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1、武汉体育学院 硕士学位论文 2008北京奥运会中国男篮与对手后卫防守能力的比较研究 姓名：童磊 申请学位级别：硕士 专业：体育教育训练学 指导教师：陈国慰 20100401 I 摘 要 在现代篮球运动中，后卫是场上战术的组织者和指挥者，往往是一个队的核心。 后卫队员的思想修养、技术水平、战术意识、组织能力和得分能力，直接影响该队的风 格和水平。 中国的篮球运动经过广大篮球从业人员、 专家的努力， 已经有了长足的进步。 经过了近 10 年时间，职业化、商业化已深入人心，一批批的优秀篮球运动员不断涌现。 姚明、 王治郅、 巴特尔、 高大队员的出现， 使得中国男篮有了世界都为之羡慕的号称 “移 动长
2、城”的内线；前锋位置也涌现出了许多条件好的苗子如易建联、朱芳雨等。在 28 届奥运会上中国男篮的平均身高 2.02 米，已经达到了世界一流强队的高度。然而近几 年来，中国男篮在世界大赛中的成绩不仅没有能够实现突破而且还接连失利，整体水平 有下滑的趋势。第 28、29 届奥运会上，中国队虽然最终都艰难的获得了前八名，但比 赛中表现出来的与欧美篮球强队的差距却令人思索！原因是多方面的，我们与世界强队 的差距也是全方位的，而其中后卫线能力的欠缺是不容回避的重要原因之一。 本研究运用文献资料法、录像观察法、专家访谈法、数理统计法等研究方法对 2008 年第 29 届北京奥运会中国男篮与与赛队后卫队员的
3、详细的数据进行统计和比较研究， 对其中后卫队员的特点和表现作较为全面和详细的分析对比，找出他们之间的差异，从 后卫这一环节深入分析中国队和世界篮球强队的差距，并提出改进意见和建议，为我国 男篮的发展提供参考。 研究结果研究结果: 1.中外男篮后卫在整体配合中防守能力的研究 我国后卫队员在快速移动的防守过程中防守动作不规范，造成无意义犯规较多。中 国队防守给予对方运球推进队员、前场运球组织进攻队员、运球突破队员的防守压力较 小，我国男篮队员防投篮时采取的前后步站位重心偏高，又由于缺乏良好的身体素质， 移动速度和反应慢，中国队对对手的外围远投的防守儿乎是真空毫无干扰的。我国队员 抢防守篮板球的挡位
4、意识、挡位积极性与国外强队队员差距较大。 2从进攻的角度对中外男篮后卫防守能力研究 中国队后卫在防守快攻时参与退防的人数少于对手，防守技术动作运用不合理，防 守效果低于对手。外国后卫与其他队员之间防守配合的默契程度很高，防守移动快速灵 活，经常对中国队内线队员形成夹击，而中国队后卫在这些方面则相差很远。中国队区 II 域联防时后卫脚步滑动较慢，联防的伸缩性较小，全队防守意识不强，对突分最后投篮 队员的防守强度不强。 3对无球进攻队员防守的研究 中国队后卫区域联防占位不够灵活，对切入禁区的无球队员防守护送不及时，盯人 防守时对切入禁区的无球队员盯人不紧。中国队后卫对无球队员的盯防不紧，防守质量
5、比对手差。 关键词：奥运会；篮球；男子；后卫；防守能力 III Abstract In modern basketball, the guard is tactical field organizers and commanders, often the core of a team. The ideological training, technical level, tactical awareness, organizational skills and ability to score have a direct impact on the teams style and standa
6、rds. With the efforts of Chinas vast basketball practitioners, experts the basketball Of China has made significant progress. In the past 10 years, professional, business- oriented has become firmly rooted, group after group of outstanding basketball players continue to emerge. The emergence of tall
7、 players such as Yao Ming, Wang, Battle, making Chinese mens basketball has been the envy of the world, whom are known as the “Great Wall“ inside; Forward position has also emerged in a number outstanding players, such as Yi Jianlian, Zhu Fangyu and so on. In the 28 th Olympic Games, the average hei
8、ght of China mens basketball is 2.02 meters which has reached the height of world- class teams. However, in recent years, Chinas mens basketball competitions in the world results not only failed to achieve a breakthrough, but also successive defeat, the overall level of the downward trend. In No. 28
9、,29 th Olympic Games, although the Chinese team eventually won the top eight, but the game shown by the gap between European and American basketball teams have cause for thought! There are many reasons, the gap between the us and worlds top teams is comprehensive, the lack of ability of back- line i
10、s an unavoidable important reasons. The study uses literature and data, video observation, expert interviews, mathematical statistics research methods such as the 29th of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games and the Chinese mens basketball players and the game guard detailed data for statistical and compa
11、rative study of them Guards features and performance for a more comprehensive and detailed analysis and comparison to find out the differences between them, from the guard- depth analysis of this part of the Chinese team and the gap between the worlds basketball teams, and suggest improvements and r
12、ecommendations for our men and the development of a reference basket. Results: With the “ball“ as the Center for Chinese and foreign defense capabilities of mens basketball guard IV China defender defensive players in the fast- moving process of defensive action is not standardized, resulting in mor
13、e pointless foul. The Chinese team to the other side dribble forward defensive players, offensive players up front organizations dribble, dribble break through the defensive pressure on smaller players, China mens basketball team shot to take steps before and after the high center of gravity station
14、s, Chinese team to the opponents defensive perimeter long shot is almost a vacuum without any interference. Chinas defensive rebounding team grab the gear consciousness, gear enthusiasm is far from the big players with foreign teams. From the perspective of offensive basketball to study the back def
15、ensive capacity of china and abroad. Chinas fast- break defensive guard when participating in the anti- back is less than the number of opponents, defensive technology, the use of unreasonable actions, defense effectiveness is below par. Foreign guards and other defensive players with the tacit unde
16、rstanding between the high level of defensive move fast and flexible, often on the Chinese team members inside the formation of double ,but china is weak in this term. The Chinese team defense when the defender of regional slide slower pace, defense scalability smaller team defensive awareness is not strong points and the sudden intensity of the final shot is not strong. the defense of Offensive player without the ball Chinese defender of regional defense placeholder is not flex
