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1、数字图像处理，delphi 图像处理器 内容摘要内容摘要 图像处理技术发展到今天，许多技术已日趋成熟。在各个领域的应用 取得了巨大的成功和显著的经济效益。如在工程领域、工业生产、军事、 医学以及科学研究中的应用已十分普遍。正因为如此，图像处理理论和技 术受到了各界的广泛重视，科学工作者经过不懈的努力，已取得了令人瞩 目的成就，并正在向更加深入及更高的层次发展。 数字图像处理是一门理论与实践紧密结合的学科，它是利用计算机 对图像进行去除噪声、增强、复原、分割、提取特征等的理论、方法和技术。 Delphi 是全新的可视化编程环境，为我们提供了一种方便、快捷的 Windows 应用程序开发工具。它使
2、用了 Microsoft Windows 图形用户界面 的许多先进特性和设计思想，采用了弹性可重复利用的完整的面向对象 程序语言(Object-Oriented Language)、当今世界上最快的编辑器、最为领 先的数据库技术。对于广大的程序开发人员来讲，使用 Delphi 开发应用 软件，无疑会大大地提高编程效率。 在本次论文中,数字图像处理包括图像的格式转换、图像的点运算、 图像的几何变换、图像的增强及图像特效等。图像的格式转换中,对如何 转换为 JPEG 和 BMP 两种格式的图像做了详细的介绍。图像的点运算,对 图像的灰度、对比度、灰度直方图、反色等效果做了详细的介绍。图像的 几何变
3、换,对图像的平移、缩放、镜像、旋转等效果做了详细的介绍。图像 的增强,介绍了灰度直方图的拉伸常见处理的原理。除此之外,还对图像特 效及放大镜的应用做了简单介绍。 在本次设计中，Delphi 图像处理器其开发主要包括窗体的建立和应 用程序的开发两个方面。对于前者要求建立一个操作简洁的界面,主要应 用到 Delphi 中的 Mainmenu、OpenpictureDialog、SavepictureDialog、Image 等主要控件；对 于后者我们使用了 Delphi 中的事件和相应的函数来实现。 Delphi 图像处 理器支持各种功能，如：文件的打开、保存、另存为、退出；图像的 JPEG 格式
4、转换、BMP 格式转换；色彩的清除、反色、灰度及亮度对比度调整；图 像的平移、缩放、镜像、任意角度旋转等；并可对图像进行饱和度调整和 直方图显示等等。本处理器系统的软件平台是 Windows98，采用 Delphi6.0 语言设计，界面简洁明快，容易操作。 关键词关键词: : 数字图像处理 ； Delphi 图像处理器 Abstract The imagery processing technological development to today, many technologies has been day by day mature. Obtained in each domain a
5、pplication has been huge successful and the remarkable economic efficiency. Like in the project domain, the industrial production, the military, the medicine as well as the scientific research application by is extremely common. Because of this, the imagery processing theory and the technology recei
6、ved from all walks of life has widely taken, the scientific worker passed through the unremitting endeavor, has obtained the amazing achievement, and to was being more thorough and the higher level development. Digital image processing is a theory and the practice in close integration with disciplin
7、e, it is carries on using the computer to the image removes the noise, the enhancement, recovers, the division, withdraws the characteristic and so on the theory, the method and the technology. Delphi is the brand-new visible programming environment, has conveniently provided one kind for us conveni
8、ently, the quick Windows application procedure development kit. It has used Microsoft Windows graphical user interface many advanced characteristics and the design thought, uses the elasticity to be possible the reuse integrity object-oriented program language (Object-Oriented Language), now in the
9、world the quickest editor, the most leading data bank technology. Says regarding the general procedures development personnel, uses the Delphi development application software, without doubt can enhance the programming efficiency greatly. Among thesis this, Digital image processing including form of
10、 the picture is changed , picture some operation , geometry of picture vary , enhancement and picture specially good effect ,etc. of picture. Form of picture in changing, to how change into JPEG and BMP two picture of form make detailed introduction. Some operation of picture, grey level , contrast
11、ratio , grey level histogram , make the detailed introduction against such results as color ,etc. in picture. Geometry of the picture is varied, has done the detailed introduction in such results as the translation , scale , making mirror images , rotating to the picture ,etc. Enhancement of the pic
12、ture, Have introduced the principle of common treatment of draw of the grey level histogram. In addition , have also done the simple introduction to the application of the specially good effect of the picture and magnifying glass . Among design this, Delphi image processor their develop main two res
13、pects of development including setting up and application program that the window body builds. Demand to set up one and operate the succinct interface to the former, main controlling parts , such as Mainmenu , OpenpictureDialog , SavepictureDialog , Image applied to in Delphi mainly ,etc.; We use in
14、cident and corresponding function of Delphi realize as to the latter. Delphi image processor supports various kinds of functions, for instance: File open , save , it checks to be , withdraw separately; JPEG form of the picture is changed, BMP form is changed; The removes , adjusts against color , gr
15、ey level and luminance contrast ratioing of color; Translation , scale , making mirror images of the picture , the wanton angle is rotated etc.; And can show etc. the adjustment of degree of saturation and histogram to the picture . The software platform of this processor system is Windows98, adopts
16、 Delphi6.0 language to be designed, the interface is succinct and lucid and lively , easy operation. Key words: Digital image processing ； Delphi image processor 目 录 一一引言引言.1 1.1 DELPHI语言简介 .1 1.2 数字图像处理简介3 二二文献综述文献综述5 2.1 数字图像处理的应用5 2.2 数字图像处理的发展趋势7 三三图像处理及分析基础图像处理及分析基础.8 3.1 图像的基础知识8 3.1.1 图像文件格式.8 3.1.2 颜色模型.8 3.2 图像的点运算.11 3.2.1 图像灰度处理.11 3.2.2 图像的灰度直方图.11 3.2.3 图像亮度、对比度、饱和度12 3.2.4 图像的反色.13 3.3 图像的几何变换.13 3.3.1 几何变换基础.13 3.3.2 图像的缩放.14 3.3.3 图像的平移.15 3.3.4 图像的镜像.16 3.3.5 图像的旋转.18 3.4
