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1、一致,主 谓,主 谓 一 致,三原则,一、语法一致原则 二、意义一致原则 三、就近一致原则,壹 语法一致原则,指主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致，即主语是单数形式， 谓语也用单数；主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。,eg: His father is a doctor. They are students. We love our motherland., 由and或bothand.连接的并列主语 如果该并列主语指的是两个或两个以上的人或事物，谓语动词用复数，若指同一个人或物，则谓语动词用单数。 eg：Both Lucy and Lily are students. A worker and w
2、riter is going to gave us a talk. 一个工人兼作家,用one、everyone、each one、any one、each、 either、neither等+of+名词复数做主语时，谓语动词用单数。 eg：Every one of the students is studying hard. Neither of the girls is pretty., 不定代词either、neither、the other、another、someone、 somebody、something等在句子中作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 eg：Is there anything
3、wrong with your bike? Everyone is ready for the sports meeting? There is something wrong the my bike.,不定式、动名词或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 eg：Reading is learning. To see is to believe., 主语后面跟有with, along with, except, besides, but, as well as, together with, including, rather than等词或短语，谓语动词的 数应与主语保持一致。 就远原则 eg
4、：The boy together with her parents goes to the museum once a week. All the students, including Tom, are going to the park.,由 “some of, plenty of, a lot of, most of, the rest of, all of, half of, 分数或百分数+of+名词”等作主语时，谓语动词常与of 后面的名词保持数的一致。 eg：Two thirds of the work was finished by me. Most of the comput
5、ers bought from Beijing., “a pair/a kind/a series.+of +名词复数” 作主语时，谓语动词用 单数；“pairs/kinds+of+名词复数”做主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 eg：A kind of birds has been discovered by them. Fifteen pairs of shoes are made each day.,某些只有复数形式的名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 eg：My glasses were broken. pants shoes shorts trousers gloves clothes,梦家,
6、贰,意 义 一 致,主谓一致中的意义一致不是根据其外部语法形态来决定，而是取决于主语所表达的内在含义。主语形式虽为单数，但在意义上却为复数，谓语动词应采取复数形式。主语形式虽为复数，但在意义上视为单数，谓语动词应采取单数形式。 eg: Twenty dollars is too dear. My family are watching TV.,主语为集体名词，若表示集体概念谓语动词用单数 , 若表示集体中的成员，谓语动词用复数形式。team, class, group, company, eg：My family is a small one with three people. My fam
7、ily all like classical music. 有些集合名词，形式上是单数，意义上表示复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；有些名词news, physics等，形式上是复数，而意义上表示单数，因此谓语动词用单数形式。 police,people人们 peoples 民族 eg：The police are looking for the missing child. Physics is very interesting. We all like it.,表示价格、时间、长度等的复数名词、词组作主语时，一般看成一个整体，谓语常用单数。 eg: Three years is a long
8、time. “the+形容词”作主语若表示一类人，谓语用复数；若表示一种抽象概念或品质，谓语用单数。the young / old/ rich/ poor eg：The rich are not always happy. The beautiful gives pleasure to all of us. the + 姓氏 The blacks enjoy working in China.,弎 就近原则,就近一致原则也叫邻近原则，是指谓语动词的单复数形式取决于靠近它的主语。 eg: Either he or she is wrong. Both he and I are wrong. 不是
9、 就是 要么 要么,. 由eitheror., neithernor, not onlybut also, notbut等连接两个主语时，其谓语的单复数需与较近的主语保持一致。 eg: Neither her sisters nor Mary / is going to the party tomorrow. Mary nor her sisters are going to Not only my parents but also I am looking forward meeting my uncle., There be .和Here be 两个句式中的动词be常与最近的主语在数 上保持一致。 There (引导词)+be(谓语)+主语+状语 eg：There are three apples and a banana in Toms bag. There is an apple and a banana in Toms bag. There is a table with three legs in Toms room.,谢 谢！,Thanks!,
