞬间动词的转换1)瞬间动词可用于现在完成时。Eg: The people have arrived . Have you borrowed the book from the library ?2)瞬间动词表示的动作极其短暂，所以其现在完成时的肯定式不能和表示一段的时间状语（如：for + 时间段 或since +时间点以及由how long 引导的特殊疑问句）同时使用。.Eg: He has died for five
8、years 可以采用以下三种方法：用能够表示持续状态的同义延续性动词替代句中的瞬间动词。例如上面错句可改为：He has been dead for five years .如：close - be closed open - be open die - be dead finish , end - be over get up - be up leave - be away（from） begin/start - be on buy - havego out - be out marry-be married become/turn/get - be borrow - keep join t
9、he army - be in the army (be a soldier )用ago 代替for. He has been dead for five years .= He died five years ago .用 “It is + 一段时间 + since +含有一般过去时的从句”他入党五年了。It is five years since he joined the Party.电影开始五分钟了。 The film began five minutes ago.= = = 他们结婚五年了。 = 我爸爸去过北京两次了。 他2008年就开始学日语了。 你曾经去过上海吗？ ？到目前为止，
10、你学了多少个新单词了？ ？你们打扫完教室卫生了吗？ ？中考英语专项复习导学案-现在完成时，过去完成时2班级 姓名 主备人 林晓亭 审核人 Task2:过去完成时 1）概念：表示过去某时间前已经发生的动作或情况，表示一个动作在另一个过去动作之前已经完成。即“过去的过去”2）构成： S + + 3）标志词：by the end of / the time +过去时间，before+过去时间，由when/before 引导的时间状语从句中 4）句式变换： 肯定句主语 + had+ 过去分词 + 其它否定句主语 + had+ not + 过去分词 + 其它疑问句及答语Had + 主语 +过去分词+ 其
11、它? Yes, 主语+had. No, 主语+had + not.5) 注意过去完成时常用于以下固定句型：by (the end of )/ (the time)/before +过去时间，主句中谓语动词用过去完成时。例如：The experiment had finished by 4 oclock yesterday afternoon.By the end of last year,I had collected 300 stamps.The film had been on for five minutes when we got there.She told me that they
12、 had gone to school already.用动词的正确形式填空。1. How long _ you _ (study)in this school ?2. A:Where is your mother ? B:She _ _ (go)to Beijing.3. My uncle _ _ (teach)here since he came here4. .Li Lei _ already _ (give)the nuts to Polly . 5_ you ever_ (be) to London ?6. The factory opened ten years ago.（同义句） The factory _ _ _ for ten years. 7.They have cleaned the room twice this week. (就划线部分提问) _ _ _ _ _ they _ the classroom this week? 8. My father went to England in 2003 and 2005. （同义句） My father _ _ _ England _. 9. John left Beijing three years ago. （同义句） John_ _ _ Beijing_ three years.
