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1、Unit 1 Living with technology Section Grammar & Writing 语法图解探究发现Regular public broadcasting followed shortly afterwards.Many different people contributed to the development of TV.I regret to tell you that your application has been turned down.On my birthday she gave me a mobile phone as a gift.I
2、t was not until the early 1950s that most tape recorders began using plastic tape.Who can foresee what the future will bring?The first public TV broadcasts were made in the USA.However, most people still benefit from satellite TV.我的发现(1)以上各句中的黑体部分，属于及物动词的有，属于不及物动词的有。(2)从以上句子可以看出，及物动词可接名词、代词、不定式、从句、动
3、名词作宾语。由句可以看出，某些及物动词可以跟复合宾语，即宾语加宾语补足语。(3)由句可以看出，及物动词能使用被动语态。(4)由句可以看出，不及物动词不能直接接宾语；必要时，则需加介词。一、及物动词及物动词是指后面可直接跟宾语，并且必须跟宾语才能使其意义完整的动词。大部分及物动词有被动语态。(一)及物动词常用于以下三种结构中：1“主语谓语宾语”结构此时的宾语可以是一个名词、代词、动词不定式(短语)、疑问词动词不定式、动名词(短语)或者从句。He charged the battery.(名词)Eventually, his behavior satisfied her.(代词)I want to
4、 get your help. (动词不定式短语)I dont know what to do. (疑问句动词不定式)He delayed telling her the news. (动名词短语)No one can foresee what will happen in the future. (宾语从句)(1)下面这些及物动词后只能接动名词作宾语：admit(承认)，appreciate(感激), avoid, consider(考虑), delay, deny, enjoy, escape, prevent, fancy(想象), finish, imagine, mind, miss
5、(想念), postpone(推迟), practise, recall(回忆), resist, risk, suggest(建议), include, stand(忍受), forgive, keep(继续)等。Would youmind using your phone?用一下你的电话你介意吗？That young guy still denies having started the fire behind the store.那个年轻人仍然否认在商店后面放了火。(2)下面这些及物动词后只能接不定式作宾语：afford, arrange, ask, choose, decide, de
6、termine, expect, hesitate, hope, long(渴望), manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, threat, whish等。Can you afford to lend me some money?你能借一些钱给我吗？He has determined to learn French.他已决定学法语了。(3)可接不定式/动名词作宾语且意义差别大的及物动词。(4)接不定式或动名词作宾语且意义差别不大的及物动词。a表示“爱、憎、喜、恶”的情感类动词hate, love, like, prefer
7、等后接不定式或动名词作宾语时，意义虽相同，内涵却有些区别接不定式作宾语时，一般表示一次性的、具体的动作；接动名词作宾语时，一般表示习惯性的、一般性的动作。They prefer stayingindoors when it is cold.天冷时他们喜欢待在屋里。Would you prefer to stay at home this evening with your brother?今晚你想和你弟弟一起待在家里吗？bbegin, start, continue等少数几个动词后接动名词或不定式作宾语时意义差别不大。Tom began learning/to learn how to use
8、 a computer.汤姆开始学习如何使用电脑。即时演练1(1)用所给词的适当形式填空Dont forget to_send (send) my regards to your parents!Dont hesitate any more. Why not try walking (walk) this way?I still remember being_taken (take) to Beijing for the first time.Look! The light is on!But I remember turning (turn) it off!(2)完成句子你怎么这么快就完成作
9、业了？How did you manage_to_finish_your_homework so soon?他们正在练习唱那首新歌。They are practising_singing the new song.他前天到达巴黎。He reached_Paris the day before yesterday.我不知道我该怎么办。I dont know_what_I_should_do.上周一个网球砸在了我的头上，但是我尽力去忽视疼痛，认为迟早会消失的。(浙江高考改编)Last week a tennis ball hit me on the head, but I tried to_ign
10、ore_the_pain,_believing that it would go away sooner or later.2“主语谓语双宾语”结构(1)该结构中的谓语动词必须跟两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。一个是表示人的间接宾语，一个是表示物的直接宾语。间接宾语一般在前面，直接宾语在后面。Tom sent Mary a text message.汤姆给玛丽发了一条短信。(2)有时直接宾语和间接宾语可以位置对调，此时间接宾语前应加上介词to或for。主语及物动词物(直接宾语)to人(间接宾语)。如：A man was distributing leafletstothe passersby.主语
11、及物动词物(直接宾语)for人(间接宾语)。如：The woman bought an elegant dressforher daughter.名师点津间接宾语前常用to的动词有give, tell, lend, sell, teach, send, write, show, bring, pass, offer, hand, distribute等。间接宾语前加介词for的动词有buy, choose, get, make, order, sing, do, save等。即时演练2句型转换 I wrote him a letter yesterday.I wrote alettertohi
12、m yesterday.My classmate drew me a horse yesterday.My classmate drew ahorseforme yesterday.Mr. Smith gave a watch to me as my birthday present.Mr. Smith gave meawatch as my birthday present.3“主语谓语复合宾语”结构该结构中的动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分，才能表达一个完整的意思。We elected Li Yang our monitor. (Li Yang i
13、s our monitor.)The news made us sad. (We were sad.)能充当宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、介词短语、动词不定式(短语)、分词等，用来补充说明宾语。如：He appointed John marketing manager. (名词)The manufacturers made the computers portable. (形容词)I found myselfin darkness. (介词短语)The state government encouraged voters to vote. (动词不定式)Dont leave the waterr
14、unning after you have washed your hands. (现在分词)(1)非谓语形式作宾语补足语时，只能用现在分词作宾语补足语的动词有catch, keep, start等。She caught her son smoking a cigarette.她撞见她的儿子吸烟。His wordsstarted me thinking.他的话使我陷入深思。(2)非谓语形式作宾语补足语时，跟带to的不定式作宾补的及物动词有allow, ask, tell, want, wish, like, hate等；跟不带to的不定式作宾补的有感官动词和使役动词或短语let, feel,
15、notice, help, make, have, listen to, hear, see, watch, look at, observe等。His parents dont allow him to stay out late.他父母不允许他在外面待到很晚。He helped me workout the problem.他帮我解决了这个问题。(3)非谓语形式作宾语补足语时，既能用分词又可用不定式作宾语补足语的及物动词或短语有see, watch, notice, look at, observe, listen to, hear, feel, have, want, hate, get, leave等。即时演练3(1)单句语法填空(陕西高考改编)Let those in need understand (understand) that we will go all out to help them.(四川高考改编)Before driving into the city, you are required to get
