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1、null l null 2009null08null30; 2009null10null29 null null L v 3 7 null l ? U % M r n ( 2009) 035null T e null _ ? ( 1974- ) ,o , V , Z _ : 3 # bEnullmail: fayunxiang 163. com c I | 1001null3601( 2009) 11null0809null0207null04土法炼锌的环境危害及废弃矿区环境评价向发云, 王检, 钟柱, 王杏(L v , L L 550003)null null K null 1 统计已有的研
2、究数据,分析土法炼锌区环境中重金属的污染状况与环境危害,采用单因子污染指数法和综合污染指数法,综合评价土法炼锌历史较久的赫章县妈姑镇废弃矿区环境质量状况b结果显示,矿区大气a土壤和食物中重金属元素PbaZnaCd的总含量均超标;土壤污染严重,不适合种植粮食类作物,已收获的食物不能安全食用;河水中PbaZnaCd的浓度符合!类水质要求,但底泥和悬浮物中重金属总含量很高,是潜在的污染源,对河水水质和水生生物的生存构成威胁;建议对矿区弃渣和受污染土壤进行治理,采用农家肥a磷肥与碱石灰混合施用的方法可行b1 o M 重金属; 危害; 矿区; 评价; 炼锌 m s | X592 D S M AThe E
3、nvironmental Hazards of Indigenous Zinc Smelting and EnvironmentalAssessment in Abandoned Mine AreasXIANG Fanullyun, WANG Jian, ZHONG Zhu , WANG Xing(Collegeof ResourcesandEnvironmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550003, China)null null Abstract: According to the existed data
4、analysis, heavy metal pollution status and environmentalhazards were analyzed, and singlenullfactor pollution index and integrated pollution index were adopted tocomprehensively evaluate the situation of environmental quality in the abandoned mining areas in MaguTownship, Hezhang County, a long hist
5、ory indigenous zinc smelting area. The results showed that thetotal content of heavy metals Pb, Zn, and Cd in the atmosphere, soil, and food in the mining area haveexceeded the standards. Soil has been polluted and unsuitable for farming, and even crops harvested werenot safe. The content of Pb, Zn,
6、 and Cd in river water was according with ! level water quality standard,but heavy metals in sediment and total suspended solids had higher content, they threatened the riverwater quality and aquatic organisms in the river since they were potential pollution resources. Theecological reconstruction i
7、s urgently needed to solve this environmental problem. The paper proposed thatmining dregs and contaminated soil should be treated, combination of farmyard manures, phosphate mixedwith the lime could be the best control measure for the heavy metals polluted in the mining areas.Key words: heavy metal
8、s; hazards; mining zone; assessment; zinc smeltingnull null # 7 / v ? , S . W B E s 5 1b F 7 8 V 3 v l ? ? b , bB Z , l ? b1 v , 1 3 4 ; 6 B Z ,l ? v 8 r , P r % s , 8 C by N , u 3 d 1 bL # , ,* u # 5 120 ) , X 5 5) 2 , Pb+ Zn % 190 t 2b# F s e , , Z # Q , n + M 3b P r E 4 H q / H , r V ? Q db, V Y
9、V aJ 8 b1. 4 J V 1 a . av V J s , 3 J PbaZnaCd 9 c ( V K b , . # K v S 1053 , Zn S 20 , Cd S 78 bPbaCd 5 , ? 8 = , 8 r B 3 Y b X Z h D 18 , u 8 3 q ? h q ( , v 75% 3 # , V ? J v S J 1 b 8 # c V H , # , C ad e a7 n / # h bJ V / # , V by N , u r l J ? J bV 1null J T c 19null20Table 1null The heavy met
10、als content in the crops ItemPb/( mg/kg)K l M inimumK v Maximum ( AverageZn / (mg/kg)K l MinimumK v Maximum ( AverageCd / (mg/kg)K l MinimumK v Maximum ( Average Corn 2.34 58. 37 13. 05 82.4 1209 386 0. 38 7. 21 1.65 . 238.99 1053. 29 427. 03 110.21 989.65 527.33 0. 55 15. 62 7.95Potatov 8.72 38. 64 20. 12 35.09 224.35 121.34 0. 31 1. 21 0.71Soya bean S J 3 K 1 50 0.2National food health limiting value1. 5 8 21null23 r E u 8 , V $ v d , i v h l ,7 b X d 9 , cE pH 6. 74 8. 68, Pb i 0. 58 46. 1nullg/ L, Zn i 17. 4 130nullg/L, Cd
