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1、 学号： 2009020619 姓名： 丰 慧 联系电话： 15020001658 Email： echofung 所在学院：所在学院： 外外 国国 语语 学学 院院 ii 硕士学位论文 论文题目 On the Creative Development of Symbolism in Yeats s Poems 叶芝诗歌对象征主义创作手法的运用发展 学科学科专业名称专业名称 英语语言文学英语语言文学 申 请 人 姓 名申 请 人 姓 名 丰 慧丰 慧 指指 导导 教教 师师 张京 生张京 生 教 授教 授 论文提交时间论文提交时间 2011 年年 06 月月 24 日日 单位代码 10445
2、学 号 2009020619 分 类 号 I106 研究生类别 全日制硕士 On the Creative Development of Symbolism in Yeats s Poems By Feng Hui Supervisor: Professor Zhang Jingsheng Submitted to the School of Foreign Languages Of Shandong Normal University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for The Degree of Master of Arts Sha
3、ndong Normal University Jinan, China June, 2011 独 创 声 明 本人声明所呈交的学位论文是本人在导师指导下进行的研究工作及取得 的研究成果。据我所知，除了文中特别加以标注和致谢的地方外，论文中不包 含其他人已经发表或撰写过的研究成果，也不包含为获得 （注：如没有其他需要特别声明的，本栏可空）或其他教育机构的学位或证书 使用过的材料。与我一同工作的同志对本研究所做的任何贡献均已在论文中作 了明确的说明并表示谢意。 学位论文作者签名： 导师签字： 学位论文版权使用授权书 本学位论文作者完全了解 学校学校 有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，有权保 留并向国
4、家有关部门或机构送交论文的复印件和磁盘， 允许论文被查阅和借阅。 本人授权 学校学校 可以将学位论文的全部或部分内容编入有关数据库进行检索， 可以采用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存、汇编学位论文。 （保密的学位论文 在解密后适用本授权书） 学位论文作者签名： 导师签字： 签字日期： 2011 年 月 日 签字日期： 2011 年 月 日 山东师范大学硕士学位论文 i Contents Abstract . I 摘摘 要要. VI Introduction 1 Chapter One The Exercise and Innovation of Image in Yeats s Poetry 6
5、 1.1 The Emotional Images . 7 1.1.1 Rose . 7 1.1.2 Dewdrop 14 1.2 The Intellectual Images . 22 1.2.1 The Wheel . 22 1.2.2 The Tower . 29 Chapter Two Sources of Yeatss Symbolist Theory 33 2.1 Victorianism 34 2.1.1 Matthew Arnold 35 2.1.2 A. H. Hallam and Pater . 36 2.2. British Pre-Raphaelites. 39 2.
6、2.1 Dante Gabriel Rossetti 40 2.2.2 William Morris 41 2.2.3 Walter Pater . 42 2.3 Aestheticism 44 2.3.1 Origin 45 2.3.2 Disagreement 45 2.3.3 Final Impact 47 Chapter Three The Combination of Symbol and Reality in Yeatss Poetry . 49 3.1 Biography, Background and Influences . 49 3.2 Symbolism and Yeat
7、s s Love Affaires 51 3.2.1 Maud Gonne 52 3.2.2 Lady Augusta Gregory 54 3.2.3. Olivia Shakespear 55 3.3 Symbolism and Yeats s Nationality 55 3.3.1 Background . 56 山东师范大学硕士学位论文 ii 3.3.2 Yeats and his contradictory nationality . 59 Chapter Four Symbolism and Philosophical Concepts . 67 4.1 Mysticism in
8、 Yeats s Poetry 67 4.1.1 Background . 67 4.1.2 The Cultural Context . 71 4.1.3 The Sources of Mysticism. 72 4.1.4 Acceptance and Misunderstanding of the Oriental mystery . 73 4.2 Celtic Awareness . 77 4.2.1 Genetic Origin . 78 4.2.2 Influence on Yeats s Poetry 79 4.3 Troy Complex . 80 4.3.1 Cause an
9、d Origin . 80 4.3.2 Influences upon Yeats s Poetry 81 4.3.3 Similarity and Difference between Celtic Awareness and Troy Complex 84 4.4 Binary Opposition 85 Conclusion 89 Notes 90 Bibliography . 92 Acknowledgements 94 Publications 95 山东师范大学硕士学位论文 I Abstract William Butler Yeats (1865-1939) is one of
10、the most prominent Irish poet, a dramatist, mystic and public figure. He won Nobel Prize for literature in 1923 and accomplished great achievements in the fields like Symbolism, Romanticism, Aestheticism and Modernism. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the application and development of Symbo
11、lism in Yeats poetic works. The paper consists of six parts, including an introduction and a conclusion. The first part is the introduction, in which the background of Yeats creation, the overview of Yeats life, his literary career and literary achievements are given, followed by the literature revi
12、ew at home and abroad. Finally, the application of the theory in the analysis is introduced. The first chapter explores the exercise and innovation of symbolism in Yeats poems. According to his creation, there are mainly two catalogues of image, that is, the emotional image and the intellectual imag
13、e. When he was young Yeats lived in dreams, starved for love, and expressed himself in a kind of mythology. So his early poetry is full of emotional images, and the philosophical images in his early poetry usually evoke ideas mingled with emotions, i.e. , the rose and the white birds. When he was ol
14、der he had more interest in philosophical images and welcomed the coming of wisdom with time. As Yeats longs for wisdom rather than youthful fancies and passions， his images became more and more intellectual. In old age his quest for wisdom and intellectual joy reached the climax, as is best shown i
15、n his immortal poem Sailing to Byzantium(1927). This intellectual image in his late poetry almost excludes emotions and evokes ideas only. Of these intellectual images in his late period, the most characteristic ones are the tower, the winding stair, Byzantium, the great wheel, the gyre, and the pha
16、ses of the moon. Behind these intellectual images there is an occult, philosophical background, which we may call esoteric Yeatsism and which enriches 山东师范大学硕士学位论文 II the meanings of these symbols. The second chapter mainly deals with the sources of Yeatss Symbolist theory. Yeatss symbolist theory has special characteristics. Where does his theory come from? We immediately think of one man . That man is Arthur
