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1、专题一 阅读理解,考点统计与考情分析,高频考点与技巧点拨,深度阅读 精读精练,考点统计(略),考点统计与考情分析,1.2015年设题类型基本与往年高考一致，以事实细节类和推理判断类为主。各个题型的分布已逐步成熟且趋于平稳，预计2016年题型分布及比重仍保持不变。,考情分析,2.题材仍然体现了来源于实际生活、紧贴时代、反映英美文化等特点。所选文章多源于国外的英文图书、报刊、网络媒体，原汁原味，地道纯正，具有鲜明的英语语言文化特点。从体裁看，文章分别属于记叙文、说明文、议论文和应用文。 3.语篇结构复杂化，句子长度、难度有所增加。行文具有跳跃性，隐含信息较多。 4.词汇运用要求高，一词多义、熟词生
2、义、词汇活用频繁出现，阅读速度要求提高。,考点1 细节理解类,高频考点与技巧点拨,考点2 推理判断类,考点3 主旨大意类,考点4 猜测类,细节理解类,常见的题干设问形式： 1.疑问句式 以5W1H(what，who，when，where，why和how)等开头的特殊疑问句。 What did.plan to do after.? Which is the right order of the events given in the passage? How did it happen? Which.is closest to.?,考点,1,2.以是非题的形式 常含true (except)，n
3、ot right/correct (except)等词语。 Which of the following statements is (not) true/correct? All the statements are true except . 3.不完整的陈述句式 According to.，before.，Americans had little idea about . To avoid attracting mountain lions，people are advised . By the first sentence of the passage，the author means
4、 that .,历年的高频考点与解题方法： 1.寻找信息题题干定位法 题干定位法是做事实细节题最基本也是最常用的方法。事实细节题主要考查对某句话或某几句话的理解，可根据题干内容从原文中找到相关的句子，然后进行比较和分析，便可确定最佳答案。“题干定位法”分为三步： 第一步：先通过题干信息来选择定位词。,定位词主要是题干中的名词、动词和数词，即问题的核心信息。 第二步：在原文中查找定位词或定位词的近义词，找出相关的句子。 第三步：分析这些句子和选项，得出正确答案。 如：2015全国B片段 Mind the colors.Research suggests warm colors fuel our
5、appetites.In one study，people who ate meals in a blue,room consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room.Warm colors like yellow make food appear more appetizing，while cold colors make usfeel less hungry.So when its time to repaint，go blue.,6.A home environment in blue can help people
6、. A.digest food better B.reduce food intake C.burn more calories D.regain their appetites 解析 细节理解题。题干中的A home environment in blue对应文章中的people who ate meals in a blue room，可知在蓝色的房间内人吃的相对较少。,B,2.语意转换题断章取义法 在高考试题中，细节理解题已由过去简单的对号入座直接答题转向通过语句的同义或反义转换来考查学生对英语语言的理解能力。解答这类题可用“断章取义法”，即带着问题，有针对性地扫读短文，迅速锁定相关词句
7、，然后寻找相关的同义或反义表述。 如：2015浙江A片段,From the very beginning of school we make books and reading a constant source of possible failure and public humiliation.When children are little we make them read aloud，before the teacher and other children，so that we can be sure they “know” all the words they are readi
8、ng.This means that when they dont know a word，they are going to make a mistake，right in front of,everyone.After having taught fifthgrade classes for four years，I decided to try at all costs to rid them of their fear and dislike of books，and to get them to read oftener and more adventurously. 41.Acco
9、rding to the passage，childrens fear and dislike of books may result from . A.reading little and thinking little B.reading often and adventurously,C.being made to read too much D.being made to read aloud before others 解析 细节理解题。题干的意思是：根据文章，孩子们害怕或者不喜欢读书是因为 。根据本段第二、三句“When children are little we make th
10、em read aloud，before the teacher and other children，so that we can be sure they know all the words they are reading.This means that when they dont know a word，they are going to make a mistake，right in front of,everyone.”可知孩子们被要求当众大声朗读，当他们不认识单词的时候，他们会犯错，而且是在所有的人面前犯错，这会让他们害怕。此题没有直接答案而是用一种同义表达的形式提示答案。
11、答案 D,3.图文转换题按“文”索“图”法 图文转换题即根据短文描述找出相应图形，或根据图形选出相应文字答案。可采用“文字锁定法”，找出描绘图形的句段，按“文”索“图”，迅速锁定相关图形。 图表类阅读题常常只有少量的文字表述，要依据所提供的图表或描述进行理解。阅读时必须弄清图表中各部分的对应关系，同时针对所设问题进行有目的地识读。也可采用“图形标示法”，在图形中标出相应的内容，以便确定正确答案。,如：2015年浙江B片段,Bar Graphs A bar graph has two axes and uses bars to show amounts.In Graph 1，we see tha
12、t the xaxis shows grades that students earned，and the yaxis shows how many students earned each grade.You can see that 6 students earned an A because the bar for A stretches up to 6 on the vertical measurement.There is a lot of information we can get from a simple graph like this (See Graph 1).,47.W
13、hat is the total number of students who earned a C or better? A.4. B.6. C.10. D.20. 解析 细节理解题。根据图1所示，C等级以上的包括A、B、C，A等级的有6个人，B等级的有10个人，C等级的有4个人，加起来一共是20人，故选D项。 答案 D,4.是非判断题对号入座法、排除法 (1)对号入座法。带着细节性问题中所给出的关键词返回原文，找出相关的词或相对应的句子，仔细阅读，从中找出答案。但需要注意的是，这些问题的提问方式往往不是直接照搬文中的原话，而是使用同义词、近义词等来复述，所以考生一定要认真审题。虽然这类细节
14、题在文章中能够找到答案，但是正确选项与文章中的原句还是会有出入的，命题者通常用不同的词语或句型表达同一个意思。如用同义词替换、词类转换、肯定否定互换等，但万变不离其宗。,如：2015浙江C片段 If humans were truly at home under the light of the moon and stars，we would go in darkness happily，the midnight world as visible to us as it is to the vast number of nocturnal(夜间活动的) species on this plan
15、et.Instead，we are diurnal creatures，with eyes adapted to living in the suns light.This is a basic evolutionary fact，even though most of us dont think of ourselves as diurnal beings.Yet its the only way to explain what weve done to the night：Weve engineered it to receive us by filling it with light.,
16、50.According to the passage，human beings . A.prefer to live in the darkness B.are used to living in the day light C.were curious about the midnight world D.had to stay at home with the light of the moon 解析 细节理解题。根据本段第二句中“.with eyes adapted to living in the suns light.”可以知道答案。其中adapted to和used to doing同义，意为“习惯于”。,B,(2)排除法。对于是非判断题中的“三错一对”或“三对一错”类试题，考生通常可以用排除法解答。这就要求考生仔细阅读文章，排除未在文章中提及或转述错误的三个细节选项，或排除文章中已知信息的三个选项，剩下的选项便是正确
