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1、英语语言学试题（2）一、单项选择题(在每小题的四个备选答案中，选出一个正确答案，并将正确答案的序号填在题干的括号内。每小题2分，共20分)1.The pair of words “lend”and “borrow”are _.( ) A.gradable opposites B.relational opposites C.co-hyponyms D.synonyms2.The discovery of Indo-European language family began with the work of the British scholar .( ) A.Jacob Grimm B.Ra
2、smus Rask C.Franz Bopp D.Sir William Jones3.A linguist regards the changes in language and language use as _.( ) A.unusual B.something to be feared C.abnormal D.natural4._produce fast and fluent speech with good intonation and pronunciation but the content of their speech ranges from mildly inapprop
3、riate to complete nonsense,often as unintelligible.( ) A.Brocas aphasic B.The linguistic deprivation C.The damage on the angular gyrus D.Wernickes aphasic5.Some Southern learners of English in China tend to say “night” as “light”.This shows: .( ) A.They cannot pronounce/n/ B.Interlangue interference
4、 because there is notthe sound /n/in their mother tongue C.The teachers do not have a good teaching method D.They do not like to pronounce nasal sounds6.A word with several meanings is called _word.( ) A.a polysemous B.a synonymous C.an abnormal D.a multiple7.The function of the sentence “A nice day
5、, isnt it?”is _.( ) A.informative B.phatic C.directive D.performative8.The most recognizable differences between American English and British English are in _ and vocabulary.( ) A.usage B.grammar C.pronunciation D.structure9._deals with the way in which a language varies through geographical space.(
6、 ) A.Linguistic geography B.Lexicology C.Lexicography D.Sociolinguistics10.The semantic components of the word “gentleman” can be expressed as _.( ) A.+animate,+male,+human,-adult B.+animate,+male,+human,+adult C.+animate,-male,+human,-adult D.+animate,-male,+human,+adult二、填空题(每空1分，共10分)11.A sentenc
7、e is a structurally independent unit that usually comprises a number of w_ to form a complete statement,q_or command.12.In sociolinguistic studies,speakers are treated as members of s_g_.13.Utterance is based on _ _ ;it is the realization of the abstract meaning of a sentence in a real situation of
8、communication,or simply in a context.14.To many people,a linguist is the same as a _,one who can speak several languages fluently.15.Consonant sounds can be either v _or v_,while all vowel sounds are v_.三、判断说明题(判断下列各小题，正确的在题后括号内写“T”，错的写“F”，并说明理由。每小题2分，共20分)16.All words may be said to contain a root
9、morpheme.( )17.Tense and reference are two terms often encountered in the study of meaning.( )18.Linguistics is the course of language.( )19.The part of a sentence which compriese comprises an infinite verb or a verb phrase is grammatically called predicate.( )20.Historical linguistics equals to the
10、 study of synchronic study.( )21.The term dialect,as a technical term in linguistics,carries value judgement and not simply refers to a distinct form of language.( )22.Morphology is translated as 形态学。( )23.The word “photographically” is made up of 4 morphemes.( )24.The smallest meaningful unit of la
11、nguage is allomorph.( )25.Semantics is the main part of linguistics.( )四、名词解释(每小题3分，共30分)26.general linguistics27.suprasegmental features28.root and stem29.hierarchical structure30.naming theory and conceptualist view31.maxims of quality and manner32.blending33.sociolect34.subvocal speech35.contrast
12、ive analysis五、论述题(每小题10分，共20分)36.Paraphrase each of the following sentences in two different ways to show the syntactic rules account for the ambiguity of sentences. (1)The shooting of the hunters might be terrible. (2)He saw young men and women present. (3)They were surprised at the presidents appo
13、intment.37.Decide the meaning of the following affixes and give each affix two examples. re- un- anti- super- -wise -itis -ize -age一、单项选择题(每小题2分，共20分) 1.B 2.D 3.D 4.D 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.B二、填空题(每空1分，共10分) 11.words question 12.social groups 13.sentence meaning 14.polyglot 15.voiceless voiced voice
14、d三、判断说明题(每小题2分，共20分) 16.T 17.F(Sense and reference) 18.F(scientific study of language) 19.F(finite verb) 20.F(diachronic) 21.F(no value judgement) 22.T 23.T 24.F(morpheme) 25.F(one of the parts)四、名词解释(每小题3分，共30分) 26.The study of language as a whole is often called general linguistics. 27.The phonemic features that occur above the level of the segments. 28.The base form of a word; the existing fo
