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1、成都理工大学 硕士学位论文 一种新的具有USB OTG功能的高速数据采集系统的研究 姓名：杨静 申请学位级别：硕士 专业：通信与信息系统 指导教师：郭勇;罗运先 20100601 摘 要 一种新的具有一种新的具有 USB OTG 功能的高速数据功能的高速数据 采集系统的研究采集系统的研究 作者简介： 杨静， 女， 1984 年 12 月生， 2007 年师从郭勇教授和罗运先教授， 于 2010 年 7 月毕业于成都理工大学通信与信息系统专业并获工学硕士学位。 摘摘 要要 在现代工业生产以及科学研究领域中，数据采集系统的应用越来越广泛。传 统的数据采集系统采集与传输速度慢、实时性差、安装麻烦、抗
2、干扰能力弱等问 题已经难以适应现在数据采集的要求。 本文针对传统数据采集系统的不足， 研究和讨论了一种新的数据采集系统的 设计方案。 系统采用综合设计的思想， 结合 ARM 和 FPGA 各自的优点， 以 ARM 微处理器为核心，FPGA 为协处理器，提出了一种具有 USB OTG 功能的高速数 据采集系统设计方案。 采用各种新器件的组合方式进行系统设计可以提供新型的解决方案， 改进系 统的性能。ARM 微处理器片内资源丰富，在顺序执行、事务处理和数据流转等 方面功能强大，并且外部接口资源丰富，价格便宜。用 ARM 微处理器作为系统 的主控制器无疑是一个很好的选择。然而单纯以 ARM 微处理器
3、为核心的数据采 集系统，受到微控制器执行指令时间的限制，采集的速率较低，难以适应高速数 据采集的需要。因此，本系统引入 FPGA 器件进行高速数据采集。在数据传输方 面，传统的数据采集系统主要采用基于 ISA、PCI 总线的 A/D 卡，安装麻烦、抗 干扰能力差，而通用串行总线 USB 作为一种新型的微机总线接口规范，以其使 用方便、易于扩展、速度快等优点被广泛地应用于数据采集系统中。近年来， USB2.0 补充协议 USB OTG（On-The-Go）技术的提出，对高速数据采集系统的 研究有着重大的意义，使 USB 技术可以方便地应用在便携式移动设备领域中， 在彻底脱离 PC 的情况下，实现
4、各种不同设备或移动设备间的连接和数据交换。 基于以上分析，本文提出了一种新的具有 USB OTG 功能的高速数据采集系统的 设计方案。 论文首先详细介绍了 USB2.0 及 OTG 协议与规范，然后从系统的总体架构、 硬件电路的设计以及软件程序的开发等几个方面， 详细讨论了系统的设计思想以 及实现方案，其中，重点讨论了高速 A/D 转换以及 USB OTG 传输模块的实现。 系统硬件以 ARM 和 FPGA 为核心，ARM 微处理器选用 Samsung 公司的 S3C44B0X，FPGA 协处理器选用 Altera 公司 CycloneII 系列的 EP2C5Q208C8。 I 成都理工大学硕
5、士学位论文 硬件部分围绕核心芯片，着重讨论了 A/D 转换模块、USB OTG 传输模块及电源 和外围电路的硬件电路设计。 ARM 微处理器控制整个系统的运行并且实现 USB OTG 功能， FPGA 作为协 处理器实现 A/D 采样控制及 FIFO 等。系统软件部分详细讨论了 USB OTG 传输 模块主/从机功能的设计方案以及 A/D 采样控制与 FIFO 缓存的实现。 关键词：ARM FPGA USB OTG 数据采集 II Abstract Study on High Speed Data Acquisition System that with new function of USB
6、 OTG Introduction of the author: Yangjing, female, was born in December, 1984 whose tutor was Professor Guoyong and Luoyunxian. She graduated from Chengdu University of Technology in Communication Engneering major and was granted the Master Degree in July, 2010. Abstract In the field of modern indus
7、trial production and scientific research, the data acquisition system used widely. Traditional data acquisition with such issues as slow transmission speed, real-time difference, installation problems and weak immunity has been difficult to adapt to data collection requirements. In this paper, accor
8、ding to the inadequacies of traditional data acquisition system, a new design scheme of data acquisition system is researched and discussed. Adopted with integrated design idea and combining the advantages of ARM and FPGA, the system use ARM microprocessor as core, and FPGA as co-processors, propose
9、d a high-speed data acquisition system with the function of USB OTG. A combination of new devices can provide new solutions to improve system performance. ARM microprocessor chip is rich in resources, and powerful in sequence execution, transaction processing and data transfer, and also with rich ex
10、ternal interface resources and low prices. Using the ARM microprocessor as main controller is a good choice undoubtedly. However, the data acquisition system using the ARM microprocessor core simply is limited with the instruction execution time by microcontroller, the collection rate is very low, i
11、t is difficult to adapt to the needs of high-speed data acquisition. Therefore, in order to improve the real-time and integrated level of the system, we introduce the FPGA device that used for high-speed data acquisition. In data transmission, the traditional data acquisition system is mainly used A
12、/D card based on ISA or PCI bus, is difficulted to installed, and bad in anti-interference ability. Universal Serial Bus as a new type of computer bus interface standard, is widely applied to data acquisition system for its advantages that convenient, quick and easy extension. In recent years, On-Th
13、e-Go Supplement to the USB2.0 Specification (USB OTG) was proposed, it has great significance for the III 成都理工大学硕士学位论文 research of high-speed data acquisition system, and make the USB technology used in the field of mobile devices easily, and realize the connection and data exchange between mobile d
14、evices without PC. Based on the analysis above, the paper proposes a high-speed data acquisition system that with new function of USB OTG. Paper first introduces USB2.0 and OTG agreements and regulations, and then discussed the system design and implementation scheme detailedly from the aspects on s
15、ystem framework, hardware design and software development, especially discuss the high A/D conversion and USB OTG Transfer Module. System use ARM and FPGA as the core, ARM microprocessor selected Samsungs S3C44B0X, FPGA co-processor use Altera Corporations CycloneII device EP2C5Q208C8. Around the co
16、re chip, this paper focus on the discuss about the A/D converter module, USB OTG transfer module and power supply and the realization of the external circuit. ARM microprocessor control the operation of the system and realize the USB OTG functionality, FPGA as a coprocessor to achieve the A/D sampling and FIFO. Software is discussed the design scheme of USB OTG transfer modules funcion and the A/D sampling control and FIFO cache in detail. Keywords: ARM FPGA USB OTG data acquisition IV 独创性
