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1、2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）及答案Section I Use of English Directions:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful? Because humans
2、 have an inherent need to_1_ uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people will _2_ _ to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will _3_.In a series of four experiments, behavioral scientis
3、ts at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students willingness to _4_ themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one _5_, each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous
4、 experiment. The twist? Half of the pens would _6_ an electric shock when clicked.Twenty-seven students were told which pens were rigged; another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified. _7_ left alone in the room, the students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more
5、 pens and incurred more jolts than the students who knew what would _8_. Subsequent experiments replicated this effect with other stimuli, _9_ the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects.The drive to _10_ is deeply ingrained in humans, much the same as the basic dr
6、ives _11_ or shelter, says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago, a co-author of the paper. Curiosity is often considered a good instinctit can _12 _ new scientific advances, for instancebut sometimes such _ 13_ can backfire. The insight that curiosity can drive you to do _14_ things is a pr
7、ofound one.Unhealthy curiosity is possible to _15_, however. In a final experiment, participants who were encouraged to _16_ how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to _17_ to see such an image. These results suggest that imagining the _18_ _ of following through on
8、ones curiosity ahead of time can help determine_ 19_ it is worth the endeavor. “Thinking about long-term _20_ is key to mitigating the possible negative effects of curiosity,” Hsee says. In other words, dont read online comments.1. A. ignoreB. protectC. discussD. resolve2. A. refuseB. seekC. waitD.
9、regret3. A. riseB. lastC. hurtD. mislead4. A. alertB. exposeC. tieD. treat5. A. trialB. messageC. reviewD. concept6. A. removeB. deliverC. weakenD. interrupt7. A. Unless B. IfC. WhenD. Though8. A. changeB. continueC. disappearD. happen9. A. such asB. rather thanC.regardless ofD. owing to10. A. disag
10、reeB. forgiveC. discoverD. forget11.A. payB. foodC. marriageD. schooling12.A. begin withB. rest onC. lead toD. learn from13.A. inquiryB. withdrawalC. persistenceD. diligence14.A. self-deceptiveB. self-reliantC. self-evidentD. self-destructive15.A. traceB. defineC. replaceD. resist16.A. concealB. ove
11、rlookC. designD. predict17.A. chooseB. rememberC. promiseD. pretend18.A. reliefB. outcomeC. planD. duty19.A. howB. whyC. whereD. whether20.A.limitationsB. investmentsC. consequencesD. strategiesSection Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after e
12、ach text by choosing A,B,C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1It is curious that Stephen Koziatek feels almost as though he has to justify his efforts to give his students a better future.Mr. Koziatek is part of something pioneering. He is a teacher at a New Hampshire high s
13、chool where learning is not something of books and tests and rote memorization, but practical, reports staff writer Stacy Teicher Khadaroo in this weeks cover story. When did it become accepted wisdom that students should be able to name the 13th president of the United States but be utterly bambooz
14、led by a busted bike chain?As Koziatek knows, there is learning in just about everything. Nothing is necessarily gained by forcing students to learn geometry at a graffitied desk stuck with generations of discarded chewing gum. They can also learn geometry by assembling a bicycle.But hes also found
15、a kind of insidious prejudice. Working with your hands is seen as almost a mark of inferiority. Schools in the family of vocational education “have that stereotype . that its for kids who cant make it academically,” he says.On one hand, that viewpoint is a logical product of Americas evolution. Manufacturing is not the economic engine that it once was. The job security that the US economy once offered to high school graduates has largely evaporated. More education is the
