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1、口译成功与否在很大程度上取决于译员在口译表达前对感知的信息进行记录的能力。 记录分为“脑记”和“笔记”两种。 人脑的记忆由短时记忆和长时记忆两部分组成。顾名思义，短时记忆是一种操作性的暂时记忆，长时记忆属于一种储存性的永久记忆。影响一个人短时记忆的因素很多，其中最主要的因素是记忆内容的意义性。即便是当感知的信息有意义时，人的短时记忆只可容纳由二十多个单词组成的句子，或者一组十位数的数字。因此，对于口译工作者来说，完全依赖人脑的记忆能力是危险的，记笔记便显得十分重要。,一、做口译笔记时的注意事项 1.口译笔记应记要点，切忌求记“全”。口译笔记是记忆的延伸或补充，不应也不必取代记忆。口译笔记的主要
2、内容是概念、命题、名称、数字、组织机构和逻辑关系（如大小、先后、正反、上下、升降、因果关系等），笔记单位以表达意群的词语和符号为主。 2.口译笔记求快求精，但不可潦草。 3.口译笔记可使用来源语，也可使用目标语，也可以双语兼用。只要有利于口译的准确性和流利性，不必拘泥于某种文字或符号。例如，“联合国大会”可笔录为“UN”或“联大”。 4.口译笔记使用大量常见略语，例如：cf(compare), Co(company), eg(for example), etc(and so on), esp(especially), ie(that is), max(maximum), min(minimum
3、), ref(reference), std(standard), usu(usually),等。,二、常用速记符号 速记是一项特殊的技巧，速记语言是由一套完整的符号组成的体系。在口译实践中逐步掌握一些简单的速记符号是有益的,笔记符号,state, kingdom, country, nation, national, federal,city, metropolis, cosmopolis, metropolitan, urban, municipal,village, farm, outskirt, countryside, suburban, rural areas,右上角：人 右下角：
4、地方、地名、机构,一. 图形符号,citizen, urban residents / inhabitants,famer, peasant, rancher, agriculturist,领导，监督; 顶点，顶级，最 lead, supervise, head, peak, top, supreme, utmost, maximum, climax,universal, worldwide, international, transnational, global, transcontinental, all over the world, across boundaries,多国，其他国家
5、 other countries,国民经济 national economy,domestic, native, internal, interior, at home,foreign, overseas, abroad, alien, exotic, out of the country, beyond seas, in the foreign land,in and out of the country, at home and abroad,进口 import,出口 export,进出口 import & export,飞行员 pilot,飞机场 airport,中国人 Chinese
6、people,经济实体 economic entity,金融机构 financial institution,boss, leader, chairman, ruler, chief, manager, president, majesty, governor, director, supervisor, monitor,国家领导人，政府首脑 state leader,广场 square, plaze,宏观调控，macro-control,首都 capital city,重要 important, significant, key, critical, crucial, essential,
7、vital, eventful, principal, core, of great importance/ significance/ consequence,3. 主要 main, chief, primary, major, dominant, overwhelming,4. 精彩 wonderful, terrific, splendid, fantastic, marvelous,2. 杰出 great, well-known, outstanding, remarkable, excellent, perfect, brilliant, distinguished, notable
8、, eminent, promising, prominent, prestigious, glorious, noteworthy,5. 强调 emphasize, focus, underline, underscore stress, highlight, spotlight, accentuate focus on, lay emphasis/stress on attach importance to, pay attention to,the most important,特点，特色，特征 mark, feature, character, symbol, sign, charac
9、teristic, speciality peculiarity, attribute,2. 代表 represent, symbolize, typify, stand for, on behalf of,整体，全部，总共 whole, all, total, entire, complete, overall general, universal, integral, gross, intact,on the whole, all in all,2. 团结，统一，团聚 united, unification, gather, get together,所有国家,所有人，人民群众,主权和领土
10、完整 sovereignty and territorial integrity,会议 meeting, forum, session, seminar, conference, symposium, committee, association, parliament, council,峰会 summit (meeting),关联 link to, connect with, relate to, associate with,2. 替代 replace, displace, supplant, substitute instead of, take the place of,交流，交换 e
11、xchange, interact, communicate,2. 关系 interaction, relation, relationship partnership,双边关系，bilateral relationship,多边关系，multilateral relationship,举杯，协议 toast, agreement, treaty, contract Convention, revolution,双边协议，bilateral agreement,多边协议，multilateral agreement,发展，develop, development,发达的，developed,发
12、展中的，developing,开始 begin, start, initiate, open, originate, launch, pioneer commence, inaugurate,2. 形成，产生，出现 establish, found, create, appear, emerge, occur, come out, break out, come into being / existence,3. 医疗卫生 Red Cross, hospital, medical care medical institution,禁止，结束 end, conclude, complete, c
13、ease, stop, close, terminate, expire, halt, over, pause, turn off, switch off, break up make an end of, bring to an end, bring to a conclusion,道路，方法 method, way, road, means, measure approach, manner, access, route, course mode, by means of, by way of,歪曲 twist, distortion of fact,2. 困难，挫折 difficulty
14、, hardship, trouble, painful, tough, frustration, setback,远 far away,近 near, close,台阶，进步 step by step, progress, advance make progress,过去， 历史 in the past, history,昨天 yesterday,上个月 last month,去年 last year,前所未有的，unprecedented,很久以前，long before,未来，将要, in the future,改变，变化 change, transform,果实，成果 fruit, r
15、esult, accomplishment achievement,（使）消失，废除 delete, exclude, dismiss, erase disappear, vanish, extinct, remove abolish, get rid of, wipe out,2. 破坏，推翻，剥夺 destroy, ruin, collapse, overthrow demolish, deprive,4. 倒闭，下岗 bankrupt, lay off, resign, retire,5. 死亡，已故的 kill, murder, die, pass away, the late,6.
16、解决，达到，实现 overcome, settle, solve, address, realize, achieve, accomplish, fulfill,3. 抛弃 abandon, desert, discard,二. 人体行为符号,smile, happy, glad, pleased, excited in a good mood,unhappy, sad, unsatisfied, angry, in a bad mood,Q,1. 说 tell, state, announce, express, claim, address, declare, argue, vow, explain, Introduce, report,2. 评论 comment, remark, evaluate appraise, review,开罗宣言，Cairo Manifesto,赞扬 speak highly of, praise,批评 criticize,众说纷纭，若干说法 various opinions,改革开放
