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1、专题04 Astronomy【高频单词】1system (n.) 系统；体系；制度2theory (n.) 学说；理论theoretical (adj.) 理论上的3atmosphere (n.) 大气层；气氛4thus (adv.) 因此；于是5harmful (adj.) 有害的harm (n.) 害处(vt.) 对有害6puzzle (vt.&vi.)(使)迷惑； (使)为难 (n.) 谜；难题puzzled (adj.)迷惑不解的7pull (n.&vt.) 拉(力)；拖；牵引力8float (vi.&vt.) (使)浮动；(使)漂浮 (n.) 漂浮物9violent (adj.) 猛
2、烈的violence (n.) 暴力violently (adv.) 猛烈地10globe (n.) 球体；地球仪global (adj.) 全球性的；全世界的11presence (n.)出席；到场；存在present (adj.) 出席的；到场的 (vt.) 呈递12reaction (n.) 反应；回应react (vi.) 反应；回应13unlike (prep.) 与不同；不像like (反义词) (prep.&v.) 像；喜欢dislike (v.&n.) 不喜欢14exist (vi.) 存在；生存existence (n.) 存在15gentle (adj.) 温和的；文雅的g
3、ently (adv.) 温和地；文雅地；温柔地16physicist (n.) 物理学家physical (adj.) 物理的；身体的physician (n.) 医师，(尤指)内科医生physics (n.) 物理学【重点短语】1in_time 及时；终于2in_ones_turn 轮到某人；接着3prevent._from 阻止；制止4cheer_up 感到高兴；感到振奋5break_out 突发；爆发6watch_out_for 密切注意；当心；提防7lay_eggs 下蛋8give_birth_to 产生；分娩9now_that 既然10block_out 挡住(光线)11as_we
4、ll_as 和；以及12get_the_hang_of 熟悉；掌握；理解【热点句型】1whether.or not 是否The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or_not (是否). (教材P25)2make itadj./n. for sb./sth. to do sth.This produced a chain reaction, which made_it_possible_for_life_to_develop (使生命发展成为可能). (教材P26)3now th
5、at 引导的原因状语从句.walking does need a bit of practice now_that_ (既然) gravity has changed. (教材P31)4as.as 比较结构., but it will not be as_strong a pull as (像一样强) the earths. (教材P31)5“倍数asadj./adv.as”句型But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice_as_far_as_on_the_earth (是地球上的两倍远) and fell over
6、. (教材P31)高频考点一 单词例1、harmfuladj.有害的What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas. (P26)很多科学家相信，由于地球上长期有水存在，使地球得以把有害气体和酸性物质溶解在海洋里。【归纳拓展】(1)be harmful to对有害(2)harm n&vt.伤害；损害Do harm to sb. /do sb. harm
7、 对某人有害There is no harm in doing sth.做某事没有害处(3)harmless adj.无害的harmlessness n无害【语境助记】The drought was_harmful_to the crops.这场干旱对农作物有危害。Fruit juice can do_harm_to childrens teeth.果汁可能会损害儿童的牙齿。They may not be able to help but theres_no_harm in asking them.他们可能帮不上忙，但求他们一下倒也无妨。例2、existvi.存在；生存They laid eg
8、gs too and existed on the earth for more than 140 million years.(P26)它们也下蛋并在地球上生存了一亿四千多万年。【归纳拓展】(1)exist on靠生存/生活exist by靠方式为生exist in存在于之中There exist(s).某地有；存在消极的一面(2)come into existence产生；成立；开始存在in existence现存的(3)existing adj.现存的；目前的【名师点睛】【语境助记】2016四川高考It exists in milk in great amount.牛奶中它(钙)的含量很
9、大。They cant exist_on the money hes earning.他们靠他挣的那点钱无法维持生活。There_exists a generation gap between the young and the old.青年人和老年人之间存在着代沟。Pakistan came_into_existence as an independent country after the war.巴基斯坦在战后就以一个独立国家存在了。It can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in_ex
10、istence,_such as Decio which was grown by the Romans.能看到仍然存在的传统的苹果品种，如曾由罗马人种植的Decio苹果，真是令人大开眼界。介词填空aEven though he is a little boy, strange ideas always exist in his mind.bThe old lady became seriously ill last week, and she has only existed on milk ever since.cThe Imperial Palace in Beijing has bee
11、n in existence for more than 500 years. 例3、puzzlen谜；难题vt.& vi.(使)迷惑； (使)为难How life began on earth is one of the biggest puzzles that scientists found hard to solve.(P27)地球上的生命是怎样开始的，这是科学家们发现难以解决的最大的谜团之一。【归纳拓展】(1)be in a puzzle 感到困惑；不知如何是好a puzzle to sb. 一件让人感到困惑的事情puzzle about/over 冥思苦想；苦苦思索puzzle s
12、b. 迷惑某人；使某人困惑puzzle sth. out 琢磨出的答案(2)puzzling adj. 令人迷惑的puzzled adj. 感到迷惑的be puzzled about 对迷惑不解【名师点睛】puzzled意为“迷惑的；不解的”，往往用于指人或人的表情、脸色、声音等；puzzling意为“令人迷惑的；让人不解的”，往往指物。【语境助记】2016江苏高考Many people are somewhat puzzled at the negative side of the voting, although some are quite happy with it, and acti
13、ve in doing it.尽管有些人热衷于选举，并且积极参与，但是也有很多人对选举消极的一面有点儿困惑。People have long puzzled_over how the Egyptians moved such huge rocks.人们长期对埃及人如何搬动如此巨大的石头而感到困惑不解。牛津高阶He was trying to puzzle_out why he had been brought to the house.他想弄明白自己为何被带到这所房子。What_puzzled_the_doctors_most was that they could not find the
14、cause of the disease.使医生最困惑的是他们找不到致病的原因。Im in_a_puzzle as to what to do next.对于下一步该做什么我不知道。Where the missing plane has gone still remains a_puzzle_to us.失联飞机去了哪儿对我们来说仍是个谜。The puzzled look on her face suggested she was puzzling over the puzzling maths problem.她脸上困惑的表情暗示了她正在思考令人困惑的数学问题。例4、pulln& vt.拉(
15、力)；拖；牵引力As the rocket rose into the air, we were pushed back into our seats because we were trying to escape the pull of the earths gravity.(P30)随着火箭的升空，由于我们在努力挣脱地球的引力，我们被向后推在座位上。【归纳拓展】pull away (车辆等)驶离；开走pull in (车辆等)进站；靠停pull down 拆除；(把身体)拖垮pull off (匆忙地)脱下(衣物)；(成功地)完成pull on (匆忙地)穿上pull out 拔出；驶出；摆脱(困难)pull through 恢复健康；渡过难关pull up 停车pull together (使)齐心协力【语境助记】I fe
