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1、中南民族大学 硕士学位论文 三种傣药化学成分的研究 姓名：郑桐 申请学位级别：硕士 专业：药物化学 指导教师：杨光忠;梅之南 20100501 中南民族大学硕士学位论文 I 摘 要 布渣叶(Microcos paniculatal L.)是椴树科(Tiliaceae)破布叶属(Microcos L.)植 物，分布于广东、广西、海南、云南，中南半岛和印度等地，其叶入药，有清热 利湿，健胃消滞之效，用于治疗感冒发热、黄疸、食欲不振、消化不良、脘腹胀 痛、泄泻、疮疡、蜈蜙咬伤等症。 五叶山小桔 （Glycosmis pentaphylla） 是芸香科 （Rutaceae） 山小桔属 （Glycosm
2、is Linn ）植物。山小桔属植物多是灌木或小乔木，约50余种，分布于亚洲南部及 东南部、澳大利亚东北部。我国有11种1变种。该属植物化学成分多样，主要含 carbazole,acridone,quinolone和quinazoline生物碱，硫酰胺类化合物，萜类化合物 以及近年来从该属植物中分离出含有芹糖的异黄酮类化合物。 生物碱为其主要的 生物活性成分，具有抗肿瘤、抗真菌等活性。该植物主要分布于福建、广东、广 西、云南等地。以根及叶入药，山小桔叶是常用的药材,又称“山桔叶” ，具有散 瘀消肿、化痰消积、祛风解毒的功效。 黑皮跌打藤茎（Fissistigma polyanthum）别名黑风
3、藤、通气香、大力丸、牛 耳风等。是番荔枝科瓜馥木属的一种藤本植物，生于山谷、河边、路旁潮湿的地 方。能通经络，强筋骨，健脾温中，民间用于治跌打损伤，风湿性关节炎，类风 湿性关节痛，感冒，月经不调等症，另外经药理研究发现,黑风藤浸膏有抗病毒 活性。 本文利用系统溶剂提取法、正相和反相硅胶柱色谱法、 高效液相色谱法等现 代分离技术， 分别从三种傣药的提取物中分离得到化合物并运用现代波谱学技术 鉴定了12个化合物，布渣叶中分到6个化合物，包括1个黄酮类化合物，1个甾醇 类化合物，1个糖类化合物，3个萜类化合物。五叶山小桔分离得到四个化合物， 3个carbazole类生物碱，一个为酰胺类生物碱。从黑皮
4、中分离出两个化合物，为 查儿酮类和降倍半萜类化合物。12个化合物均为首次从三种植物中分离得到。在 鉴 定 的 化 合 物 中 ， 化 合 物 5 为 新 化 合 物 。 新 化 合 物 分 别 命 名 为 ： 3- O- p- hydroxy- E- cinnamoyloxy- 2,23- dihyd- roxyolean- 12- en- 28- oate(5)。 11个已知化合物分别鉴定为：表儿茶素(epicatechin)(1)，蔗糖(Sucrose)(2)， - 谷甾醇( - sitosterol)(3)， 3- trans- feruloyl maslinic acid(4)， ma
5、slinic acid(6)， glybomine 三种傣药化学成分的研究 II B(7) ， glycoborinine(8) ， carbalexin A(9) ， N- p- coumaroyltyramine(10) ， kanakugiol(11)，teutenone A(12)。11个化合物均是首次从该属植物中分得的化合 物。 采用 DPPH氧化法测定 9 种傣药 40 个提取物的抗氧化活性。结果表明植物 黑皮跌打藤茎和布渣叶茎对 DPPH 的清除能力比人工合成的抗氧化剂 BHT （IC50 = 20.0 M）高，具有较强的抗氧化能力。 关键词：布渣叶；五叶山小桔；黑皮跌打藤茎；化
6、学成分；生物活性 中南民族大学硕士学位论文 III Abstract Microcos paniculatal L. belongs to Tiliaceae genus of Microcos L.，located in Guangdong， Guangxi， Hainan， Yunnan， Indochina Peninsula， India and other places. Their leaves can be used as medicine，for heat dampness，and be health for stomach. It also be treated for co
7、ld and fever， jaundice， loss of appetite， indigestion， abdominal pain，abdominal distention，diarrhea，sore，centipede Song bites and so on. Glycosmis pentaphylla belongs to Rutaceae genus of Glycosmis Linn plant.Most plants of Glycosmis Linn are shrub or small tree. There are more than 50 species distr
8、ibuted in southern southeastern Asia，and northeastern Australia. There are 11 species and 1 mutation. Glycosmis Linn contains a variety chemical composition and mainly containing carbazole，acridone，quinolone and quinazoline alkaloids，amides of sulfur compounds，terpenoids，and isoflavones which have b
9、een discovered containing celery sugar in recent years from Glycosmis Linn. Alkaloids as its major bioactive components， has various biological activities such as anti- tumor， anti- bacterial etc. This plant is mainly distributed in Fujian，Guangdong，Guangxi， Yunnan and other places. To the root and
10、leaves used as medicine，Glycosmis pentaphylla，also known as “mountain of orange leaves” ，is commonly used herbs with its root and leaves，with the medical treatment of stasis，phlegm elimination product，Qufeng detoxification. Fissistigma polyanthum， also known as Black wind vine， ventilation Hong， Dal
11、i Wan，niu gales and so on， belonges to Annonaceae genus of Fissistigma plant， which can be discovered in the valley， river， street and damp places. It has the medical effect of through meridian and strengthening the bones and spleen .In civil，it is used for bruises，rheumatoid arthritis，rheumatoid jo
12、int pain，cold and irregular menstruation embolism. We also found that Fissistigma polyanthumcream has the biological activity of antivirus by pharmacological study. In this paper，by using the system solvent extraction，normal phase and reversed phase silica gel column chromatography，HPLC and other mo
13、dern separation 三种傣药化学成分的研究 IV technology，respectively，12 compounds were isolated from three kinds of three Dai medicine extracts. Six compounds were isolated from Microcos paniculatal L， including one flavonoid，a steroid compound，a carbohydrate compound，three terpenoids and four. Four compounds wer
14、e isolated from Glycosmis pentaphylla， including three carbazole compounds and a amide compound. Two compounds were isolated from Fissistigma polyanthum，including one chalcone compound and one nor- sesquiterpenoid compound were identified by using modern spectroscopic techniques. Among these 12 comp
15、ounds isolated from three plants for the first time， there is a new one，3- O- p- hydroxy- E- cinnamoyloxy- 2,23- dihyd- roxy- olean- 12- en- 28- oate(5). The other 11 known compounds are called epicatechin(1)，Sucrose(2)， - sitosterol(3)，3- trans- feruloyl maslinic acid(4)，maslinic acid(6)，glybomine
16、B(7)， glycoborinine(8)，carbalexin A(9)，N- p- coumaroyltyramine(10)，kanakugiol(11)， teutenone A(12). These 11compounds were isolated from these plants for the first time. We use DPPH oxidation to measure the antioxidant activity of the 40 Dai extracts in 9 drugs .The results show that scavenging capacity of DPPH of the Fissistigma polyanthum and the Microcos paniculatal L. is higher than that of Synthetic antioxidants （IC50 = 20.0 M） .It has strong antioxidant activity Keywords: Micr
