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1、常用的前缀和后缀，部分国家（或地区）、语言、国民及国籍表，洲名及常见缩写词一、常用的前缀和后缀1、常用前缀aero-：concerning the air of aircraftplane-aeroplane 飞机space-aerospace 航空空间anti-：against；oppositeofnuclear-antinuclear反对核武器的matter-antimatter反物质war-antiwar反战的auto-：of or by oneselfbiography传记 autobiography自传criticism批评-autocriticism自我反省be-：to treat
2、as the stated thingfriend-befriend以朋友的方式对待；照顾little-belittle使显得微小，轻视、贬低bi-：two；twice；doublelingual-bilingual 双语的；人cycle-bicyclebio-：concerning living thingschemistry-biochemistry生化sphere-biosphere 生物圈by-，bye-：lessimportantproduce-by-produceway-byway偏僻小路；学科的次要领域，冷门centi-：hundredth partgrade-centigrad
3、e 摄氏 meter-centimeter 厘米co-：together，withauthor-coauthor合著者，合著exist-coexist 同时共存、和平共处col-：( used before l ) together，withlocation-collocation排列，配置，词的搭配com-：( used before b，m，p )together，withpassion-compassion怜悯、同情con-：together，withcentric-concentric同一中心的、同轴federation-confederation结盟同盟，联邦contra-：oppo
4、sitediction-contradiction矛盾、否定反驳natural-contranatural违背自然的cor-：( used before r ) together，withrelate-correlate 有相关性respond-correspond相符合相一致，相当类似通信counter-：oppositeact-counteract 对抗、抵消attack-counterattack反攻、反击cross-：across；goingbetween the stated things and joining themcountry-crosscountry越野的breed-cr
5、ossbreed杂种，使杂交de-：showing an opposite；toremove；to reducecode-decode 译码、解码、分析电子信号value-devalue 贬值，贬低dis-：not；theopposite ofadvantage-disadvantage不利、劣势、短处agree-disagree不同意、不一致、不适合honest-dishonest 不诚实、不老实em-：( used before b，m，p )to cause to becomebody-embody 表现、象征；包括、包含power-empower 授权、准许en-：to cause t
6、o become；tomakedanger-endanger 危及、使遭受危险large-enlarge 扩大、扩充放大ex-：former ( and still living )minister-ex-ministerv辅助; 服侍,部长wife-ex-wife 前妻extra-：outside；beyondcurricular-extracurricular学校课程以外的ordinary-extraordinary奇怪；特别；额外，临时fore-：in advance，before；in orat the frontarm-forearm前臂，预先武装warn-forewarn 预先警告
7、；事先告知il-：( used before l ) notlegal-illegal 非法 literate-illiterate 目不识丁、文盲的im-：( used before b，m，p )notmoral-immoral 不道德、邪恶；放荡的possible-impossible不可能、办不到的；很难接受in-：notdirect-indirect 间接地，婉转的sensitive-insensitive感觉迟钝，不友好的；麻木infra-：below in a range；beyondred-infrared 红外线的structureinfrastructure基础设施，基础结
8、构inter-：between；amongchangeinterchange互换、互易；交替变换nationalinternational国际的intra-：inside，within；intocityintracity市内的department-intra-departmentir-：（used beforer）notregularirregular 不对称、不规则的；不定期的responsibleirresponsible不负责kilo-：thousandgramkilogram千克 meter-kilometer千米macro-：large，esp.concerning a whole
9、system rather thanparticular partsofeconomicsmacroeconomics宏观经济学structuremacrostructure宏观结构mal-：bad or badlyfunctionmalfunction故障，障碍treatmaltreat 虐待、滥用micro-：extremely smallcomputermicrocomputer微机electronicsmicroelectronics微电子学mid-：middledaymidday 中午nightmidnight 午夜mini-：small；shortbusminibus 小汽车ski
10、rtminiskirt超短裙mis-：bad or badly；wrongor wronglyfortunemisfortune不幸，厄运；灾难、灾祸understandmisunderstand误会误解mono-：one；singleplanemonoplane单翼机tonemonotone 单调的multi-：more than one；manypurposemultipurpose多种用途的，多目标nationalmultinational多国的，跨国公司non-：notresident-non(-)resident不住在某地的(指工作)不要求任职者住在工作地点的；不住在旅馆等中的sen
11、senonsense 胡说，无聊的事物out-：outside；beyondlive-outlive比(某人)长寿; 活到(某事)已被遗忘dooroutdoor户外的露天over-：too much；above；additionalhead-overhead离地面的; 头顶上的; 上空的,架空的time-overtime超出的时间; 额外的时间费poly-：manycentricpolycentric多中心的syllabicpolysyllabic多音节的post-：later than；aftergraduatepostgraduate研究生的，生warpostwar战后的pre-：befo
12、re；inadvancepayprepay预付warprewar战前的，在战前pro-：in favor of，supportingAmerica-pro-Americaabortion-pro-abortion早产pseudo-：not real；falsenamepseudonym假名，化名；笔名sciencepseudoscience伪科学re-：again；backto the former stateunitereunite重聚，再联合usereuse 再用self-：by means of oneself or itself；of，to，with，for，or inoneself
13、or itselfemployed-self-employedtaught-self-taughtsemi-：half；partlycirclesemicircle半圆形finalsemifinal半决赛step-：not by birth but through a parentwho has remarriedmotherstepmother继母childrenstepchildren养子sub-：under，below；lessimportant；part of the stated biggerwholedividesubdivide再分，细分section-subsection分部,
14、分段,小部分,小单位,细分super-：more，larger，greaterthan usualmarketsupermarket超市naturalsupernatural超自然的，超自然的现象tele-：at or over a long distance；by orfor televisioncommunicationtelecommunication电信screen-telescreentherm(o)-：concerning heatchemistry-thermochemistrymeterthermometer 温度计trans-:across, onor to the othe
15、r side of ; betweenAtlantic-transatlantic电视屏幕,荧光屏plant-transplant移植tri-:three; threetimesangular-triangular三角cycle-tricycle三轮车,机器三轮车ultra-:beyond;very, extremelymodern-ultramodern超现代化的sound-ultrasound超声，超声波un-:notcertain-uncertain不确定的fortunate-unfortunate不幸的，不幸的人under-:too little;belowdevelop-underdevelop(使)发展不完全,(使)显影不足sea-undersea海面下的un
