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1、M1U1 Grammar and usage -Attributive Clause(1),Lead in,A: That man won the race. B: Which man? A: ,the Jamaica man. 2. the man from Jamaica. 3. the man who is from Jamaica.,Attributives,prepositional phrase,attributive clause,adjective,一个定语从句可以像形容词，介词短语一样修饰一个名词。但是，他往往放在被修饰的词的后面。,A: That man won the r
2、ace. B: Which man? A:,The Jamaica man won the game. The man from Jamaica won the race. The man who is from Jamaica won the race.,一. 定语从句的基本定义,放在名词或代词后面，由关系代词或关系副词引导的修饰该名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。,被修饰的词叫先行词。,关系词的分类,关系代词,2. 关系副词,常用的关系代词有：that, which, who, whom, whose，as,常用的关系副词有：when, where, why,二. 关系词的分类,The girl
3、 that / who we saw yesterday is Mary.,先行词,关系代词,Hospital is a place where a doctor works.,先行词,关系副词,Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw the girl yesterday.,Join the following sentences:(第一句话作为主句) The girl is Mary. We saw the girl yesterday.,Step 1. 确定主句，找相同成分,Join the following sent
4、ences(第一句话作为 主句) The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.,the girl,The girl,Step 2. 把从句放到主句先行词之后,Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw the girl yesterday. The girl that / who we saw yesterday is Mary.,Step 3. 删掉从句中的相同成分，并在从句前加上关系词,the girl,Join the following
5、 sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.,先行词和关系词的关系,Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is can fly.,the machine,a machine,Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is the machine can fly.,a machine,that
6、 /which,如何选择关系代词或关系副词呢？,在定语从句中，关系词可以充当从句中的： subject 主语 predicative 表语 object 宾语 attribute 定语 adverbial 状语,关系代词,关系副词,四. 关系词的基本用法,As subject 主语 The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling. The boy who is smiling is Tom. The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face. The boy who has a round face is Tom. The boy is T
7、om. He sits in front of me. The man who sits in front of me is Tom.,As object 宾语 The man is kind. Everyone likes him. The man (who) everyone likes is kind. The woman got the job. We saw her in the street. The woman (whom) we saw in the street got the job.,As predicative 表语 Jack is no longer a lazy b
8、oy. He used to be a lazy boy. Jack is no longer the lazy boy that he used to be. 注意：定语从句缺表语时，关系代词只用that,As attribute定语,The teacher praised the student. His English is the best in our class.,The teacher praised the student whose English is the best in our class.,whose English =the students English,关系
9、词whose实际上是先行词的所有格,The house is mine. The window of the house is broken.,The house whose window is broken is mine.,whose window =the houses window,As adverbial 状语 The school is in Shenzhen. He studied in the school. The school where he studied is in Shenzhen.,在限制性定语从句中关系代词的用法：,who 指_，在从句中作 _(成分)。 (作？
10、语可省略),1） He is not the man who visited our school yesterday. The professor (who) you wish to see has come,人,主语，宾语,2) eg.Do you know the man (whom) we saw at the Beijing Hotel?,whom指_，在从句中作_，可省略。,人,宾语,(1)Im not interested in the book which has just been published. (2)My mother found the gold ring (wh
11、ich) she had lost.,which 指_，在句中作 _作_时可以省略。,物,主语或宾语,宾语,1.The season that comes after spring is summer.,that指_， 在从句中做 _,作_时可以省略。,2. Do you know the man (that) I am talking to 3.She is no longer the girl that she used to be,人或物,主语或宾语或表语,宾语,The teacher praised the student whose English is the best in ou
12、r class. whose =the students 关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格 The house whose window is broken is mine. whose=the houses window whose指_。作_。表示所属关系。,人或物,定语,关系代词用法,人物,主宾/表,主宾,主宾,人,人,人物,物,*6. 先行词是下列词时，限制性定语从句必须用 that 引导。,1)先行词是不定代词或被其修饰（all, some, any, few, little, much, every, each, no, anything,nothing, everything
13、，something等） eg.All that can be done has been done.,Is there anything that I can do for you.,2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰。,eg.This is the cleanest park that you can imagine. The first thing that should be done is to get some food.,3)先行词被the very, the only, the right, the last, just the等修饰,eg.This is the only
14、book that has been written in French. Those are the very words that he used. This is just the book that I am looking for.,4)当先行词由人和物两部分组成时， eg.He talked about the things and persons that he had visited in the city.,5) 在 who 或 which 引导的特殊疑问句中，限制性定语从句必须用 that 引导。eg.Who is the man that is standing over
15、 there. Which is the car that was made in Beijing.,Practice,1. This is the best film _ Ive seen. 2. That is the last lesson _ I gave you. 3. This is the very book _ Im after. 4. That is just the coat _ color is red. 5. That is the right place _ he works. 6. I still remember the schools and boys _ I met there. 7. Which is the bike _ you lost? 8. Any thing _ you have to say had better be sasd.,(that),(that),(that),whose,where,(that),(that),(that),6)先行词在从句中作表语时，通常用 that 引导。（常可省略） eg,.She is no longer the girl that she was before she went to the country.,7,当主语以here, th
