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1、Grammar: Infinitive,不定式的几种形式,to do,to be doing,to have done,to have been doing,to be done,to have been done,必须掌握的几点:1.只能跟不定式做宾语的动词:, afford, attempt, expect,hope,manage,agree, pretend,wish, offer, fail, plan, decide, promise, intend, refuse, seem,want, happen 他们设法放火烧了那座宾馆.他们未能及时签署那项协议.,They managed
2、to set fire to the hotel.,They failed to sign the agreement.,2.要求用不定式做宾补的动词:ask, tell, invite, force, get, allow, wish, want, expect, advise,encourage,persuade, permit, order, warn, cause等.另外, be said/ report/ expected to do当沙尘暴袭击这座城市时,专家建议我们不要出门.,When the sandstorm struck the city, experts advised
3、us not to go out.,据说他们那天遭遇了飓风.They are said to have been caught in a hurricane that day.据报道火灾发生时他们正在丈量土地.They are reported to be measuring fields when the fire occurred.他们被迫把家具搬出房屋. They were forced to move the furniture out.,注意:下列两种情况中的宾补用动词原形:1.使役动词let, make, have后.医生要我在床上躺一个星期.(被动)2.感官动词notice,ob
4、serve,watch,see, look at,find,hear,listen to,feel等后.你看火山喷发了么?,The doctor made me lie in bed for = I was made to lie in ,Did you see the volcano erupt / erupting( )?,全过程,正在进行,3.几个区别:stop,go on,remember,forget,try, mean,regret我忘了把那些证据销毁.别发牢骚了.我们没有足够的时间了.我很后悔跟他交换了戒指.这就意味着他们不能接受更好的教育.,Ive forgotten to r
5、uin the evidence.,Stop complaining.We havent enough time.,I regret exchanging rings with him.,This means their not receiving better education.,4. need , want, require doing =to be done这些死鸡需要掩埋.什么引起的这些自然灾害?这个问题需要 思考.,These dead chicken need burying.=,What has caused the natural disasters? This proble
6、m wants considering.=,need to be buried.,wants to be ed.,5.but, except, besides, other than作 “除了以外” 解时, 若前面部分有行为动词do(非助动词) 的各种形式如do, did, done等时, but 之后接do sth. 反之, 后接to do sth. He can do nothing but wait. He didnt want anything but to play in the park.,E.g.: She could do nothing but_(cry). What do
7、you like to do besides _ (swim)? I have no choice but_(wait). There was nothing for me to do other than _(wait)until the meeting was over. I had nothing to do but _(watch) TV.,cry,swim,to wait,wait,watch,2. 当句子的谓语动词是cant, cant help, cant choose 等结构时, but, except后的不定式to 也省略,常译为不得不。 E.g.: We cant but
8、admire his bravery. We cant choose but wait。 She is such a lovely girl that I cant help but love her.,1. Sandy could do nothing but _ to his teacher that he was wrong. A. admit B. admitted C. admitting D. to admit,Lets try some exercises,2. -How did you spend your weekend, Jone? -I didnt find anything interesting for me _ some washing instead of my mother. A. but did B. but do C. but doing D. but to do,3. The students did nothing except _ all day long. A. played B. playing C. play D. to play,
