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1、翻译技巧减词法（Omission ）,语法 修辞,语 法,英汉两种语言在语法上差异较大，例如： 英语有冠词，而汉语却没有； 英语重形合、连接词较多，汉语重意合、连接词较少； 英语中介词丰富，汉语中介词则较少； 英语中经常使用代词，尤其是经常使用人称代词、关系代词等，而汉语中代词则用得较少； 因此，英译汉时可根据具体情况将冠词、连接词、介词、代词略去，使译文练达晓畅。,冠词 & 代词的省译,A dictionary is a good teacher. （一本）词典是（一位）良师。 He started hitting the bottle at 18. 他18岁时开始酗酒。 He knows
2、hes too tired to read, and hes just wasting time. 他知道自己太累，读不下去了。（他）完全是在浪费时间。,冠词 & 代词的省译,Her dark hair waved untidy across her forehead, her face was short, her upper lip short, showing a glint of teeth, her brows were straight and dark, her lashes long and dark, her nose straight. 她的黑发散乱地飘佛在（她的）宽阔的前
3、额上，（她的）脸是短短的。（她的）上唇也是短短的，露出一排闪亮的牙齿，（她的）眉毛又直又黑，（她的）睫毛又长又黑，（她的）鼻子笔直。,介词的省译,The children are the beautiful flowers in spring. 儿童是（在）春天的鲜花。 On the evening of December, 1955, in Montgomery, a bus stopped at an intersection. （在）1995年12月1日傍晚，蒙哥马力市的一辆公共汽车停在十字街口。Intersection = crossroads交叉（十字）路口 Smoking is n
4、ot allowed in classroom. （在）教室内不准吸烟。 They arrived in London on May 20. 他们于5月20日到达伦敦。 比较：5月20日，他们到达伦敦。,连词 & 同位语的省译,Early people got up at sunrise and went to bed at sunset. 古人日出而作，日落而息。 Unless there is motion, there is no work. 没有运动，也就没有功。 Never get on or off the bus before it comes to a standstill.
5、车未停稳，切勿上下。 His father is an oculist, or an eye-doctor. 他的父亲是眼科医生。 This medicine, or drug, has a violent effect. 这种药的药性猛烈。,动词的省译,These facts are related to the problem. 这些事实与这个问题有关。（汉语用介词结构做谓语） These animals made an adjustment to the new environment in a short time. 这些动物短时间内就适应了新环境。 Oculists find tha
6、t a childs eyes do not reach full development until about twelve years of age. 眼科医生发现，儿童的眼睛要到大约12岁才发育完全。 Now we have solved the problem and have arrived at the same conclusion as they arrived at. 现在我们已解决了这个问题，并且得出了和他们相同的结论。,Exercises,As it is late, let us go to bed. 不早啦，睡吧！ The city has a dense manu
7、facturing population. 这个城市有稠密的工业人口。 The products should be sampled to check their quality before they leave the factory. 产品出厂前应该进行抽样检查。 Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history books are great conquerors and generals and soldiers 史书上最经常出现、最为显赫的人物，大多是些伟大的征服者、将军和军事家。
8、,Exercises,I know my friends from the feel of their faces. 我靠触摸脸庞来辨认朋友。 Ice is a solid. If we heat it, it melts and becomes water. 冰是固体，如果加热，就融化成水。 John got up very early in the morning. He put on his jacket, sat down at his desk and began to do his homework. 约翰早晨起床很早，他穿上夹克，就坐在桌旁开始做家庭作业。,Exercises,B
9、ut at the present moment the whole road looked rather pretty, for the sun had just set in splendor, and the equalities of rent were drowned in a saffron afterglow. 但此时整条路看起来都挺美，金灿灿的太阳刚落下山，橙红色的余辉掩盖了房屋的种种差异。 I framed the words in my mind: “Pardon me, but have I done something to offend you?“ 我心里在嘀咕：“对
10、不起，我有什么举止行为冒犯你了吗？“,Exercises,You hear it from the trackers, a more breathless chant, as they pull desperately against the current, half a dozen of them perhaps if they are, taking up a wupan, a couple of hundred if they are hauling a splendid junk, its square sail set, over a rapid. 纤夫拼命拉纤逆流而上时，你就会听
11、见他们唱着较急促的号子。拉五板木船时，或许五六人就行，但当拉着鼓着横帆的大船过急滩时，那就得要二三百人。,Exercises,If you are a twinkler, you have the ability to walk into a room and bring the sunshine with you, making everyone else want to bask in it. 满怀喜悦的人能把阳光带进他所走进的房间，使别人愿意沐浴在这阳光中.,修 饰,He was smooth and agreeable. 他待人处事，八面玲珑。 Standing as it does
12、on a high hill, the church commands a new view. 教堂建在高山上，向下眺望，风景优美。 To learn is not an easy matter and to apply what one has learned is even harder. 学习不容易，使用更加不容易。,修 饰,There was no snow, the leaves were gone from the trees, the grass was dead. 天未下雪，但叶落草枯。 There was not a sound in her-and around us no
13、thing moved, nothing lived, not a canoe on the water, not a bird in the air, not a cloud in the sky. 船上悄然无声，四周一片静谧，死一般沉寂，水面不见轻舟飘动，天空不见小鸟浮云。,修 辞,In actual fact, the United States is pursuing a policy of encouraging the aggressor 实际上，美国在推行一种鼓励侵略者的政策 The problem of alternative fuels of vehicle is one p
14、roblem we shall approach. 车辆的代用燃料是我们将要研究的一个问题。,修 辞,I felt a trifle shy at the thought of presenting myself to a total stranger with the announcement that I was going to sleep under his roof, eat his food and drink his whisky, till another boat came in to take me to the port for which I was bound. 我要去见一个素不相识的陌生人，向他宣布我得住在他家、吃他的、喝他的，一直等到下一班船到来，把我带到我要去的港口为止想到这儿，我真有点不好意思了。,
