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1、年 级高一学 科英语版 本人教实验版内容标题必修 3 Unit3 The Million Pound Bank Note宾语从句与表语从句编稿老师林静【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：名词性从句宾语从句与表语从句二. 知识精讲在复合句中起名词性作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，根据它在句中不同的语法功能，因此名词从句又分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。（一）宾语从句1. 概念及引导词在复合句中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的连接词有连接代词（who, whom, whose , what , w
2、hich, whoever , whatever, whichever ） 、连接副词(when , where , how, why )及从属连词(that , whether, if ).例：John said （that） he was leaving for London on Wednesday.约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去。I am glad that you are satisfied with your job.你对工作满意我感到很高兴。She will name him whatever she wants to. 她高兴给他起什么名字就起什么名字。That depends on
3、 where we shall go. 那取决于我们去哪儿。2. 宾语从句的种类常见的宾语从句有动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句三种。（1）动词的宾语从句They know that the habit may kill them.定语从句 他们知道这个习惯会害死他们。They doubt whether or not Jack is a good student. 他们怀疑Jack是否是一个好学生。They wanted to see which shops offered the best advice and service定语从句. 他们想了解哪家店提出的建议和提供的服
4、务最好。（2）介词的宾语从句一般情况下介词后只能接wh- 类连接词引导的宾语从句，但but, except, besides等后可接that引导的宾语从句。We are talking about what well do next.我们正在讨论下一步做什么。I know nothing about him except that he lives here.对于他，我只知道他住在这儿， 其他一无所知。He differs from his classmates in that he devoted his spare time to reading.他和他的同学们不同的地方在于他把业余时间用
5、在读书上了。（3）形容词的宾语从句sure, certain , pleased , happy , afraid , surprised, sorry 等表示情感的形容词后可接宾语从句。Im not sure whether they will agree to such a plan.我不确定他们是否同意这样一个计划。I m afraid that you have been given the wrong address.恐怕给你的地址不对。3. 宾语从句应注意的问题。（1）宾语从句中whether和if可互换，但作介词宾语或句中有or not时，用whether.I am not su
6、re whether /if he will come.=I am not sure whether he will come or not .我拿不准他是否会来这儿。It depends on whether you can do the work well.这取决于你能否把工作做好。（2）it 作形式宾语在宾语从句中，it通常作形式宾语， 而把真正的宾语放到句末。这种用法通常有两种情况：find, consider, think, feel , believe , make 等动词后有宾语补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语后置。I have made it clear that
7、I will not accept the job.我已表明我不会接受这份工作。He feels it his duty that he should serve the people heart and soul.他觉得全心全意为人民服务是他的职责。有些动词或短语如enjoy, love , like , hate, appreciate , take , see to , insist on , depend / rely on 等接宾语从句时， 习惯上在从句前加形式宾语it。You may depend on it(形式宾语) that I shall always help you.你
8、可以信赖的是我会一直帮助你。I would appreciate it if you could give me a hand.如果你能帮我一把，我会很感激（你的）。I hate it when people ask me for money.我不喜欢别人向我借钱。（3）否定前置在由I / We think (consider, suppose(猜想) , believe , expect , guess, imagine)等引导的从句里，如果含有否定含义， 往往把否定词由从句转移到主句， 构成否定前置。I dont(否定前置)think he can finish the work on t
9、ime.我认为他无法按时完成工作。I dont suppose he cares, does he?我想他不在意，是吗？（4）宾语从句的语序宾语从句中的语序要用陈述语序。They couldnt understand why I turned down his invitation.他们不理解我为什么拒绝了他的邀请。He asked what was the matter with my computer.他问我电脑出什么故障了。（5）宾语从句的时态如果主句中的谓语动词是现在时态，从句中的谓语动词不受主句谓语动词时态的影响，可以根据需要使用任何时态。如果主句的时态是过去时态，从句一般应与主句的
10、时态保持一致，但从句表示的是真理或客观事实时，从句的时态要用一般现在时态。He says he is going to swim with his friend tomorrow.他说他打算明天和朋友去游泳。The teacher asked the students what they were doing.老师问学生们在干什么。Our teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.老师告诉我们光比声音传播得快。（6）宾语从句中that的省略在that引导的宾语从句中， that无任何意义， 不充当任何成分， 常省略。Make su
11、re that all the lights are turned off before you leave.你走前务必关掉所有的灯。但在下列情况中that一般不省略：动词后有两个或两个以上由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省略， 其余的that一般都不能省略。I believe that you have done your best and that things will improve.我相信你已经尽力了，一切都会好起来的。主句的谓语和that之间有插入语时，that不能省略。He announced, believe it or not, that he would nev
12、er forgive her.他宣布，信不信由你，他绝不会原谅她。作介词的宾语时，that不可省略。Your composition is well written except that there are a few spelling mistakes.你的作文写得不错，只是有几处拼写错误。it作形式宾语，宾语补足语之后有that引导的宾语从句时， that不可省略。We think it highly probable that he is dead.我们认为他很有可能死了。（7）在动词insist， suggest， demand， order， propose 等后的宾语从句要用虚拟
13、语气，其结构为（should）+ 动词原形。He suggested the meeting be put off.他建议会议延期。I demand that one of you should go there at once.我要求你们中有一人立即到那里去。即学即用：1. We are wonderingour teacher will come to the party or not.AifBthatCwhyDwhether2. Do you remember _he came? Yes, I do. He came by car. A. how B. when C. that D. i
14、f 3. He said _he had eaten nothing for a long time and _he was very hungry. A. that ; / B. / ; that C. / ; / D. what ; what 4. We can not figure out quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out.A. that B. as C. why D. when5. After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, our astron
15、auts desire to do is walking in space.A. where B. what C. that D. how6. The way he did it was different we were used to.A. in which B. in what C. from what D. from which7. The poor young man is ready to accept _help he can get. A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whenever 8. As soon as he comes back , I will tell him when _and see him. A.
