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1、六、并列句和状语从句,一、并列句 1. 并列连词 (1)并列连词按照在句中的作用可分为: 表并列关系的连词(and, as well as, both. . . and. . . , not only. . . but also. . . , neither. . . nor. . . 等)、表转折关系的连词(but, yet, while等)、表选择关系的连词(or, either. . . or. . . 等)、表因果关系的连词(for, so等)。,*(2013全国卷)People can either give them as gifts to friends or hang them
2、 in their houses.,(2)when和while可作并列连词。when表示“在那时, 此时突然”; while表示“然而, 而”, 表对比或转折关系。并列连词when常用于以下句型中: . . . was/were doing. . . when. . . (正在做突然) . . . was/were about to do. . . when. . . (刚要做突然),. . . was/were on the point of doing. . . when. . . (刚要做突然) . . . had just done. . . when. . . (刚/一就) *The
3、 children were running to move the bag of rice when they heard the sound of a motorbike.,2. 祈使句+and/or/otherwise句式 (1)祈使句+and+陈述句=if. . . , +主句。 *Find ways to praise your children often, and youll find they will open their hearts to you. =If you find ways to praise your children often, youll find th
4、ey will open their hearts to you.,(2)祈使句+or/otherwise+陈述句=if. . . not. . . , +主句。 *Hurry up or we will be late. =If you dont hurry up, we will be late.,【典例剖析】用适当的连词填空 (2016四川高考)It was time for her to have a new baby, _it was also time for the young panda to be independent. 解题关键: 此处两个分句之间为并列关系, 故使用连词
5、and。 答案判定: and,【高考题组】改错/用适当的连词填空 1. (2016全国卷)If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money. (改错) _ 2. (2016四川高考)Mom has a full-time job, so she has to do most of the housework. (改错) _,but改为and,so改为but,3. (2015四川高考)In fact, I dont like to go anymore, so Im afraid Ill lose
6、their friendship. (改错) _ 4. (2015全国卷)There the air is clean or the mountains are green. (改错) _,so改为but,or改为and,5. (2014天津高考)Give me a chance, or Ill give you a wonderful surprise. (改错) _ 6. (2015四川高考)West hasnt tested his idea on larger blocks, _ he thinks rolling has clear advantages over sliding.,
7、or改为and,but,7. (2014全国卷)There were many people waiting at the bus stop, _ some of them looked very anxious.,and,二、状语从句 考点1 让步状语从句 1. though/although: 在句子中一般用了“虽然(though/although)”就不能再用“但是(but)”, 但可以与yet或still连用; though与although意义相同, 用法基本一样, 前者通俗, 口语化, 后者正式, 多放在主句的前面。,*Frank insisted that he was not
8、asleep although I had great difficulty in waking him up.,2. even if和even though的意思为“即使, 纵使”, 有退一步设想的意味, 多用于书面语中。 *Even if the connections were visible, they would remain beyond the understanding of most people.,3. as引导的让步状语从句多用于书面语, 从句常放在句首, 语序部分倒装。被倒装的部分可以是表语、状语或动词原形。若表语是单数可数名词, 则该名词提前时, 省去其前的冠词。 *
9、Tired as they were, they walked on without any rest.,4. no matter(who, what, when, where, which, how. . . ): no matter. . . 与wh-ever引导的让步状语从句意义基本一样, no matter. . . 引导的从句可位于主句前或主句后。 *No matter how dry a desert may be, it is not necessarily lifeless.,5. wh-ever(whatever/whoever/whenever/wherever/ whic
10、hever); however。 wh-ever从句中的动词有时可以和may连用; wh-ever可引导让步状语从句也可引导名词性从句, no matter. . . 只能引导让步状语从句。 *To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves off whoever we are to shake hands with.,6. while也可以引导让步状语从句, 意为“尽管”, 一般放在句首。 *While volleyball is her main focus, shes also good at basketball.,【典例
11、剖析】单句改错 (2015浙江高考)If I was only a child when I studied in that classroom, I will never forget it. 解题关键: 从句意思是“当我在那间教室学习时我只是一个孩子”, 而主句意思是“我永远不会忘记”, 主从句的关系应该是让步, 而不是条件。 答案判定: If改为Although或者Though,考点2 时间状语从句 1. when指的是“某一具体的时间”, 从句中谓语是延续性动词或非延续性动词。 *When we handed him the bag of food, he lit up and tha
12、nked us with watery eyes. 2. whenever指的是“在任何一个不具体的时间”。 *You can ask for help whenever you need it.,3. while指“在某一段时间里”, “在期间”, while引导的动作必须是持续性的。 *While he was watching Nirvana in Fire, his deskmate learned all the new words by heart. 4. as(一边一边)引导持续性动作, 强调主句和从句的动作同时发生。 *He hurried home, looking behi
13、nd as he went.,5. before意为“在之前, 在之后才, 不等就”。 *The girl had hardly rung the bell before the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her. 6. after意为“在之后”。 *Several years after theyd split up they met again by chance in Beijing.,7. till/until: 如果主句动词是延续性动词, 常用肯定式, 表示“直到为止”; 如果主句动词是瞬
14、间性动词, 要用否定式, 表示“直到才”“在以前不”, 从句放在句首表示强调, 一般用until。 *I enjoyed the long summer evenings until school began in the fall.,8. since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时, 谓语通常是短暂性动词, 主句用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。 *I have been teaching here since I left college.,9. as soon as/hardly. . . when/no sooner. . . than/the moment/the instant/the
15、second/immediately/directly/ instantly: hardly. . . when和no sooner. . . than的意义相当于as soon as, 但只表示过去发生的事情, 主句为过去完成时, 从句为过去时, 如hardly或no sooner位于句首时语气强, 而且主句的谓语要用部分倒装。 *Just use this room for the time being, and well offer you a larger one as soon as it becomes available.,10. every time/each time/las
16、t time/next time/by the time: 在时间状语从句中, 不能用一般将来时或过去将来时, 而要用一般现在时或一般过去时代替将来时。 *Next time you come here, I will tell you.,【点津】时间状语从句的3个重点句型 (1)It will be. . . before. . . 过多久才 *It will be long before they come back. 他们很久才能回来。 (2)It wont be. . . before. . . 不久就 *John thinks it wont be long before he is ready for his new job. (3)It is/has been. . . since. . . 自从以
