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1、金属单质及其化合物单元测试（Unit test of metallic elements and their compounds）Unit test of metallic elements and their compoundsGe Xiumei, Yanzhou second middle school, Shandong, ChinaClass number, name, gradeRelative atomic mass: Na-23, Mg-24, Al-27, Fe-56, Cu-64, H-1, O-16A choice: (2 points per day, a total o
2、f 50 points, every day there is only one right answer)1. sodium chloride, aluminium chloride, ferrous chloride, ferric chloride and magnesium chloride can be distinguished by one step experiment, and only one kind of reagent is used. The reagent is five kinds of reagentsA, KSCN, B, BaCl2, C, NaOH, D
3、, HCl2. from the history of the utilization of metal, the bronze age and the iron age were the first. The utilization of aluminum was almost a hundred years. This order is in relation to the following:(1) the content of metal elements in the earth crust; the activity of metals; the conductivity of m
4、etals; the degree of difficulty in metal smelting; and the ductility of metals;A., B., C., D., II3. what is wrong with the following statements about Na and Na+?A. have the same proton number B., and their chemical properties are similarC. sodium ion is the product of oxidation of sodium atoms. When
5、 D. burns, the flame is yellow4., the iron powder into hydrochloric acid, MgCl2 solution, FeCl3 solution, CuCl2 solution composed of mixed liquid, after sufficient reaction, iron powder remaining, then the solution contains a lot of cation isA.Cu2+ and Fe2+, B.H+ and Cu2+, C.Fe3+ and Fe2+, D.Fe2+, a
6、nd Mg2+5., in order to prevent FeSO4 from being oxidized, a small amount of the solution is often added to the solution when preparing the FeSO4 solutionA. copper powder, B. iron powder, C. zinc powder, D.Fe2 (SO4) 36. the ion equation of the following reactions is written correctlyA. sodium and col
7、d water response: Na2H2O = Na+2OH + H2 =?B. metal is soluble in sodium hydroxide solution: Al2OH + H2 = AlO2?C. iron with dilute sulfuric acid reaction: 2Fe6H+ = 2Fe3+3H2?D.FeCl2 solution reacted with Cl2: 2Fe2+Cl2=2Fe3+2Cl-7. in acidic solutions, ions that coexist in large quantities areA.Mg2+, Fe3
8、+, NO3-, SCN-, B.Al3+, Fe2+, Cl-, SO42-C.K+, Na+, Cl-, HCO3-, D.Na+, Ba2+, NO3-, SO42-8., wrapped with aluminum foil 2.3g metal sodium, into the 50ml water, the release of H2 volume (standard condition) isA. equals 2.24L, B. equals 1.12L, C. is greater than 1.12L, and D. is less than 1.12L9. metal s
9、odium should be stored in kerosene, paraffin oil, carbon tetrachloride and airtight containerA., B., C., D.10. drops slowly into a NaOH solution in a colorless solution until excess, resulting in a relationship between the mass of the precipitate and the volume of the NaOH solution added, as shown o
10、n the right, whereby it is determined that the cations contained in the original solution are:a.mg2 、al3 、fe2 + + +b.h 、mg2 、al3 + + +how you spell it 、ba2 、al3 + + +d.只有mg2 、al3 + +11.铝在人体中积累可使人慢性中毒, 世界卫生组织将铝确定为食品污染源之一而加以控制.铝在下列使用场合中, 必须加以控制的是a.制造炊具 b.制防锈油漆 c.制铝合金窗 d.炼铝厂制造铝锭12.下列4种鉴别碳酸钠和碳酸氢钠的方法中, 可
11、靠性最差的是a.观察样品外观 b.在少量的样品中滴入几滴水c.在饱和溶液中滴入几滴酚酞 d.取少量的试样加热13.将na2o2投入fecl2溶液中, 可观察到的现象是a.生成白色沉淀、有气泡产生 b.生成红褐色沉淀、有气泡产生c.生成浅绿色沉淀、有气泡产生 d.生成黑色沉淀, 有气泡产生14.金属钠和水 (含几滴酚酞) 的反应是一个重要的实验, 能从该实验获得的信息中说明金属钠具有的性质是 密度较小 熔点较低 硬度较小.还原性强 该反应生成相应的碱 该反应是放热反应a. b. c.除之外 d.全部二.非选择题 (44分)15. (13分) 已知化合物a、d、e、g焰色反应时, 火焰均呈黄色,
12、其中a可用作家庭食品添加剂, 也可用以冶疗胃酸过多.a h各物质的变化关系如下图所示.(1) 写出各步反应的化学方程式反应反应反应反应反应(2) 上述反应中属于氧化还原反应的有16. (13分) 红砖是用粘土高温烧结而成, 因其颜色呈红色或棕红色而得名, 常用作建筑材料(1) 根据红砖的颜色、猜测其可能含有的成份是 (写化学式)(2) 为了检验你的猜测是否正确, 请设计一个实验方案, 简要地写出各步操作过程以及最后的实验分析和结论, 涉及化学反应的写出化学方程式 (实验用品任取, 该实验分几步自已决定, 不必写实验装置中的仪器安装)实验步骤: 用铁锤敲碎红砖, 取小块磨成粉末.DarkExpe
13、rimental analysis and conclusions:(3) red brick has played an important role in the construction of our country. In view of the actual situation in our country, do you think we should continue to use or prohibit the use of red brick? On the grounds that17. (9 points) on the right is the reaction of
14、iron powder and water vaporSketch map of experimental device(1) write out the chemical equation of the reaction(2) in the experiment, the exhaust gas at D almost can not touch,Given that the device is not leaking, there are no quality problems with the medicines used. Do you think the possible cause
15、 of the gas failure is that?:Corrective measures are:(3) it was suggested that the water in the flask be changed into soda ash crystal (Na2CO3 10H2O). Do you think it is feasible?On the grounds that18. with the mixture of 18.3g sodium peroxide powder, add 100ml of water, after full reaction mixture is completely dissolved, and collected 5.6L gas (standard)(1) the volume of gas collected is that the volume ratio is.(2) calculate the concentration of the solut
