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1、Module 3 My First Ride on a Train Section Grammar-过去分词作定语和一般过去时的时间状语语法图解探究发现We saw abandoned farms which were built more than a hundred years ago.For many years, trained camels carried food and other supplies, and returned with wool and other products.We ate great meals cooked by experts!The report
2、written by Zhang Li has been handed in.Recently I had my first ride on a longdistance train.During the day, I sat and looked out of the windows, and sometimes talked to other passengers.A long time ago, Australians needed a way to travel to the middle of the country.The Afghans and their camels did
3、this until the 1920s.我的发现(1)例句中的过去分词(短语)在句中作定语。(2)例句中为单个的过去分词作定语，常常放在被修饰名词的前面；例句中为过去分词短语作定语，应放在被修饰名词的后面。(3)例句中的时态为一般过去时，都和时间状语连用。一、过去分词作定语1过去分词作定语的位置(1)单个的过去分词作定语通常放在被修饰词之前；过去分词短语作定语则放在被修饰词之后，相当于一个定语从句。The government decided to rebuild the damaged bridge.政府决定重新修复那座被毁坏的大桥。I am fond of the food cooked
4、 by your mother.I am fond of the food that is cooked by your mother.我很喜欢你妈妈做的饭菜。The computer center, opened last year, is very popular among the students in this school.The computer center, which was opened last year, is very popular among the students in this school.电脑中心是去年开放的，很受这个学校的学生欢迎。名师点津有些过去分
5、词表示特定含义，单独作定语也放在被修饰的名词之后。如：left(剩余的)，given(所给的)，concerned(有关的)等。另外，单个过去分词作定语修饰代词时，应该放在被修饰的词后面。There is a little time left. Lets hurry up.剩余时间不多了，咱们快点吧。He is one of those invited.他是那些被邀请的人之一。(2)有些过去分词作定语既可前置也可后置，意义不变，但有些过去分词置于被修饰词前后的位置不同，则意义也不相同。All the broken windows have been repaired.All the windo
6、ws broken have been repaired.所有坏了的窗户已经修理好了。The method used is very efficient.所用的这个方法很有效。This is a used car worth only 5,000 yuan.这是一辆价值5 000元的旧车。即时演练1(1)完成句子The_polluted_river (这条被污染的河) gives off a terrible smell.The_excited_people (激动的人们) finally cooled down.He was then a teacher respected_by_all_t
7、he_students(受所有学生尊敬的)Most of the guests invited_to_my_birthday_party (被邀请到我的生日晚会的) were my school friends.(2)句型转换The house which was built 100 years ago stood still after the earthquake.The house built_100_years_ago stood still after the earthquake.The man, who had been disturbed so badly, almost lo
8、st his memory.The man, disturbed_so_badly,_almost lost his memory.2及物动词和不及物动词的过去分词作定语(1)及物动词的过去分词作定语，具有完成和被动两层含义。steamed bread 馒头respected leaders 受人尊敬的领导excited children兴奋的孩子们(2)不及物动词的过去分词作定语，只表示动作的完成，无被动之意。a fallen tree 一棵倒下的树a retired worker 一位退休工人即时演练2汉译英受伤的工人 injured_workers受感动的学生们 moved_studen
9、ts浇过的花 watered_flowers落叶 fallen_leaves归国留学生 returned_students3不同非谓语动词形式作定语的区别过去分词作定语表示被动或完成现在分词作定语表示主动或进行现在分词的被动形式作定语表被动和进行 不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作The meeting held yesterday was important.昨天开的会非常重要。Who is the man working there?在那儿工作的那个人是谁？The bike being repaired is mine.正在修的自行车是我的。Do you want to see the doc
10、tor to be sent for from Beijing?你想见那位将从北京请来的医生吗？即时演练3用所给词的适当形式填空Mrs. White showed her students some old maps borrowed (borrow) from the library.The room is empty except for a bookshelf standing(stand) in one corner.This is the problem being_discussed (discuss) now.The airport to_be_completed (comple
11、te) next year will help promote tourism in this area.二、一般过去时的时间状语1一般过去时表示在过去一段时间内经常性或习惯性的动作，常与often, always, usually, never等表示频度的时间状语连用。When I was a boy, I often went to play in that park.当我是个孩子时，我常去那个公园玩。He always got up late, and never had enough time for breakfast.他总是起床很晚，从来没有足够的时间吃早饭。名师点津表示过去习惯性
12、的动作，也可用used to或would, would比used to更正式，但没有“现在已无此习惯”的含义。 He used to get up early.他过去经常早起。On summer evenings they would sit out in the garden.夏天的晚上他们经常坐在外面的花园里。2一般过去时表示在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。时间状语有yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982, until, since, when 从句等。I saw him yesterday in th
13、e street.昨天我在街上见到他了。Last night we went to enjoy a good performance.昨天晚上我们去看了一场不错的演出。3有些情况发生的时间不清楚，需要我们根据语境来判断，语境中的一般过去时往往表示“刚才，过去”之意。I didnt know you were so busy.我不知道你这么忙。Your phone number again, please. I didnt quite catch it.请再说一遍你的电话号码。我没有听清楚。即时演练4用所给词的适当形式填空During his middle school years, he pl
14、ayed (play) football nearly every day.We held (hold) a basketball match the day before yesterday.When I was young, I often went (go) to swim in that river.I rang (ring) him several times this morning, but no one answered (answer) the phone.用所给词的适当形式填空1The polluted (pollute) air is bad for our health
15、.2He always had (have) no breakfast during that year.3The man talking (talk) to our headmaster is our new teacher.4The part played (play) by women in our society is very important.5She had a worried (worry) look on her face because she failed the exam.6The tower being_built (build) now in the distance will be completed in two months.7We finished the run in less than half the time allowed (allow)8What do you think of the meeting held (hold) yesterday?9A
