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1、 中国地质大学（北京）硕士学位论文 1 A Dissertation Submitted to China University of Geosciences for Master Degree Our country coal mine safety in production legal ponder Our country coal mine safety in production legal ponder Master Candidate: chenli Major: Environment and conservation law Study Orientation: conser
2、vation law and conservation management Dissertation Supervisor: Prof.liujunxiao China University of Geosciences (Beijing ) 中国地质大学（北京）硕士学位论文 3 我国煤矿安全生产的法律思考 4 摘 要 摘 要 2000 年以来，国际石油价格出现了连续大幅攀升，随着石油价格的不断上 升，引发了全球能源产品消费结构的逐步调整，国际市场对能源需求呈现出煤 炭、天然气消费增加的多元化道路，国际煤炭市场出现了前所未有的复苏现象。 我国作为煤炭产量居世界第一的产煤大国， 煤炭工业的地位
3、空前提高,煤炭行业 迅速发展。在蓬勃发展的背后，有许多严峻的现实问题急需解决：如煤矿安全 事故频繁发生、官煤勾结现象严重、煤矿产业结构不合理等等。尤其是安全事 故问题。 研究表明， GDP 人均 10003000 美元这个区间， 是安全生产事故的“易 发期”。目前中国正处在这一阶段，而事故高发也是不少发达国家曾经走过的 路。我国煤矿安全事故的频繁发生使许多煤矿从业人员葬送了宝贵的生命，家 破人亡；国家经济发展受到影响；也使我国的安全生产状况成为国内外关注的 焦点。因此加强煤矿安全生产的法制建设,成为当今法律人的一项重任。 本文首先概述了我国现今煤矿安全生产状况，进而对国内外煤矿安全生产 立法、
4、执法、守法现状进行比较、分析研究。国外立法主要研究了美国的联 邦宪法 （矿产资源卷节选） ， 联邦矿山安全与健康法 ；南非的矿山健康与 安全法等，国外执法情况主要对比了美国、南非、印度等国的执法现状。总 结出我国煤矿安全生产立法上的不足：立法指导思想落后；煤矿安全生产立法 上存在概念疏漏；相关法律法规之间不衔接、不协调甚至相互矛盾等等。执法 上的不足：安全生产监管机构缺乏独立性等。最后综合得出煤矿安全生产经验： 立法先行；矿山安全监督独立；矿工举报，维护自身安全；严厉处罚，高额赔 偿；重视安全培训；政府资金支持安全工作；先进的矿山救护队等。 综上， 本人在这种形势下从法律的角度对国家煤矿安全生
5、产问题进行思考， 希望通过国内外煤矿安全生产的立法、执法和守法状况的比较、分析研究，分 析我国煤矿事故多发的原因，从而提出我国在煤矿安全生产方面立法、执法、 守法三方面的建议，以对我国安全生产尽微薄之力。 关键词：关键词：煤矿 事故 立法 安全生产 中国地质大学（北京）硕士学位论文 5 Abstract Since 2000, the international petroleum price has appeared largely climbed continuously, along with the petroleum price unceasing rise, has initiat
6、ed the global energy product consumption pattern gradually adjustment, the international market presents the multiplex path to the energy demand which the coal, the natural gas expense increases, the international coal market appears unprecedentedly recovered the phenomenon. Our country occupies the
7、 world as the coal output first produces the coal great nation, the coal industry status unprecedented enhancement, the coal profession rapid development. In vigorous development behind, some many stern realistic question urgent need solution: If the coal mine security accidents have, the official c
8、oal frequently collude with the phenomenon seriously, the coal mine industrial structure unreasonable and so on. In particular security accident question. The research indicated that, GDP average per person 10003000 US dollar this sector, is the safety in production accident “Yi Fa qi”. At present C
9、hina is occupying this stage, but the accident succeeds in the imperial civil service examinations also was a road which many developed countries once passed through. Our country coal mine security accident occurred frequently causes many coal mine jobholders to ruin the precious life, was with ones
10、 family broken up and decimated; The state economy development comes under the influence; Also causes our countrys safety in production condition to become the domestic and foreign attention the focal point. Therefore strengthens the coal mine safety in production the legislative work, becomes now a
11、 legal persons heavy responsibility. This article has first outlined our country nowadays the coal mine safety in production condition, then to the domestic and foreign coal 我国煤矿安全生产的法律思考 6 mines safety in production legislation, the law enforcement, obeys the law the present situation to carry on t
12、he comparison, the analysis research. The overseas legislation has mainly studied US “Federation Constitution“ (mineral resource volume selection), “Federation Mine Security And Health Method“; South Africa “Mine Health and safety Method“ and so on, the overseas law enforcement situation has mainly
13、contrasted countrys the and so on US, South Africa, India law enforcement present situation. Summarizes insufficiency which our country coal mine safety in production legislates: The legislation guiding ideology is backward; The coal mine safety in production legislates has the concept oversight; Be
14、tween the related legal laws and regulations does not link up, is uncoordinated even mutual contradiction and so on. Finally synthesizes obtains the coal mine safety in production experience: Legislates advance; Mine safety surveillance independence; The miner reports to the authorities, maintains o
15、wn security; Severe punishment, high quota compensation; Takes to train safely; Government fund support trouble-free service; Advanced mine rescue brigade and so on. In the synthesis, myself carry on the ponder under this kind of situation from the legal angle to the national coal mine safety in pro
16、duction question, hoped through the domestic and foreign coal mine safety in production legislation, enforces the law and obeys the law the condition comparison, the analysis research, analyzes reason which our country coal mine accident sends much, thus proposed our country legislates, the law enforcement in the coal mine safety in production aspect, obeys the law three aspect suggestions, by to our country safety in production most meager strength. Key words: Key words: Co
