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1、2011届高考英语语法专题(三),一、被动语态构成形式 被动语态由“助动词be及物动词的过去分词”构成。不及物动词没有被动语态。在不同的时态下助动词be有不同的形式。,现以及物动词tell为例，列表如下：,1.一般现在时：You are ordered to do it. 这样考过 (2009南京调研)The temperature will fall sharply the day after tomorrow，when a snowstorm _ to strike our area. A.expects Bhas expected Cis expected Dwill be expect
2、ed 解析：句意：届时会有暴风雪。be expected to“预计会做某事”。 答案：C,2一般过去时：I was invited to the concert. 这样考过 (2009北京)The way the guests _ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service. Atreated Bwere treated Cwould treat Dwould be treated,解析：句意：客人们在旅馆中被招待的方式影响到对他们服务的评价。此题考查时态语态。根据题意，客人是被招待的，应排除A、C两项；influenced
3、 时间提示为一般过去时，故选B。 答案：B,(2009湖南示范性中学联考)After being discovered by Dutch explorers in 1606，the eastern half of Australia _ by the British in 1770. Awas claimed Bclaimed Cwas claiming Dhas been claimed 解析：由句意：自1606年被荷兰探险者发现之后，澳大利亚东半部分在1770年宣布为英国所有，知答案选A。 答案：A,3一般将来时：The matter will be looked into tomorro
4、w. 这样考过 (2009皖西四校)_ is known to us is that the 2012 Olympic Games _ in London. AWhat; will be held BIt; will hold CAs; is held DWhich; holds,解析：由句意知空中应填一个引导主语从句的连接词，并作句子的主语；由句中的时间2012年知表将来，且Olympic Games与hold之间为被动关系。综上选A。 答案：A,(2009北京海淀区)If your order is ready，the Tshirt _ to you as soon as possible
5、. Ahas delivered Bis delivered Cwill deliver Dwill be delivered 解析：主语是Tshirt 谓语动词，deliver 应用被动，表示Tshirt被送，排除A、C两项。根据语境，如果你定了货，Tshirt 将会随时被送货。故选D项。 答案：D,(2009北京宣武区)A meeting _ at 3 pm.next Tuesday. Will you go there? Ahas held Bhas been held Cwill be held Dwill hold 解析：根据时间状语next Tuesday 判断用将来式。主语是me
6、eting 被举行因此选C项。will be held 为将来时的被动式。 答案：C,4现在进行时：The house is being built. 这样考过 (2009四川)Why dont we choose that road to save time? The bridge to it _. Ahas repaired Bis repaired Cis being repaired Dwill be repaired,解析：句意：为什么我们不选择走那条路以节省时间呢？因为去那条路的桥正在修理中。题目考查了现在进行时的被动语态作谓语。桥与修理存在被动关系，而且根据句子语境要求采用进行时
7、态。 答案：C,(2009湖南)Would you please keep silent？The weather report _ and I want to listen. Ais broadcast Bis being broadcast Chas been broadcast Dhad been broadcast 解析：句意：请安静一下好吗？正广播天气预报呢，我想听听。根据句意，该空考查的是现在进行时的被动语态。 答案：B,(2009江苏)Hi，Torry，can I use your computer for a while this afternoon? Sorry._. AIts
8、 repaired BIt has been repaired CIts being repaired DIt had been repaired 解析：句意：嗨，Torry，今天下午我能用一会儿你的电脑吗？真抱歉，电脑正在修理。该句强调的是此时电脑正被维修，需用现在进行时的被动语态。 答案：C,5过去进行时：When I called，tea was being served. 这样考过 (2009上海)During the period of recent terrorist activities，people _ not to touch any unattended bag. Ahad
9、 always been warned Bwere always being warned Care always warning Dalways warned,解析：句意：在最近恐怖活动期间，人们总是在被警告不要碰任何无人照看的包。be always doing sth.总是做某事，表达某种抱怨、不满或赞许的情绪。人们是“被警告”，要用被动语态。 答案：B,6现在完成时：My bike has been repaired. 这样考过 (2009全国)His sister left home in 1998，and _ since. Ahad not been heard of Bhas no
10、t been heard of Chad not heard of Dhas not heard of,解析：句意：他妹妹在1998年离开家，从那以后就没了音讯。根据句意，指的是过去离开以后，到现在一直没音讯，故用现在完成时；hear of 与his sister 在本句中为被动关系，故用被动语态，所以选B。 答案：B,7过去完成时：When we went to the cinema，the film had been on for ten minutes. 这样考过 (2009北京崇文区)It was proven that the story of one witness _. Ahas
11、 been invented Bhad been invented Cwould be invented Dwas invented 解析：此题考查时态，据证实(It was proven that.)用过去的时态，故后面用过去完成式(已经被编造出来)。 答案：B,(2009皖南八校联考)This Monday morning I was informed I _ as one of three exchange students from our college. Ahad been choosing Bwas chosen Chad been chosen Dwas choosing 解析
12、：过去的过去应用过去完成时的被动语态。 答案：C,8过去将来时：He said that the teaching building would be built next month. 这样考过 (2006湖南)In a room above the store，where a party _，some workers were busily setting the table. Awas to be held Bhas been held Cwill be held Dis being held,解析：由some workers were busily setting the table，
13、可知会议要被召开，同时时态为过去时，故选A。 答案：A,9将来完成时：They will have finished the work ahead of time when we decide to see them. 这样考过 (2009青岛质检)Have you finished your essay? Half _ when you come back. Ahas been done Bis done Cbe done Dwill have been done,解析：考查动词时态和语态辨析。when引导的时间状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时，所以主句表示将来的动作，且表示“等你回来的
14、时候一半的工作将已经完成”。 答案：D,10含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词be动词的过去分词 These books must be returned in three days. 注：被动语态还有一种“get过去分词”的结构，这种结构比较口语化。例如： Teacher Wang got married last year.,这样考过 (2009北京宣武区)At minus 130，a living cell can _ for a thousand years. Apreserve Bbe preserved Cbe preserving Dhave been preserved 解析：考
15、查情态动词用法。can 后面接动词原形，同时应注意被动语态。句意为：在零下130时，活细胞可以存活一千年。 答案：B,二、主动形式表示被动意义的情况,这样考过 (2009洛阳统考)Honey，this is a present for your birthday. Ah！A pair of shoes，Nike！I think it _ comfortable. Awears Bis worn Cis wearing Dhas worn 解析：it wears comfortable 它穿起来很舒服。 答案： A,(2009郑州预测)Id like a pen which _ well. Will this one _？ Awrites; help Bwrites; do Cis written; work Dis written; help 解析：考查动词的语态和动词辨析。第一空表示“一支好用的钢笔”，用主动语态而不用被动，因此空白处填writes。答语说：这支笔可以吗？表示“行，可以”用动词do。 答案：B,(200
