《(大学英语语法教学课件）U3adjectives》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《(大学英语语法教学课件）U3adjectives（27页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、Unit 3,Modifiers: adjectives Grammar: Adjectives Writing: Correcting: Comparison Problems Rewriting: How to rewrite sentences,Modifiers,A modifier is any word that acts to describe or qualify another word in such a way that it enriches the other words meaning. It usually may be an adjective, an adve
2、rb or a prepositional phrase. Adding modifiers can make sentences more explicit, more interesting and more powerful. Lets look at an example. The girl married. The girl was poor. She married immediately. She married after graduation. Now, you may combine all these details into one sentence. The poor
3、 girl married immediately after graduation.,Adjectives,An adjective is a word that modifies a noun or a pronoun by limiting its meaning. It tells a characteristic or quality of a noun or pronoun. Adjectives tell such things as which one? what kind? whose? how many/much? Generally, adjectives may be
4、classified into two: one is attributive adjectives which are placed before nouns and the other is predictive adjectives which are placed after link verbs. attributive adjectives predictive adjectives the big house The house is big. a popular singer The singer is popular.,Some words can only be used
5、as predictive adjectives. They have no degree of comparison and cannot be modified by degree adverbs such as too, very, much, almost, nearly, enough, hardly and so on. Most adjectives with initial letter a- are predictive adjectives, such as afraid，alike，alive，alone，asleep，awake, ahead, ashamed etc.
6、 And some others are ill, well, faint, glad, pleased, sorry, sure, certain, unable, ready, fond and so on. The dog is asleep. an asleep dog The boy was ill. an ill boy ,1 Degrees of comparison,Many adjectives have different forms to indicate their degree of comparison. There are three levels of comp
7、arison: positive, comparative, and superlative. The positive degree, the adjective in its most basic form, indicates no increase or diminution of the original quality. We are lucky. I have something important to tell you.,To compare people, places, events or things, when they are equal, we use as +
8、adj. + as; when they are unequal, we use not so/as+ adj. + as. Summer in England is lovely. Spring in China is lovely. Summer in England is as lovely as spring in China. Your story is interested. My story is very interested. Your story is not so interested as mine.,When we make a comparison of quant
9、ity, we use the structure “as + much/many n. + as” or “as + few/little n. + as” I earn much money. My son earns much money. I earn as much money as my son does. Harry has few cards as you have. You have few cards. Harry has as few cards as you have. Notice: In an informal style, we use object pronou
10、ns (us, them, him etc.) after the second “as”. I received as many postcards as he did. (formal) I received as many postcards as him. (informal),The comparative degree compares two nouns or pronouns: one holds a greater or lesser degree of a quality than the other. Single syllable adj.: adj.-er Two-s
11、yllable adj.: more + adj (-ful/ -re). (more careful, more mature); adj(-er/ -y or -ly). -er. (cleverer, prettier, sillier). Multi-syllable adj.: more + adj. (more interesting) She is thirty eight years old. Her husband is fifty years old. She is twelve years younger than her husband. This work is di
12、fficult. I had thought it was easy. This work is more difficult than I had thought it was.,We can use the comparatives with “the comparative degree , the comparative degree ” to say that things change or vary together. Notice the structure is “the comparative degree + (n.) + subject + verb ”. The ol
13、der I grow, the happier I am. The more mistrust we feel, the less confidence we have.,The following structures are used to indicate multiple: 1) A is times the size /height/length/width of B. The Oriental Pearl Tower is three times the height of this Hotel. 2) A is times as big /high/long/wide/large
14、 as B. Asia is four times as large as Europe. 3) A is times larger /higher/longer/wider than B. Salt Lake is five times saltier than any oceans.,Some adjectives (most with or such as prior, superior, inferior, senior, junior, etc.) use to instead of than when indicating comparative degree. The task
15、is prior to all others. Health without riches is preferable to riches without health.,The superlative degree compares more than two nouns or pronouns. It is the highest degree of comparison for adjectives，usually formed either by adding -est to the shorter words (kindest, fastest) or by putting most
16、 before longer words and adverbs (most extraordinary, most quickly). We use the definite article the while using the superlative degree. There are three books. This one is best. Of the three books, this one is best. I have ever done many kinds of work. That is the most time-consuming work. That is the most time-consuming work I have ever done.,Exercises 1: Combine the sentences in each set into a single clear sentence which represents the degrees of
