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1、代 词,( pron.),一、人称代词、物主代词、反身代词一表清,（一）人称代词的语序：,单数形式：（二、三、一） 即：you/ he/ I You, she and I all enjoy the music. 复数形式：（一、二、三） 即；we/ you/ they,（二）、名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词,形容词性物主代词在句中做定语修饰名词，一般不单独使用。 名词性物主代词常用来避免与前面提及的名词重复，相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”。 注意：名词性物主代词在句中所指代的关系是单数还是复数。 These books arent ours. Ours are new. (our boo
2、ks = ours) This is not our room. Ours is over there. (our room = ours),“of +名词性物主代词”表示所属 A sister of his is a nurse. 他的一个妹妹是个护士。 Tom is a friend of mine 我的一个朋友,1. She is a friend of _. A. my B. mine C. I 2. This isnt my pen ,it is _. A. her B. his C. him 3. Frank cant find _ dictionary . Can you len
3、d _ to _? A. her , mine , her B. / , yours , he C. his , yours , him,二、it的用法,it既是宾格又可以做主格，有时也可以指人。 1. 代表前面提到过的事物。如： My pen is missing. I cant find it anywhere. 2. 用来指人，主要指婴儿或者身份不明的人。 -Who is knocking at the door? -It is me. The woman had a baby. It was five months old.,二、it的用法,3. 表示时间、距离、天气等。如： It w
4、ill be sunny tomorrow. 4. 作形式主语或者形式宾语。如： I found it difficult to learn English well first. It is impossible for us to learn a foreign language.,it 固定句型 1. 做某事情对某人来说是 It is + adj. (+for sb.) +to do sth. It is hard for me to do this work. 2. 轮到某人做 Its ones turn to do sth. Its your turn to clean the ro
5、om. 3. 是（某人）做某事的时候了 Its time (for sb.) to do sth. Its time for you to do the homework. 4. 据说 Its said that Its said that your teacher leave our school.,5. 某人花费做某事 It takes sb. some time to do sth. 6. 自从以来，已经有（时间）了。 It is / has been + 时段 + since + 从句(过去时) 7. 某人发现/认为/感觉到做某事是的 find sb. think feel,+ it
6、+ adj. to do,I found _ very difficult to make progress in my study . A. its B. it C. that 2. It _ my father a whole month to go on business . A. spent B. cost C. took 3. It is great fun _ surfing on the Internet . A. go B. to go C. going,三、反身代词的用法,定义：反身代词又称自身代词，由第一人称、第二人称形容词性物主代词和第三人称人称代词宾格，单数加词尾sel
7、f、复数加词尾selves 构成，可用口诀简记如下： 反身代词表自身，self与selves单数、复分。 一、二人称形代后，第三人称改用宾。,三、反身代词的用法,（一）作动词的宾语 反身代词可以与enjoy, hurt, teach, look after等词连用，表明动作的承受者就是主语本身。 1. enjoy oneself = have a good time Did you enjoy yourself at the party last night? 2. help oneself (to sth.) 随便吃点什么，后面可接食物，一般用在宴会当中，用来招呼客人的用语。 Help yo
8、urselves to some fruit, children.,三、反身代词的用法,3. hurt oneself 伤着自己 She didnt hurt herself. 4. teach oneself = learn by oneself自学 Did you teach yourself English ? = Did you learn English by yourself? 5. look after oneself 照顾自己 I can look after myself well, thanks.,三、反身代词的用法,6. say to oneself自言自语 Mary s
9、aid to herself, “ What shall I do?” 7. come to oneself苏醒 Soon the lady came to herself. 8. make oneself + 过去分词，使自己被别人 She did her best to make herself understood.,9. make yourself at home别客气，让自己像在家一样 Help yourself to some fish. Make yourself at home. 10. lose oneself in沉浸于陶醉于 They both lost themselv
10、es in the beautiful music.,三、反身代词的用法,（二） 反身代词和介词连用构成介词宾语 1. by oneself = alone自己做 She has done her homework by herself. 2. for oneself为自己 She made the skirt for herself. 3. of oneself自然而然的、自动的 The door opened of itself. 4. among themselves在他们中间 They are discussing the matter among themselves.,三、反身代词
11、的用法,（三）作表语 反身代词可与be动词或系动词连用，表示或描述一种感觉、情绪或状态。 The little boy was myself. （四）用作主语或宾语的同位语，往往用来加强名词或代词的语气，在句中可置于名词、代词之前、之后或句子末尾。 1. 作主语的同位语 You will have to do it yourself. He himself wrote the words and music of the songs. 2.作宾语的同位语 I will give the letter to your brother himself. Youd better ask Mary h
12、erself about it.,The man is rich , he can buy _ a lot of things . A. he B. his C. himself 2. - What a lovely card ! Where did you buy it? - I made it by _. A. me B. myself C. itself 3. “Help _ to some chicken ,”my mother said to the guests. A. yourself B. yourselves C. your,四、指示代词this/ that/ these/
13、those,指示代词(this, that, these, those)在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语： This is yours and that is mine. I like these and he likes those. These computers are cheap. What I want to say is this. 【说明】指示代词用作主语和定语时，可指人或物；用作宾语和表语时，只指物。如This is my father. this 在句中作作主语，可以指人， 但是在Do you know this? 中，this作宾语，此句只能理解为“你知道这个情况吗？”不能
14、理解为“你认识这个人吗？”,this 与 that用法比较 1. 用来回指上文提到的事情时，可用this 或 that，但是若要指下文叙述的事情，通常要用 this： She married Jim, and this that surprised me. I want to know this: Is he healthy? 我想知道这一点：他是否很健康。 2. 在打电话时，通常用 this 指自己，用 that 指对方： Hello. This is Jim. Is that John? 喂,我是吉姆,你是约翰吗?,表替代的that 与 those 有时为了避免重复，可用 that 和 t
15、hose 代替前面提到的名词： The population of China is much larger that that of Japan. 中国人口比日本人口多得多。(that = the population) His views are close to those of the Socialist Party. 他的观点接近社会党的观点。(those = the views),That和those可作定语从句的先行词，但this和 these不能，同时，在作先行词时，只有those可指人，试比较： He admired that which looked beautiful.
16、他赞赏外表漂亮的东西。 He admired those who looked beautiful. 他赞赏那些外表漂亮的人。（those指人） He admired those which looked beautiful. 他赞赏那些外表漂亮的东西。（those指物）,指示代词, The population of Shanghai is larger than _ of Jinan. A. that B. this C. it The radios made in Beijing are as good as _ made in Qingdao. A. that B. these C. those What I want to tell you is _the film w
