《高三一轮复习定语从句总结剖析.》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高三一轮复习定语从句总结剖析.（83页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、定语从句,The Attributive Clause,定语的位置 I like the green team. I like the team in green. I like the team who were wearing green.,这是我的杯子 This is my cup. 这是装满水的杯子。 This is the cup full of tea. 这是我喝茶用的杯子。 This is the cup which I drink tea with.,当你用一个词不能尽情表达你想说的意思时， 就用短语； 如果短语还不能满足，就用从句。,为什么用 定语从句,定语从句的定义,定语从
2、句，也称关系从句和形容词性从句，由关系代词或关系副词引导，用来限制，描绘或说明主句中的某一个名词或代词（有时也可以说明整个句子或主句中的一部分），即句子作定语。,The girl who is standing there is Mary. 先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。 关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。,先行词 + 定语从句 （ 名词/代词 ） +（关系词其他成分）,关系词引导定语从句, 起着连接主从句， 指代先行词和在从句中作句子成分的三重作用。,先行词,关系词,定语从句,1.连接作用:引导从句并同时连接主句. 2.指代作用:在从句中指代它前面的先行词. 3.成分作用:在从句中充
3、当成分.如:主语(who,that,which);宾语(who, whom,which,that); 表语(that,as);定语(whose,of whom/which);时间状语(when),地点状语(where)和原因状语(why). 说明:关系代词在从句中作宾语时可省略,其他成分一般不可省略.,判断是定语从句的三要素,1. 看是否有先行词。 2 看是否有关系词。 3 看是否关系词在定语从句中做成分。,This is the cup which I drink tea with.,The girl who is standing there is Mary.,This is the sc
4、ientist whose name is known all over the country.,先行词,关系词,定语从句,先行词,关系词,定语从句,先行词,关系词,定语从句,关系词在定语从句中做主语,关系词在定语从句里做宾语。,关系词在定语从句中做定语。,October 1,1949 was the day when the Peoples Republic of China was founded. This is the place where my mother was born. I dont know the reason why she looks unhappy today,
5、先行词,关系词,定语从句,关系副词在定语从句中时间状语。,先行词,关系词,关系副词在定语从句中地点状语。,定语从句,先行词,关系词,关系副词在定语从句中原因状语。,定语从句,引导定语从句的关系代词,作表语,that,that / which,是,在定语从句中用什么关系词的方法,1.看先行词是什么. 2.看关系词在定语从句中做什么成分. 主语(who,that,which);宾语(who, whom,which,that); 表语(that,as);定语(whose,of whom/which);时间状语(when),地点状语(where)和原因状语(why).,Titanic is the s
6、hip _ sank after hitting an iceberg.,that/which,Rose and Jack are the lovers _ met on the ship.,who/that,3. The house they built in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake.,1. The earthquake hit the city in 2008 was the biggest in Chinese history.,2. We dont know the number of people lost their homes in 19
7、06 earthquake,that / which,that / who,（which /that）,4. The students are talking about the strange stories and persons _ they met in the village. 5. Harry is the boy _ mother is our maths teacher . 6. Luckily none of the people _ I know were killed in the earthquake .,(who/whom/that),whose,(that),1.
8、先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时用that，而不用which,The first place _ they visited was Yangzhou. This is the third film _ has been shown in our school this term.,The most important thing _ should be done now is to study English.,(that),that,that,(that),This is the best film _ I have seen.,2. 先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时用that， 而用which
9、,.先行词由指人和指物的名词并列构成时用that，而不用which,The writer and his novel _ you have just talked about is really well known. The bike and its rider _ had run over an old woman were held up by the police.,There is nothing _ they want to buy. That is all _ I want to say.,(that),(that),(that),that,4 .先行词是all, much, l
10、ittle, few, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词用that，而不用which,5 .先行词被any, few ,little, no, all, one of, the same , the very, the only , just the等词修饰时 The only thing _ we could do was to wait. This is one of the presents _ my boy friend gave me on my birthday.,6 .如有主句含两个定语从句，
11、其中一个关系代词已用which，另一个关系代词则宜用that,以避免语言的单调或重复。 Edison built up a factory which produced things _ had never been seen before.,(that),(that),that,7. 主句已有疑问词which时,避免与先行词重复。 Which is the book _ he put here just now?,that,8. 主句是There be结构，修饰其主语的定语从句宜用that指代物。 Theres still a seat in the corner that is still
12、 free。,10.被修饰词为数词时。 Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water. Now you can see the two that are still alive.,先行词指物时定语从句中关系代词宜用that，不宜用which的情况：,先行词指物时定语从句中关系代词宜用which而不宜用that的情况 This is the liberary from which I borrowed the book. Is this the room in which Mr White lives? Crusoes
13、dog, which was now very old, became ill and died.,1、当关系代词前面有介词时，且关系代词一律不能省略。,2、在非限制性定语从句中。,3、当关系代词指代前面整个句子时 He passed the exam, _ made his father very happy.,which,小结：关系代词指物时用法要点,定语从句中先行词指物宜用that，不宜用which的情况. 1.先行词是最高级形容词或它的前面有最高级形容词时. 2.先行词是序数词,或它前面有一个序数词时. 3.先行词既有人又有物时 4.先行词是all, much, little,some
14、thing,everything, anything, nothing, none,the one等代词时 5.先行词any, few,little,no, all, one of,the same, the very, the only, just the等词修饰时 6.如有主句含两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用which，另一个关系代词则宜用that,以避免语言的单调或重复。 7.主句已有疑问词which时 8.主句是There be结构，修饰其主语的定语从句宜用that指代物。 9.被修饰词为数词时。,先行词指物时定语从句中关系代词宜用which而不宜用that的情况。 1.关系代词前
15、有介词时,只用which，且关系代词一律不能省略。 2.在非限定性定语从句中，只用which，不用that。 3.当关系代词指代前面整个句子时。,先行词指人时定语从句中关系代词宜用who而不宜用that的情况： 、先行词为one, ones, anyone或those时。 The person I want to learn from is one who studies hard and works well. Anyone who failed to come to the meeting yesterday must give his reason. Those who are not fit for their work should leave office at once.,在There be结构中，修饰主语的定语从句宜用 关系代词who指代人。 Theres a gentleman who wants to see you. There are several students in our class who are still not sure about the use of attributive clause.,关系代词与介词 1. 当介词放在关系代
