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1、Unit 3 life in the future,Grammar Verb-ed form,Unit 3,1.These are babies who are cloned. They are_ (clone) babies.,2.There are two glasses which are broken. There are two _ (break) glasses.,cloned,broken,A verb-ed form can be used as an attribute(定语): ( passive meaning),1. Japan is a _ country.,deve
2、loped,2. He is a _teacher.,retired,A verb-ed form can be used as an attribute(定语): ( past meaning),A verb-ed can appear after a noun to modify the noun like an attribute does.,1.This is a house that was burnt down in the fire yesterday. This is a house_ _ in the fire yesterday.,burnt down,2.This is
3、a bowl that was found in the tomb. This is a bowl _ in the tomb.,found,1. When the cat found all fish gone, it felt_ (surprise).,surprised,2.The boys are playing foot- ball. They are very _ (delight).,delighted,A verb-ed form can be used as predicative(表语).,A verb-ed form can be used as an object co
4、mplement(宾补).,1. After the robbery, they found the window_.,broken,2. After the flood, we found some people _ in the water.,trapped,Find three more sentences with past participles used as the adverbial.,. Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days. . Hit by a lack of fresh air
5、, my head ached. . Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast sleep.,Past participle (3) used as Adverbial & Attribute,_ (attack) by a wolf, the sheep was very afraid.,Attacked,When the sheep is attacked by a wolf, it is very afraid.,Greatly _(touch) by the teachers words, she did a lot of things to h
6、elp her classmates.,touched,Because the girl was greatly touched by her teachers words, she did a lot of things to help her classmates.,1)Attacked by a wolf, the sheep was very afraid. 2)Greatly touched by the teachers words, she did a lot of things to help her classmates.,The past participle(过去分词)
7、is used as adverbial.(状语),过去分词作状语 1. 过去分词作状语过去分词作状语表示_的和_的动作。,2. 过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语， 此时应注意主语人称一致。,被动,完成,The sheep was very afraid,The sheep was attacked by a wolf.,Summary,过去分词表完成、被动, 作状语时,其逻辑主语是主句的主语, 且与主语之间存在着被动关系。过去分词作状语可表时间, 原因, 让步, 结果, 方式, 条件等。,过去分词作时间状语(when,while,until),1. When it is heated,
8、 ice will be changed into water. When heated, ice will be changed into water.,过去分词作原因状语,1. Since/ As she was given advice by the famous detective, the young lady was no longer afraid. Given advice by the famous detective, the young lady was no longer afraid.,2. Because it was done in a hurry, his ho
9、mework was full of mistakes. Done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes.,过去分词作条件或者假设状语(if,unless),If they had been given more attention, the cabbages could have grown better. Given more attention, the cabbages could have grown better.,2. If I am compared with you, I still have a long way to
10、go. Compared with you, I still have a long way to go.,作方式或伴随情况状语(相当于and连接的并列句),The hunter left his house, and he was followed by his dog. The hunter left his house, followed by his dog.,2. She sat by the window, and she was lost in thought. She sat by the window, lost in thought. lost 表示一种迷失心理状态,1)
11、过去分词在句子中可以作时间状语、原因状语、伴随状语、条件状语和让步状语等,表被动或完成。 2) 过去分词作状语时,过去分词的逻辑主语与句子主语一致。,Summary,The teacher entered the office, and she was followed by a group of students.,（方式，伴随状语）,Followed by a group of students, the teacher entered the office.,If we are united, we stand; if we are divided, we fall.,United, w
12、e stand; divided, we fall.,（条件状语）,用过去分词作状语来改写句子。,As I was worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days. _ , I was unsettled for the first few days.,Worried about the journey,2. If he is given time, hell make a first-class tennis player. _ , hell make a first-class tennis player.
13、 3) As I was confused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the lack of fresh air. _, I was hit by the lack of fresh air.,Given time,Confused by the new surroundings,4) When he was questioned by the police about the fire, he became tense. _ _, he became tense.,Questioned by the police about the fire
14、,1. Asked what had happened, he told us about it. When he was asked what had happened, he told us about it. 2. Well known for his expert advice, he received many invitations to give lectures. Because he was well known for his expert advice, he received many invitations to give lectures.,3. Given mor
15、e time, we would be able to do the work much better. If we were given more time, we would be able to do the work much better. 4. Left alone at home, Sam did not feel afraid at all. Although he was left alone at home，Sam did not feel afraid at all.,过去分词作定语有前置和后置两种情况:,单个的过去分词作定语, 通常放在被修饰的名词之前, 表示被动和完成意义。,1.前置定语,被动意义：,an honored guest,一位受尊敬的客人,(受伤的工人)are now being taken good care of in the hospital.,B.完成意义,a retired teacher,一位退休的教师,They are cleaning (落叶) in the yard.,The injured workers,the fallen leaves,2.后置定语,过去分词短语作定语时, 通常放在被修饰的名词之后, 它的作用相当于
