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1、 密 级： 学校代码：10075 分类号： 学 号：20100277 法律硕士（法学）学位论文 农村环境保护中的公众参与制度研究 学 位 申 请 人 ： 梁晓 指 导 教 师 ： 孟庆瑜 教授 李凤岐 教授 学 科 专 业 ： 法律硕士（法学） 学 位 类 别 ： 法律硕士专业学位 授 予 单 位 ： 河北大学 答 辩 日 期： 二一二年六月 Classified Index: CODE: 10075 U.D.C.: NO: 20100277 A Dissertation for the Degree of M. Law Research of public participation sys
2、tem in rural environmental protection Candidate: Liang Xiao Supervisor: Prof. Meng Qingyu Prof. Li Fengqi Specialty : Juris Master(law) Academic Degree Applied for : Juris Master University : Hebei University Date of oral examination : June, 2012 摘 要 I 摘 要 农村环境问题的严峻性已经引起人们的广泛关注， 农村环境保护应当放在更加重要 的战略位置
3、上。由于环境本身具有潜伏性、隐蔽性特点以及农村环境的特殊性、复杂性 的特点，仅仅依靠政府的力量指导农村环境的管理工作是不够的。环境保护还需要公众 的大力支持和参与。农民是环境的直接受益者但同时也是环境的直接破坏者。把公众参 与引入到农村环境保护中是深入贯彻环境权理念实现环境民主的理论要求、 是农村环境 公共政策科学化和合理化的需要、 更是提升农民环境保护意识促进农村基层政治发展的 现实要求。 公众参与在农村环境保护中存在很多弊端，从而暴露出我国现行环境立法以及环境 管理中的不足。本文结合农村的实际情况挖掘农村环境保护中的公众参与的弊端，详尽 论述了不足之所在。 主要表现在公众参与水平不高、公众
4、参与程度低、以及公众参与 在实践中可操作性不强等。因此根据我国农村的实际情况结合各国公众参与的成功经 验，应当在制度上做出合理的改进。从法律上明晰农村居民的权利义务,强化民主化观 念。在农村普及环保教育，加强公众参与能力，建立全过程参与体制。同时，激发社会 各界保护环境的力量，特别是要发挥民间环保组织对公众参与的推动作用。健全环境公 益诉讼制度使农民摆脱维权难的困境。完善公众参与的实现途径，鼓励公众多层次参与 环保，建立听证会制度，逐步完善公众参与农村环境保护的基本制度建设。在立法中形 成完善的公众参与制度。在实践中落实公众参与制度，形成政府与公众的有效对接，从 而优化公众参与制度，发挥公众参
5、与农村环境保护的功能和效益。只有公众广泛积极参 与投身到农村环境保护中，才能最终实现人与自然和谐相处，才能够顺利实现生态文明 建设和社会主义新农村建设的宏伟目标。 关键词：公众参与 农村环境保护 环境公益诉讼 听证制度 信息公开制度 Abstract II Abstract The seriousness of rural environmental problems has attracted widespread attention .Rural environmental protection should be placed on the more important strategi
6、c position. Based on latent, hidden characteristics of environment as well as the particularity and complexity of the rural environment. Management is not enough to rely solely on the Governments efforts to guide the rural environment, the publics strong support and wide participation is also in nee
7、d. Peasants are direct beneficiaries of the environment but also the environment directly destroyer. The introduction of public participation in rural environmental protection is the need to thoroughly implement the concept of environmental rights, the theoretical requirements to achieve environment
8、al democracy, the needs of the rural environmental public policy scientification and rationalization, and more to enhance peasants awareness of environmental protection and promote the practical requirements of the rural grass-roots political development. There are many drawbacks of public participa
9、tion in rural environmental protection, which leakage current environmental legislation and environmental management in China. In this paper, we dig the drawbacks of public participation in rural environmental protection and discuss the inadequacies in detail according to the actual situation in rur
10、al areas. Mainly we can get it from low level ,low degree and low operability of public participation etc. Therefore, according to the actual situation of Chinas rural areas combined with the valuable experience in other countries with successful public participation, we should make a reasonable imp
11、rovement in the system. Clear the rights and obligations of the rural residents ,strengthen the concept of democratization, popularize universally the environmental education in rural areas, strengthen the ability of public participation, establish the whole process involved in the system, The same
12、time, broaden the public participation subject, especially foster non-governmental environmental organizations, who are encouraged to play a role in promoting public participation .Improve environmental public interest litigation system to save farmers from the predicament of realizing rights, creat
13、e a wide range of participatory Abstract III approaches to improve the awareness, enthusiasm and participation of public participation, establish the hearing system, and gradually improve the basic system construction of public participation in rural environmental protection .Form an effective docki
14、ng between government and the public, thus to optimize the system of public participation, function the public participation in rural environment protection and benefit from it. Only under publics broad and active participation in rural environment protection can we achieve the great goal of man and
15、 nature living in harmony, the construction of ecological civilization and a new socialist countryside construction smoothly. Keywords public participation rural environmental protection Interest Litigation Hearing system Information disclosure system 目 录 IV 目 录 引 言1 第 1 章 农村环境保护中的公众参与分析3 1.1 农村环境保护中公众参与的一般界定3 1.1.1 农村环境保护中公众参与的内涵3 1.1.2 农村环境保护中公众参与的内容
