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1、专题01 Great scientist 第一节 阅读理解AAbout 1.3 billion years ago, two massive black holes hit each other and formed a new one. The energy set free by the collision created a ripple(波纹) in the spacetime structure and spread outward in gravitational waves (引力波)Then, on September 14,2015, a group of scientist
2、s discovered the waves. On February 11, an announcement came from the Laser Interferometer GravitationalWave Observatory (LIGO) in the US that, for the very first time, a gravitational wave was directly observed and recorded. “We discovered gravitational waves. We did it，” David Reitze, the director
3、 of LIGO, said in the press conference on February 11. “Its exactly what Einsteins theory of general relativity predicted.”Einsteins 1915 theory reimagined the framework for the universe. According to Einstein, the framework for the universeor the spacetime structureis not fixed， But changed by matt
4、er and energy “in a way a heavy sleeper causes a mattress to sag(床垫下凹), producing the effect we call gravity”， explains a New York Times article.“A disturbance in the universe could cause spacetime to become larger, break into pieces and even move up and down, like a mattress shaking when that sleep
5、er rolls over, producing ripples of gravity: gravitational waves，” explains the article.Compared with the other three forces in the universe(electromagnetism, the weak nuclear force and the strong nuclear force), gravity is relatively weak, making gravitational waves hard to discover. The discovery
6、by LIGO would open a new chapter in astronomy. “Everything else in astronomy is like the eye，” Szabolcs Marka, a Columbia University professor, told The New York Times.“Finally, astronomy grew ears. We never had ears before.”篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文中讲述了引力波的发现证实了1915年爱因斯坦的预测，这为人类更好地研究宇宙提供了可能。1What is a gravit
7、ational wave according to the text?AIts a disturbance in the universe.BIts the crash of the two black holes.CIts a ripple in the spacetime structure.DIts an effect caused by energy.答案：C 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句“The energy set free by the collision created a ripple in the spacetime structure and spread outwa
8、rd in gravitational waves.”可知，引力波就是在时空结构中产生的波纹。故选C项。2Why is the discovery by LIGO important?AIt proves Einsteins 1915 theory.BThe waves were hard to discover.CThe waves changed the universe.DIt reshapes the spacetime structure.答案：A 推理判断题。根据文章第二段最后一句“Its exactly what Einsteins theory of general relat
9、ivity predicted.”可知，该发现证实了爱因斯坦1915年提出的理论，这也是此项发现的重要性所在。故选A项。3What can we learn from the text?AIt took LIGO 4 months to confirm the discovery.BThe framework for the universe can be changed.COne produces gravity because he sletif heavily.DThere are more than four forces in the universe. 4What is the l
10、ast paragraph mainly about?AAstronomy calls for more attention.BNever before has astronomy achieved much.CAstronomy is more about what we can hear in space.DA better understanding of the universe is made possible.答案：D 主旨大意题。这一发现掀开了天文学的新篇章，根据本段最后两句“Finally, astronomy grew ears. We never had ears befo
11、re.”可知，我们将会对宇宙有更好的了解。故选D项。BMy family moved around a lot when I was growing up. In 2nd grade，I lived here in Washington DC, where I made an amazing group of friends. I was upset when my parents told me we were moving again and I would have to leave all my best friends behind.In 7th grade, we moved ba
12、ck to Washington DC. And I could not have been more excited and I felt like I was finally home again. But things had changed. There were two new girls, who decided that they didnt like me, which meant no one else could, not even all my former best friends.And then one day during school, I opened my
13、locker, only to find a note lying on the floor. The note said：Die. Nobody likes you. My heart started beating faster and I felt the blood rushing to my face. I had no idea what to do. The note wasnt signed and I had no idea who had written it, but I figured the new girls were behind it. I had to sit
14、 in class all day with my head down, wondering who else knew about this shame. I felt horrible and sure that nothing would ever be good again. I decided that the perfect way to end all of this was with another note, left on the bathroom mirror at school. Its sad for someone to bully (欺负) other class
15、mates to make themselves feel better or look cool. Bullying others is a way to impress others. Its common, but that doesnt mean its okay. Looking cool is not worth making others feel bad. Obviously Im very happy now, but it doesnt mean Ill ever forget about that note or how it made me feel. And to t
16、hose of you that are current victims of bullyingknow that you are NOT alone. It will get better. I promise.篇章导读：家庭的搬迁给孩子的生活和学习都带来了一些问题，但本文小作者以积极且坦诚的心态去面对，用颇具建设性的办法去解决，值得读者们学习、借鉴。5Why was the author unhappy when she left Washington DC?AShe couldnt adapt herself.BShe had to leave best friends.CShe was growing up there.DShe hated tra
