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1、高考单选英语陷阱词义误解型 有许多所谓的陷阱题，倒不是因为句子结构有多么复杂，用词多么生僻，而是因为其中有个别词（尤其是其中的关键词）的词义很容易误解，或是同学们对此平时没引起足够的重视，对这类词理解不准，在运用时其词义在脑海中模棱两可，从而导致做题失误。下面请看几道实例：1. Mr. Black, who is a _, is now in love with Miss Smith, who is a _.A. cooker, typewriter B. cook, typist C. cooker, typist D. cook, typewriter汉语中的“厨师”，说成英语是cook，
2、还是cooker?汉语说“打字员”，说成英语是typist，还是typewriter?你若分不清，此题将无法做对。2.They decided to _ their new product on TV.A. advertise B. advertise on C. advertise for D. advertise to D. advertise 是及物动词还是不及物动词？或者既可用做及物动词也可用做不及物动词，只是含义不同？要表示为某物打广告以便将其卖出，其英语表达是advertise sth，还是advertise for sth？这个介词for该不该用？或者用与不用有什么区别？3. I
3、 _ him not to go abroad, but he wouldnt listen.A. persuaded B. tried to persuade C. have persuaded D. was persuadedpersuade的真正意思是“说服”，还是“设法说服”？换句话说，它是表示“说服”的过程，还是表示“说服”的结果？你想知道以上问题的答案吗？请听下文分解。1. cooker是“厨师”、typewriter是“打字员”吗Mr. Black, who is a_, is now in love with Miss Smith, who is a _.A. cooker,
4、typewriter B. cook, typist C. cooker, typist D. cook, typewriter此题正确答案为B，但容易误选A，许多同学想当然地认为：cook用做动词，表示“煮饭”，所以cooker应是其相应的名词，表示“煮饭的人”，即“厨师”；type用做动词，表示“打字”，所以typewriter应表示“打字员”。而事实是：cook =厨师，cooker =炊具；typist =打字员，typewriter =打字机。比较：The cook bought a new cooker.这个厨师买了件新炊具。The typist bought a new type
5、writer.这个打字员买了台新打字机。2. twin是指“双胞胎”还是指“双胞胎之一”These _ much alike that I cant tell which is which.A. twin looks B. twins look C. twin look D. twins looks此题容易误选C，误认为twin的意思是“双胞胎”，指两个，表复数意义。其实，此题的正确答案为B，twin的意思是“孪生子之一”或“双胞胎之一”，英文解释为either of two children born of the same mother at the same time，即它指的是两者中的
6、一个，而不是两个，要表示双胞胎，要用复数twins。类似地，parent的意思是“父（母）亲，父亲或母亲”，其英文解释是the father or mother of a person or animal。要表示“父母双亲”，要用复数parents。如：Where are your parents?你父母在哪儿？Denise and Martin have recently become parents.丹尼斯和马丁最近当爸爸妈妈了。Being a parent can be hard work.为人父母是件很辛苦的事。To have good children one must be a g
7、ood parent.要想培育出好的孩子，自己必须要是好的父母。3.是advertise sth还是advertise for sthIf you want to sell your product you must _ it.A. advertise B. advertise for C. advertise on D. advertise to此题正确答案为A，但容易误选B，认为advertise的意思是“做广告”，advertise for的意思是“为做广告”。事实上，advertise可用做及物和不及物动词，及物时，其意为“为做广告”、“登广告宣传”；不及物时，其意为“做广告”、“登广
8、告”，此时通常后接介词for，表示“做广告征求”。比较：advertise for sth (sb)广告征求或寻找某物或某人(此时advertise不及物)advertise sth为登广告，登广告宣传(此时advertise是及物动词，其后要直接跟被宣传的东西作宾语)He advertised for a new secretary.他登广告招聘一名新秘书。People advertise things that they wish to sell.人们为要卖的东西登广告。再比较：advertise jobs登广告招人，advertise for jobs登广告求职(1) We must _
9、 the people heart and soul.A. serve B. serve for C. serve to D. serve on答案选A，serve意为“为服务”，可直接用做及物动词，其后不能按汉语意思误加介词for。(2) I _ you yesterday, but you werent in.A. rang B. rang to C. rang with D. rang to答案选A，ring可以用做及物动词，表示“给打电话”，故其后不用介词。(3) How can I _ you?A. contact B. contact with C. contact to D. c
10、ontact for答案选A，contact为及物动词，表示“与联系”，其后不接介词。4. choose后介词from可以省略吗There are five pairs, but Im at a loss which _ to buy.A. to be chosen B. to choose from C. to choose D. for choosing此题容易误选C，其实应选B。choose表示“选择”，其实是指“选择出来”(pick out)，而不是指“从选择”，要表示后者的意思，要用choose from，有时也用choose among。同样地，下面两例中的介词from也不可省略：
11、Here are some books for you to choose from. 这些书可供你选择。There are too many cakes to choose from. 蛋糕太多了，不知要选哪个好。比较：He didnt know what to choose.他不知道选什么。He didnt know what to choose from.他不知道从哪儿去选。5.这个when是表示“当的时候”吗They kept trying _ they must have known it was hopeless.A. if B. because C. when D. where此
12、题最佳答案为C，when在此的意思不是“当的时候”，而是“尽管”、“虽然”的意思。又如：He walks when he might take a taxi.尽管他可以坐出租车，但他却走路。He stopped trying when he might have succeeded next time.尽管他本来下次就可以成功的了，但他却停止努力了。The boy was restless when he should have listened to the teacher carefully.这男孩子本来应该专心听老师讲的，但他却坐立不安。有许多同学只知道when表示“当的时候”，而不知道
13、它还有其他许多意思，除上面提到的表示“尽管”、“虽然”外，when还可表示“既然”、“考虑到”。如：Why do you want a new job when youve got such a good one already? 既然你有了这么好的一份工作，你为什么还要找新的工作呢？6. persuade是“说服”还是“设法说服”I _ him not to go abroad, but he wouldnt listen.A. persuaded B. tried to persuade C. have persuaded D. was persuaded此题正确答案为B，但容易误选A。p
14、ersuade的真正意思是“说服”，而不是“设法说服”，要表示后者的意思英语应用try to persuade (当然也可用其他词，如advise等)。类似地：kill的意思是“杀死”，不表示“设法杀死”，要表示后者的意思英语用try to kill；prevent 的意思是“阻止”，不表示“设法阻止”，要表示后者的意思英语用try to prevent等等。(4) “What did he ask you?” “_ I would be late.”A. That B. When C. Where D. Whether此题选D，为He asked me whether I would be late.之省略。3. If not, not作何解If the weather is fine, well go. If _, _.A. not, not B. no, no C. not, no D. no, not此题应选A。If not, not.为If the weather is NOT fine, we will NOT go.之省略，全句意为“如果天气好,我们就去；如果天气不好，我们就不去”。该句的特点是：后句与前句的用词和句式完全相同,只是前句为肯定，后句为否定，为了简洁起见
