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1、走向高考 英语,路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索,人教版(课标卷地区) 高考总复习,基础知识聚焦,第一部分,解题策略(二) 语法填空之给出动词试题归类,第一部分,要诀1 首先,判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。然后按以下两点进行思考。若句中没有别的谓语动词,或者虽然已有谓语动词,但需填的动词与之是并列关系时,所给动词就是谓语动词;若是谓语动词,就要考虑时态语态。 【例句1】His fear of failure _(keep) him from classroom games that other children played with joy. 解析:因主语His fear of fa
2、ilure后没有别的谓语动词,需填的动词应为谓语动词;因主语与keep是主动关系,应用主动语态;由从句谓语动词played可知,要用一般过去时,故填kept。 答案:kept,【例句2】That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation, _ (close) my book and walked away. 解析:虽然句中已有谓语动词declined,但由and walked可知,所填词与declined和walked是并列关系,所以也用一般过去时closed。 答案:closed,【
3、例句3】In Logan, three people _(take) to a hospital, while others were treated at a local clinic. 解析:因主语three people与take是被动关系,即三个人被送进医院,故用被动语态;由were treated可知,要用一般过去时,故填were taken。 答案:were taken,要诀2 若句中已有谓语动词,又不是并列谓语时,所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用ing形式、ed形式,还是用不定式形式,确定的方法主要有: (1)作主语或宾语,通常用ing形式表示习惯或一般情况,用不
4、定式表示具体的情况。 【例句1】but it is not enough only _(memorize) rules from a grammar book. 答案:to memorize 解析:因it是形式主语,后面用不定式作真正的主语,故填to memorize。,【例句2】 _(speak) out your inner feeling wont make you feel ashamed, on the contrary. 解析:句中已有谓语wont make,所以speak应为非谓语动词;谓语前面应为主语,作主语,表示一般情况,要用动名词短语,故填speaking。 答案:Spea
5、king,(2)作目的状语或者在形容词后作状语,一般用不定式。如: 【例句1】 _(complete) the project as planned, well have to work two more hours a day. 解析:因句中已有谓语will have to work,所以complete应为非谓语动词;因“(为了)按计划完成这项工程”是“我们每天不得不额外多工作两小时”的目的,作目的状语,用动词不定式,故填to complete。 答案:To complete,【例句2】Some people say that oldest children, who are smart
6、and strongwilled, are very likely _(succeed) 解析:因在形容词likely后作状语,要用动词不定式,故填to succeed。 答案:to succeed,(3)作伴随状语,常用分词,与逻辑主语是主动关系,用现在分词;是被动关系,用过去分词。 【例句1】He saw the stone, _(say) to himself: “The night will be very dark.” 解析:句中已有谓语saw,所给动词与saw不是并列关系,应当是非谓语动词;又因He与say是主动关系,故填saying作伴随状语。 答案:saying,【例句2】 T
7、he headmaster went into the lab, _ (follow) by the foreign guests. 解析:句中已有谓语went,而follow又不是与之并列的,故为非谓语动词;又因the headmaster与follow是被动关系,故用过去分词作伴随状语。 答案:followed,【例句3】There will be a meeting, _(start) later this year to review the film. 解析:因a meeting与start是主动关系,用现在分词短语作定语,补充说明a meeting,故填starting。 答案:s
8、tarting,【例句4】Lessons _(learn) in sports can help us in our dealing with other people. 解析:因句中已有谓语can help,所以learn应为非谓语动词;又因lesson与learn是被动关系,要用过去分词短语作定语,故填learned。 答案:learned,特别提醒:有时给出的动词可能既不是谓语动词也不是非谓语动词,而是要求词类转换。如: But Jane knew from past experience that her _(choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father. 解析:括号中所给词choose虽然是动词,但在句中作主语,且在形容词性物主代词后,应当填choose的名词形式choice。 答案:choice,