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1、记叙文,【命题探究】 完形填空考查考生语言运用与理解的综合能力。要求考生通读全文，掌握文章大意，运用词汇、语法等知识，选择最佳答案。记叙文类完形填空是高考和备考的重点。,1.首句完整，线索清楚 作者常在首段就交代人物的特征或事件发生的时间、地点，最后得出结论。 2.叙述灵活，侧重语境 文章以叙述为主，记叙人物或描述事件，作者无评论。因此，要在理解上下文的基础上，通过语境，辨析词语，做出选择。 3.实词为主，虚词为辅 高考记叙文类完形填空篇幅不长，一般在300个词左右，始终紧扣话题中心，形成一个主题连续体。重点集中于动词、名词、形容词或副词等实词上，介词、连词、冠词等虚词的考查相对较少。实词为主
2、，虚词为辅，更能体现在语境中考查英语运用能力。,1.读好短文首句 完形填空首句一般不设空，是完整的一句，信息就从这里开始，它暗示或告诉读者下文将会说什么。正确地利用首句信息对于把握答案的方向是极其重要和有效的。 2.读懂作者的态度 分析全文，弄清作者是否一直用某种态度叙述某件事情。正确把握反映作者情感的关键词。,3.掌握大意，理清角色 记叙文一般有两个或多个角色，作者对不同角色的态度是不一样的，即便是他们做同样的事情。 4.理顺事件经过 记叙文多数是按事情的发展顺序进行叙述的。理清文章的发展顺序才能把握文章的主脉。因此，先要理清人物间的关系及各自所做的事情，这样做题时可以再一次从时间上把握故事
3、的进程。,Whenever we hear about“ the homeless”，most of us think of the Developing World.But the 1 is that homelessness is everywhere.For example，how many of us would expect to see people living on the streets of a 2 country like Germany? Kurt Muller and his wife Rita have spent eleven years making 3 for
4、 the homeless of Berlin，Germanys capital.They first 4 one long hot summer when most Germans were 5 on holiday.Kurt and his wife stayed at home，made sandwiches， 6 a table in the street and gave food to the homeless.,1.A.result B.truth C.reason D.idea 2.A.traditional B.developing C.typical D.wealthy 3
5、.A.preparations B.houses C.meals D.suggestions 4.A.began B.met C.called D.left 5.A.asleep B.alone C.across D.away 6.A.brought up B.set up C.put aside D.gave away 答案 1.B 2.D 3.C 4.A 5.D 6.B,【方法指导】 1.速读全文，掌握大意，把握语境，瞻前顾后，分析选项。 本文首段讲述了Muller夫妇致力于帮助无家可归者，并申请向他们捐助，社会各界也纷纷伸出援助之手。通过上下文的叙述，“无家可归者到处都有”可知，这是一个
6、事实、真相，故第1题选择B项，第2题选择D项，而下文又提到Kurt and his wife stayed at home，made sandwiches可推知第3题选择C项，而第6题应选择B项“摆放桌子”。,2.掌握动词的基本用法以及动词与副词、动词与介词的搭配。 根据语境，推测作者的写作意图与描写目的，从而选出正确选项。如第4题作者描述Kurt夫妇初次开始这项工作，第5题“去度假”，动词be与副词away搭配，第6题考查动词短语的搭配及意义，根据上下文得出答案。 3.善用背景知识 在解答这类完形填空题时，考生要善于利用背景知识，也就是说利用所提供的上下文语境来作为解题的依据。本文是围绕Ku
7、rt夫妇助人为乐的故事来写的，这是一个特定的背景。,夹叙夹议文,【命题探究】 此类文章往往是高考中较难的题目，也是最易造成失分的一种文章体裁。从近两年的高考完形填空来看，很多的完形填空往往在平淡的叙述中蕴涵着深刻的人生哲理，鉴于这一点考生不但要理解文章的字面意思，更重要的是挖掘文章的内涵，只有做到了这一点，考生才能透彻理解文章，做好每道题。夹叙夹议的完形填空一般有以下三个特点：,1.先叙述作者自己的某一个生活经历或见闻，然后针对这一事件发表自己对生活的看法，或揭示生活的真理。 2.作者先提出一种观点或看法，然后围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例加以说明，有时也可能是用几个事例从不同的侧面来说明。
8、3.提出一种观点或见解，然后用某一事例来阐述这一观点，最后再进一步地总结和升华。,1.对于夹叙夹议类的完形填空，抓住作者要说明的观点或要阐述的生活哲理是做好这一类型题目的关键，而作者叙述所发生的事件或生活经历只是为表达其思想服务的。 2.理清文章的结构，弄清文章是先叙述后揭示哲理或议论，还是先揭示哲理或观点或议论，而后再叙述。,(2012江西)That holiday morning I didnt have to attend school.Usually，on holidays，Mother 36 me to sleep in.And I would certainly take full
9、 advantage of it.On this particular morning， 37 ，I felt like getting up early. I stood by my window overlooking the 38 ，having nothing better to do.But as it turned out，I was soon to learn about something 39 in life.,As I watched several people go by，get into their cars and drive off，I 40 an old man
10、 on a bicycle with a bucket on its 41 and a basket of rags and bottles on its backcarriage.He 42 from one car to another，washing and cleaning them.From the water on the ground，it seemed that he had already 43 washing and cleaning about a dozen or more cars.He must have begun to work quite early in t
11、he morning.,Several thoughts 44 my mind as I watched him work.He wasnt welldressed.He had on a pair of shorts and a(n) 45 Tshirt.The bicycle he rode was not by any means the kind modern 46 would want to be seen riding on.But he seemed 47 with life.There he was，working hard at his small business， 48
12、at passersby and stopping to chat now and then 49 elderly men and women on their way to the market nearby.,There was a noticeable touch of 50 in the way he seemed to be doing things 51 the windscreen(挡风玻璃)，then standing back to admire it; scrubbing(擦净) the wheels and 52 ，standing back to see what th
13、ey looked like after the scrub. It was a 53 to learn，I felt.At no age need one have to beg for a 54 if one has good health and is willing to work hard.For a while I felt 55 of myself.Young as I amjust sixteen，and there was this old man who must have been usefully engaged perhaps before the sun appea
14、red above the horizon.,36.A.forces B.allows C.causes D.forbids 37.A.otherwise B.therefore C.however D.besides 38.A.parking lot B.bus stop C.school D.market 39.A.interesting B.surprising C.awful D.useful 40.A.noticed B.recognized C.called D.assisted 41.A.back B.handle C.wheel D.seat 42.A.searched B.l
15、eft C.moved D.wandered 43.A.stopped B.started C.intended D.finished 44.A.crossed B.slipped C.disturbed D.inspired 45.A.attractive B.shiny C.simple D.expensive,46.A.repairmen B.businessmen C.drivers D.cyclists 47.A.busy B.content C.careful D.bored 48.A.waving B.looking C.laughing D.pointing 49.A.abou
16、t B.for C.with D.like 50.A.worry B.respect C.sympathy D.pride 51.A.cleaning B.fixing C.replacing D.covering 52.A.still B.yet C.again D.soon 53.A.lesson B.subject C.skill D.fact 54.A.business B.living C.success D.right 55.A.tired B.doubtful C.fearful D.ashamed 答案 36.B 37.C 38.A 39.D 40.A 41.B 42.C 43.D 44.A 45.C 46.D 47.B 48.A 49.C 50.D 51.A 52.C 53.A 54.B 55.D,【方法指导】 本文是先叙述后发表议论的夹叙夹议的体裁。 作者看到一位穿着朴素的老人在停车场起劲地擦车，
