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1、主谓一致的概念：主语和其谓语动词在人称、意义 和数上保持一致。 主谓一致分为三种情况： 语法一致 内容一致 就近一致 主谓“三”一致 (1) 如果主语后面跟有with、together with, along with, but, except, like, in addition to, including, besides, as well as, as much as, rather than, more than 等短语再加一个 名词时，谓语动词仍与主语（第一个词） 保持一致。如： A library together with 5000 books _ given to our sc
2、hool as a gift. 语法一致 Mr. Johnson as well as his wife and children _visiting the Great Wall now. was is (2) 用and连接的并列主语，如果主语是 同一个人、同一事物或同意概念时， 谓语动词用单数，否则用复数。如： A teacher and writer _ going to give us a speech. 语法一致 Bread and butter _usually my breakfast. is The professor and scientist _ already come.
3、 is A teacher and a writer _ in the office. has are (3) 不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或 主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如： To learn English well _effort. 语法一致 takes When well go for an outing _ not been decided yet. Serving the people _my great happiness.is How he can speak so good English _us all. has interests (4) 用 and 连接的并列主
4、语被each，every，no 或 many a 修饰时，谓语动词用单数。如： Each boy and each girl _been given a gift. has 语法一致 No teacher and no student _in the classroom. has Every pen and every book _ been laid ( lay ) on the desk already. is Many a boy _interested in her lesson.is (5) each of + 复数代词，谓语动用单数。 复数代词 + each，谓语动词用复数。如：
5、Each of us _something to say. 语法一致 Each of them _been given a piece of bread. has We each _a dictionary. has They each _done their work. have have 语法一致 (6) none作主语，修饰可数名词复数时， 谓语动词可用单数也可用复数，但修饰 不可数名词时，谓语动词只能用单数。 如： None of us _perfect. None of these books _mine. are(is) None of his money _been found
6、again. are(is) None of this _me. has worries 语法一致 (7) 名词如trousers, scissors, glasses, goods , clothes 等作主语时，谓语动词必须用复数， 但当它们前面有a pair of 或one pair of 修饰 时，谓语动词只能用单数。如： My trousers are black. His glasses are expensive. A pair of trousers lies on my bed. A pair of glasses was given to me as a gift. 语法一
7、致 (8) 形复意单名词如：news; 以-ics结尾的学科 名词如：physics, mathematics, economics; 国名如：the United States; 报纸名如： the New York Times; 书名如：Arabian Nights天方夜谭；以及the United Nations 等作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。如： Arabian Nights _full of interesting stories. The New York Times _a popular reading material for students. is Physics _my
8、favourite subjects. is is 语法一致 (9)“a/an + 名词 + and a half”, 等作主语时， 谓语动词要用单数。 “one and a half + 名词”等作主语时，谓语动词要用 复数。 “the number of + 名词” 等作主语时，谓语动词要 用单数。 “a number of + 复数名词” 等作主语时，谓语动词 要用单数。如： An apple and a half _on the table. One and a half days _passed. is The number of the students in our class
9、_63. have A number of students_English. is like 语法一致 (10) 百分数（或分数）+ of + 可数名词单数 （或不可数名词）谓语动词用单数； 百分数（或分数）+ of + 可数名词复数， 谓语动词用复数。 如： Twenty percent of land_been turned into a playground. Two thirds of the apple_eaten. has Sixty percent of the workers in the Factory_women. is are 语法一致 （11） A (large) q
10、uantity of + N. (pl.or uc） + V (复数） + O. 动 词的数由名词决定； A (large) ammount of + N. (不可数名词）+ V (单三）+ O.谓语动 词用单数，但是， Large quantities of + N. (pl.or uc）+ V (复数）+ O. Large ammounts of + N. (不可数名词）+ V (复数）+ O.谓语动词 用复数。 A large quantity of sugar_been put in the boiled water. Large quantities of money_been wa
11、sted on the project. has A larege ammount of time_been spent on English. have Large ammounts of time_been saved by the new invention. has have 语法一致 (12) “This kind of + 复数名词” 作主语时， 谓语动词用单数； “复数名词 + of this kind” 作主语时， 谓语动词用复数。如： This kind of apples_imported from America. Apples of this kind_imported
12、 from America. was were 语法一致 (13) “A/An + 单数名词 + or two” 作主语时， 谓语动词用单数； “One or two + 复数名词” 作主语时， 谓语动词用复数。如： A day or two _enough for this work. One or two days_enough for this work. is are 语法一致 （14）“A set of + 复数名词” 及 “A series of + 复数名词” 作主语时， 谓语动词用单数。如： A series of debates_scheduled for the weeke
13、nd. The sales man told me that a good set of tires_guaranteed to run at least fifty thousand miles. was was 语法一致 (14) 在 “one of + 复数名词 + 定语从句” 结构中 ，定语从句中谓语动词用复数； 但如果在 “the only one of + 复数名词 + 定语 从句” 结构中， 从句的谓语动词只能用单数。 如： Mary is one of the students that_ been invited to sing at the concert. Mary is
14、 the only one of the students that _been invited to sing at the concert. have has (1)all, most, some ，half, plenty, enough, the rest +of +名词作主语时，谓语动词的单 复数取决于它们所指代的名词的数。如： 意义一致 意义一致 （2）“the + 形容词（或分词）” 指一类人， 如：the rich (富人), the living (活着的人), the wounded (伤者）作主语时， 谓语动词用复数。 如： The sick_been cured and
15、 the lost_been found. The rich_eager to help the poor. have have The wounded_been taken good care of . are The living_to cheer up and continue to live. have have 意义一致 (3) 用and 连接的成对名词习惯上被看做一个 整体时，如：bread and butter(面包加黄油), knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时，谓语动词 用单数。如： 意义一致 （4）不定数量的词组，如：a part of, a lot of, lo
16、ts of, one of, a number of, plenty of 等作主语时，谓 语动词的单复数取决于 它们所修饰的名词。如： A part of the textbooks_arrived. A part of the apple_been eaten up by the pig. have A lot of people_heared the news. has A lof of money_been spent on this project. have has 意义一致 (5) 表示时间、金钱、距离、度量等的名词作 主语，尽管是复数形式，它们作为一个单 一的概念时，其谓语动词用单数形式。如： One
