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1、1.4 Earthquakes单元知识预览项目单词及其词性变化（语法填空必备）重点单词1burst vi.爆裂；爆发 n突然破裂，爆发2event n事件；大事3nation n民族；国家；国民national adj.国家的，民族的nationality n国籍4ruin n废墟；毁灭 vt.毁灭；使破产5suffering n苦难；痛苦suffer v受苦，遭受6extreme adj.极度的extremely adv.7injure vt.损害；伤害injured adj.受伤的injury n伤害，损害8destroy vt.破坏；毁坏；消灭9useless adj.无用的；无效的；无
2、益的useful(反义词)use v. & n使用，利用10shock vt. & vi.(使)震惊；震动 n休克；打击；震惊11rescue n. & vt.援救；营救12trap vt.使陷入困境 n陷阱；困境13electricity n电；电流；电学electric adj.用电的；带电的；发电的electrical adj.与电有关的；电学的14disaster n灾难；灾祸15bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏16shelter n掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处17damage n. & vt.损失；损害18frighten vt.使惊吓；吓唬frightened adj.受惊的；受恐吓的fr
3、ightening adj.令人恐惧的19judge n裁判员；法官 vt.断定；判断；判决judgement n判断，判决20express vt.表示；表达n.快车；速递expression n表达expressive adj.有表现力的重点短语1right away立刻 2at an end 结束3in ruins 成为废墟 4dig out 掘出；发现5a(great) number of 许多；大量的 6give out 分发；发出(气味、热等)7thousands of 成千上万 8think little of 不重视；不假思索9blow away 吹走；刮走 10be prou
4、d of 以而自豪11instead of 代替 12be trapped in 陷入之中13be known for/as 因为/作为出名14bring in 引进；引来经典句型（高考书面表达必备）1In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat. 在农家院子里，鸡和猪都烦躁不安，以致不吃食。2Itseemedasif the world was at an end! 世界似乎到了末日！3All hope was not lost. 不是所有的希望都破灭了。4Mice ran out of th
5、e fields looking for places to hide. 老鼠从田地里跑出来找地方藏身。5. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.工人们为那些家园遭受破坏的幸存者建了住所。必备语法（高级句型）名词性从句（2）晨读范文背诵2018天津卷假设你是晨光中学的机器人兴趣小组组长李津,你的美国朋友Chris就读于天津某国际学校,他曾在机器人技能竞赛中获奖。你打算邀请他加入你的团队,参加即将于7月底在天津举行的世界青少年机器人技能竞赛。请根据以下提示代表兴趣小组给他写一封电子邮件。(1)比赛
6、的时间、地点;(2)邀请他的原因;(3)训练计划将发送其邮箱,请他提出建议。注意:(1)词数不少于100;(2)可适当加入细节,使内容充实、行文连贯;(3)开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。参考词汇:世界青少年机器人技能竞赛 the World Adolescent Robotics CompetitionDear Chris,I have good news to tell you. Im looking forward to your reply.Yours,Li Jin【参考范文】Dear Chris, I have good news to tell you. The World Ado
7、lescent Robotics competition will be held in Tianjin at the end of July so as to promote the development of robotics. What I would like to stress is that it is looking for new members at this moment. I would like to invite you to take part in it, since I know youve just won first prize in the Roboti
8、cs competition held in your institute and have shown great talent in designing robotics. Therefore, you are the most suitable person, I suppose.The training schedule, in addition to regular training, includes joining in a variety of activities, such as participating in some national competitions. I
9、will send its details to you by e-mail. I would appreciate it if you give us some advice on how to make it perfect. Im looking forward to your reply. Yours,Li Jin 语言知识精析重点单词精讲考点1burst vi. (burst, burst) 爆裂；爆发n. 突然破裂；爆发【教材原句】In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst. but the on
10、e million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.在市内，有些建筑物里的水管爆裂开来。但是，唐山市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些情况当一回事，当天晚上照常睡着了。【例句研读】(1)She burst out crying for a while, and burst into laughter for another moment, which made us at a loss.她一会儿突然哭起来，一会儿又_，这使我们一头雾水。 （1）突然笑起来(2
11、)We all thought his heart would burst with happiness.我们都认为他心中的快乐快要_了。 （2）爆发出来(3)The police burst in and arrested the gang.警察_逮捕了那帮人。 （3）突然闯进来【归纳拓展】burst out 迸发；突然发作；突然起来 burst into 闯入；突然出现；突然起来；突然发作burst into tears/songs/laughter/angry speech突然哭/唱/笑/吵起来burst out crying/singing/laughing突然哭起来/唱起来/笑起来b
12、urst in 闯入burst with anger/grief/joy 勃然大怒/心痛欲绝/乐不可支be bursting to do 渴望，急着要做(某事)at a(one) burst 一阵；一口气；一举；一下a burst of anger 怒火的迸发【即时巩固】单项填空1. One minute she burst into _, and the next she burst out _. We just couldnt catch her mood at any moment. Acrying; laughter Btears; laughing Ctears; laughter
13、Dcrying; laughing 2.Roses humor was_ make every student burst into_.Aso amused as tolaughterBso amusing as to laughterCsuch thatlaughingDso that laughing【答案】B 完成句子3.After that, he _(突然大哭起来)4.There came _(一阵笑声)5.He blew the balloon _(直到它爆裂为止)【答案】(1)burst out crying/burst into tears (2)a burst of laug
14、hter (3)until it burst考点2ruin n. U毁坏；毁灭，崩溃C(pl.) 废墟，遗迹v. (使)破产，(使)堕落，毁灭【教材原句】In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.在可怕的15秒钟内，一座大城市就沉沦在一片废墟之中。【例句研读】(1)Drink was his fathers ruin and it will be the ruin of him too.酗酒是他父亲_的原因，他也将遭同样的_。（1）失败; 厄运(2)Years of fighting have left the area in ruins.多年的战事已经使得这个地区_。 （2）一片废墟(3)A large number of churches fell to ruin after the revolution. 革命过后，许多教堂_。（3）都毁了(4)The heavy rain ruined our holiday
