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1、Module 5 A Lesson in a Lab Section Introduction & Reading-Pre-readingThere are two kinds of change chemical change and physical change.In a chemical change, there is always a new substance formed. Breaking up water into hydrogen (氢气) and oxygen is a chemical change. In each of the chemical chang
2、e at least one new substance (物质) is formed. A change is not a chemical change if it doesnt form a new substance.Physical changes are very common, too. There are many examples.You can make a physical change by tearing (撕扯) a piece of paper into two, or by cutting a piece of iron with a lathe (车床). H
3、ere the paper is still paper, and the iron is still iron.Another way of making physical change is dissolving (溶解) something in water. When you dissolve salt in water, the salt disappears. You may think that a new substance has been formed. But in fact there is no new substance. The salt is still sal
4、t. You can still taste it. So the dissolving of anything is a physical change.When water freezes, the change is also a physical one.The water changes from liquid to solid. But it is still the same substance. That is why the freezing of anything is a physical change.And people often tell the differen
5、ces between a chemical change and a physical change through some experiments. In this module, lets explore the magical science world by doing experiments by ourselves.Section_Introduction & Reading Prereading,Passage AIts hard to think of a world without metals. Different metals have different uses，
6、 for example, steel is used in cars, and iron is used in electricalequipment. When we use metals, it is important to know how they react with different substances， for example, water and oxygen. The reaction of metals with these substances can be put in order. Here is a table with the metals that re
7、act most at the top， and the metals that react least at the bottom.MetalHeated in oxygenReaction with water or steamPotassiumBurns to forman oxideReacting with cold waterSodiumCalciumMagnesiumReacting with steamAluminiumZincIronReacts slowlyPartial reactionCopperPartial reactionNo reaction* an oxide
8、 another substance oxygenthink of 想出；想象句中 it 是形式主语，真正的主语是 to think of .use n用途；功能，此处为可数名词。electrical/IlektrIkl/adj.与电有关的；用电的equipment/IkwIpmnt/n设备；装备，不可数名词react /rikt/vi.(化学)反应react with 与起反应substance/sbstns/n物质when 引导时间状语从句，主句中 it 是形式主语，不定式短语是真正的主语； how引导宾语从句。oxygen/ksIdn/n氧气reaction/rikn/n反应reacti
9、on with 与的反应put .in order 把按顺序排列metal n金属at the top 在顶端at the bottom 在底部Here is a table .是完全倒装句；that引导定语从句，修饰metals。form/fm/vi.形成oxide/ksaId/n氧化物partial/pal/adj.部分的；局部的steam /stim/n蒸汽；水汽A篇课文译文很难想象一个没有金属的世界。不同的金属有不同的用途，例如，钢材被用于汽车中，铁被用于电器设备中。当我们使用金属时，了解它们和不同的物质如何发生反应是很重要的，比如，水和氧气。(不同的)金属与这些物质的反应程度可以按顺
10、序排列起来。右面表格中的金属反应最强的排在上面，反应最弱的排在下面。金属在有氧状态下加热与水或水蒸气的反应钾燃烧后生成氧化物与冷水反应钠钙镁铝与水蒸气反应锌铁反应缓慢部分反应铜部分反应不反应* 氧化物另一种物质氧气Passage BA Simple Scientific ExperimentBelow is a description of a simple scientific experiment. It shows us how iron reacts with air and with water.Aim： To find out if iron rusts (a) in dry ai
11、r; (b) in water that has no air in it (airfree water); (c) in ordinary water.Apparatus: 3 clean iron nails； test tubes; test tube holder; cotton wool; oil; Bunsen burner.Iron in dry airMethod(1)Put some iron nails at the bottom of a test tube.(2)Push some cotton wool down the tube.(3)Leave the tube
12、for one week.ResultAfter one week, the nails have not rusted.ConclusionIron does not rust in dry air.Below is a description . 是完全倒装句。iron n铁how 引导的宾语从句和us一起作 show 的双宾语。aim/eIm/n目标；目的find out 弄清rust/rst/vi.生锈airfree adj.没有空气的ordinary/dnri/adj.普通的；平常的nail n钉子down prep.沿着leave vt.使处于某状态、某地等leave宾语adj.使
13、处于某种状态。conclusion/knklun/n结论B篇课文译文一个简单的科学实验下面是对一个简单科学实验的描述。这篇文章向我们表明，铁是怎样与空气和水反应的。目的：弄清楚铁是否会在下列状态下生锈：(a)在干燥的空气中；(b)在没有空气的水中(无空气水)；(c)在普通的水中。仪器：三颗洁净的铁钉，试管，试管夹，棉花，油，本生灯(即煤气灯)。铁在干燥的空气中方法(1)把若干铁钉置于试管底部。(2)顺着试管塞入一些棉花。(3)把试管放置一周。结果一周后，铁钉未生锈。结论铁在干燥的空气中不生锈。Iron in airfree waterMethod(1)Halffill a test tube
14、with water.(2)Boil the water for three minutes. (This makes sure there is no air in the water.)(3)Put two or three clean nails in the water.(4)Add some oil to the water. This will keep air out of the water.(5)Leave the tube for one week.ResultThe nails do not rust in the tube with airfree water.Conc
15、lusionIron does not rust in airfree water.Iron in ordinary waterMethod(1)Halffill a test tube with water and add two or three clean nails.(2)Leave the tube for one week.ResultThe nails rust in the tube with ordinary water.ConclusionIron rusts in ordinary water.boil/bIl/vt.煮；煮沸make sure 确保，其后省略了宾语从句的引导词 that。add .to .往加入keep .out of 防止进入；使在外面
