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1、Unit4 period7 grammar 导学案一 学习目标：1学习理解定语从句、先行词和关系词的概念。2掌握关系代词在定语从句中所做成分及位置。3合作、探究，通过对例句的分析，理解关系词的二重性.二 教学过程：Part 1 【预习案】依照课文填空,并分析句子结构，找出它们的共同点。1. But the one million people of the city, _thought little of these events, went to bed as usual that night. 但是，唐山市的一百万居民当天晚上照常上床睡觉了，他们几乎都没有把这些情况当一回事。2. It w
2、as felt in Beijing, _is one hundred kilometers away.100千米以外的北京市都听到了地震声。3. A huge crack _was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide cut across houses, roads and canals.一条8千米长30米宽的巨大裂缝横穿房舍、马路和渠道。6. Workers built shelters for survivors _homes had been destroyed.救援人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所。Part 2 【探究一】一
3、、自我感知：1. A: Do you know the man?B: He spoke just now.A+B: Do you know the man_?2. A: The girl is from America.B: I called her just now.A+B: The girl (whom ) _ is from America.3.A: The apple is mine. B: The apple is red. A+B: The apple _is mine.上述1、2当中的A+B部分即为一个含有定语从句的主从复合句。二、概念：1、定义：对某一名词/ 代词或句子起修饰、
4、限制的从句叫定语从句。其功能为：给我们提供有关sb/ sth更多、更具体的信息。其作用为“识别”：即让我们一目了然地知晓 “它指什么，指谁，是哪一个”的问题。例： which I bought yesterday.1) This is the book which he borrowed from the library. which Mary lost last week. which I like best. who is the first one on the left in Row 2?2) Do you know the boy/ girl who is wearing a cap
5、? who spoke just now? who is taking pictures?2、定语从句所涉及的两个专用名词A. 先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词/ 代词或句子。通常在关系词的直接前面。B. 关系词：引导定语从句的词。3、关系词的二重性性质1：关系词可以代替先行词，故被其替代后的先行词在从句中不再出现。性质2：关系词可以在从句中充当主语、宾语或状语三大成分（whose除外）。例句呈现：1) He is the man who/ whom I saw last night.2) Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress that/ which
6、 I gave her.3) A plane is a machine that can fly.4) The gifts that/ which were sent to Jack were expensive.5) The teacher whom you are waiting for is coming.探究：1) 用“”划出先行词。用“_”划出关系词。2) 你能看出关系词在从句中的成分吗？请用“”标明它在句中的位置。Part 3 【探究二】归纳总结确定关系词的步骤： （1） 先找先行词，看先行词指的是什么。 （2）看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。关系代词的用法关系代词指代 在从句中的作
7、用 that which who whom whose(=of which) Part 4 【深入探究】（自选内容）使用定语从句时特别注意的几个问题1、that与which的区别。1）用that而不用 which的情况:1_2_3_4_5_2）用which而不用 that的情况：1_2_3_2 、as 引导定语从句时与which的区别as引导限制性定语从句通常用于the same as, such as结构中。Such machines _are used in our workshop are made in China. I want the same shirt _my friends.
8、as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，用来修饰整个句子. which 非限制定语从句只在主句之后。3 Whose 指人，也可指物，定语。I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. He has a friend whose father is a doctor. I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in. 注意：whose + n. 可用下列结构来代替： the +n. +of which 或of which + the +n.T
9、he classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.The classroom _ is broken will soon be repaired.Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?Do you like the book _ is yellow? 4 先行词the way 如果the way在定语从句中作状语则用that/in which引导定语从句，关系词也可以省略。如作主、宾、表则用that或which.The way_ he answered the questions wa
10、s surprising.Part 5【当堂检测】用that，which，who或whom填空。1. Look at that lady _ name is Pochi.2. He is a teacher _ I like very much.3. Those pictures _ were drawn by Tom are nice.4. Those _ will go to the park stay here.5. That was all the money _ I had.【课后练习】1.单项选择1) The comrade_ visited our class yesterday
11、 is our new headmaster.A. who B. which C. whom D. whose2) Jane has borrowed the book _ was written by Laoshe（老舍）.A. whose B. who C. whom D. that3) In the dark street, there wasnt a single person to _ she could turn for help.A. whom B. whose C. which D. that4) Im not interested in the book _ has just
12、 been published.A. which B. who C. whose D. whom5) Thats the only thing _ we can do now. A. which B. that C. who D. whose6) The girls _ are picking cotton in the fields are his students.A. who B. which C. those D. whom7) The boy _ is cleaning the blackboard now is Toms best friend.A. that B. whom C. whose D. he8)
