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1、BatchDoc Word文档批量处理工具第题阅读理解专题一事实细节类题目命题特点针对原文具体叙述本身设问，可以直接或间接的从文中找到答案，常以who，which，what，where等设问。考查重点(1)直接理解题(信息可在原文中直接找到答案)。(2)语意转化题(需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语意上的转换)。方法技巧1查读法(1)速读全文，明确段落中心句，掌握大意。(2)按文章体裁、作者组材方式寻找关键信息词。(3)找到细节，认真推敲甚至计算等。2按组材模式阅读(常见模式)(1)列举型：抓住作者所举事例。(2)时间、空间型：掌握具体的时间、地点。(3)分类、例证型：掌握例证的事实细节，以便
2、得到答案。(4)程序型：理清说明事物的顺序，从而得出答案。(5)因果分析型：理清因果关系，从而推出答案。(6)比较、对比型：通过比较，对比事实细节，找到答案。(7)留意不含阿拉伯数字，但代表时间或数量的单词。如：at dawn(黎明时)，score(20)，fortnight(14 days)，century(100 years)，quarter (/15 minutes)，decade(10years)，a season(3 months)，week(7days)，couple (2个)，double/doubled(翻倍)，multiplied(乘)，be divided(除以)，aver
3、age(平均)，sum(求和)，in all(总共)。Passage 1Last nights meteor(流星)shower left many people in the community dissatisfied and demanding answers.According to Gabe Rothschild, Emerald Valleys mayor, people gathered in the suburbs of the city, carrying heavy telescopes, expecting to watch the brightly burning me
4、teors passing through the sky.What they found instead was a sky so brightened by the citys lights that it darkened the light of the meteors passing overhead.“My family was so frustrated，” admitted town resident Duane Cosby.“We wanted to make this an unforgettable family outing, but it turned out to
5、be a huge disappointment.”Astronomersscientists who study stars and planetshave been complaining about this problem for decades.They say that light pollution prevents them from seeing objects in the sky that they could see quite easily in the past.They call on people and the government to take measu
6、res to fight against it.There is yet a population besides professional and amateur star observers that suffers even more from light pollution. This population consists of birds, bats, frogs，snakes，etc.For example, outdoor lighting severely affects migrating (迁徙的)birds.According to the International
7、DarkSky Association，“100 million birds a year throughout North America die in crashes with lighted buildings and towers.”Countless more animal casualties(伤亡) result from the use of artificial lighting.Clearly，people enjoy the benefits of lighting their evenings, but some scientists think it can be h
8、armful for humans，too.They worry that exposure to light while sleeping can increase a persons chances of getting cancer.Emerald Valley is only one community that is becoming aware of the negative effects of light pollution.For years, Flagstaff, Arizona, has enforced lighting regulations in its city
9、in order to assist astronomers at the Lowell Observatory.Similar efforts have been made worldwide, and a movement is underway to remind us to turn off lights when we are not using them, so that other creatures can share the night.【语篇解读】本文是一篇科普文，主要介绍了城市的光污染对日常生活、天文学家的工作以及动物的生活都产生了消极的影响。在Flagstaff，Ari
10、zona已经采取了灯光管理措施。1It happened last night that _A. the citys lights affected the meteor watchingBthe meteors flew past before being noticedCthe city light show attracted many peopleDthe meteor watching ended up a social outing 解析：根据第一段最后一句“.so brightened by the citys lights that it darkened the light
11、of the meteors passing overhead.”可知，昨天晚上由于城市的灯光太亮，影响了人们观看流星。故选A。答案：A2What do the astronomers complain about?AMeteor showers occur less often than before.BTheir observation equipment is in poor repair.CLight pollution has remained unsolved for years.DTheir eyesight is failing due to artificial lighti
12、ng.解析：根据第三段“.have been complaining about this problem for decades. They say that light pollution prevents them from.”可知，天文学家多年来一直在抱怨光污染问题未解决。故选C。答案：C3What is the author concerned about according to Paragraph 4?ABirds may take other migration paths.BAnimals living habits may change suddenly.CVarietie
13、s of animals will become sharply reduced.DAnimals survival is threatened by outdoor lighting.解析：根据第四段第一、二句“.that suffers even more from light pollution. This population consists of birds, bats, frogs, snakes, etc.”以及本段最后一句“.100 million birds a year throughout.die in crashes with lighted buildings an
14、d towers.”可知，作者第四段主要叙述的是动物也受到了光污染的影响，甚至它们的生存也受到了影响。故选D。答案：D4Lighting regulations in Flagstaff, Arizona are put into effect to_Alessen the chance of getting cancerBcreate an ideal observation conditionCensure citizens a good sleep at nightDenable all creatures to live in harmony解析：根据第六段第二句“.has enfor
15、ced lighting regulations in its city in order to assist astronomers at.”可知，这条规定是为了给天文学家的工作创造理想的观察条件。故选B。答案：B5What message does the author most want to give us?ASaving wildlife is saving ourselves.BGreat efforts should be made to save energy.CHuman activities should be environmentallyfriendly.DNew equipment should be introduced for space study.解析：根据整篇文章的叙述，作者主要描述了城市的光污染对人们生活、工作以及动物的生存造成的影响，因此作者在文中呼吁我们人类的活动应该对环境有利。故选C。答案：CPassage 2Studying volcanoes is a demanding profession. Hazel Rymer frequently has to struggle through rainforests, climb to the top of mountains, then climb
