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1、TheSocialValueoftheCollegeBred英语演讲稿 ofwhatuseisacollegetraining?wewhohavehaditseldomhearthequestionraisedmightbealittlenonplussedtoansweritoffhand.acertainamountofmeditationhasbroughtmetothisasthepithiestreplywhichimyselfcangive:thebestclaimthatacollegeeducationcanpossiblymakeonyourrespect,thebestth
2、ingitcanaspiretoacplishforyou,isthis:thatitshouldhelpyoutoknowagoodmanwhenyouseehim.thisisastrueofwomensasofmenscolleges;butthatitisneitherajokenoraonesidedabstractionishallnowendeavortoshow. whattalkdowemonlyhearaboutthecontrastbetweencollegeeducationandtheeducationwhichbusinessortechnicalorprofess
3、ionalschoolsconfer?thecollegeeducationiscalledhigherbecauseitissupposedtobesogeneralandsodisinterested.attheschoolsyougetarelativelynarrowpracticalskill,youaretold,whereasthecollegesgiveyouthemoreliberalculture,thebroaderoutlook,thehistoricalperspective,thephilosophicatmosphere,orsomethingwhichphras
4、esofthatsorttrytoexpress.youaremadeintoanefficientinstrumentfordoingadefinitething,youhear,attheschools;but,apartfromthat,youmayremainacrudeandsmokykindofpetroleum,incapableofspreadinglight.theuniversitiesandcolleges,ontheotherhand,althoughtheymayleaveyoulessefficientforthisorthatpracticaltask,suffu
5、seyourwholementalitywithsomethingmoreimportantthanskill.theyredeemyou,makeyouwellbred;theymakegoodpanyofyoumentally.iftheyfindyouwithanaturallyboorishorcaddishmind,theycannotleaveyouso,asatechnicalschoolmayleaveyou.this,atleast,ispretended;thisiswhatwehearamongcollegetrainedpeoplewhentheyparetheired
6、ucationwitheveryothersort.now,exactlyhowmuchdoesthissignify? itiscertain,tobeginwith,thatthenarrowesttradeorprofessionaltrainingdoessomethingmoreforamanthantomakeaskilfulpracticaltoolofhim鈥攊tmakeshimalsoajudgeofothermensskill.whetherhistradebepleadingatthebarorsurgeryorplasteringorplumbing,itdevelop
7、sacriticalsenseinhimforthatsortofoccupation.heunderstandsthedifferencebetweensecondrateandfirstrateworkinhiswholebranchofindustry;hegetstoknowagoodjobinhisownlineassoonasheseesit;andgettingtoknowthisinhisownline,hegetsafaintsenseofwhatgoodworkmaymeananyhow,thatmay,ifcircumstancesfavor,spreadintohisj
8、udgmentselsewhere.soundwork,cleanwork,finishedwork;feeblework,slackwork,shamwork鈥攖hesewordsexpressanidenticalcontrastinmanydifferentdepartmentsofactivity.insofarforth,then,eventhehumblestmanualtrademaybegetinoneacertainsmalldegreeofpowertojudgeofgoodworkgenerally. now,whatissupposedtobethelineofuswh
9、ohavethehighercollegetraining?isthereanybroaderline鈥攕inceoureducationclaimsprimarilynottobenarrow鈥攊nwhichwealsoaremadegoodjudgesbetweenwhatisfirstrateandwhatissecondrateonly?whatisespeciallytaughtinthecollegeshaslongbeenknownbythenameofthehumanities,andtheseareoftenidentifiedwithgreekandlatin.butiti
10、sonlyasliteratures,notaslanguages,thatgreekandlatinhaveanygeneralhumanityvalue;sothatinabroadsensethehumanitiesmeanliteratureprimarily,andinastillbroadersensethestudyofmasterpiecesinalmostanyfieldofhumanendeavor.literaturekeepstheprimacy;foritnotonlyconsistsofmasterpiecesbutislargelyaboutmasterpiece
11、s,beinglittlemorethananappreciativechronicleofhumanmasterstrokes,sofarasittakestheformofcriticismandhistory.youcangivehumanisticvaluetoalmostanythingbyreachingithistorically.geology,economics,mechanics,arehumanitieswhentaughtwithreferencetothesuccessiveachievementsofthegeniusestowhichthesesciencesow
12、etheirbeing.nottaughtthus,literatureremainsgrammar,artacatalogue,historyalistofdates,andnaturalscienceasheetofformulasandweightsandmeasures. thesiftingofhumancreations鈥攏othinglessthanthisiswhatweoughttomeanbythehumanities.essentiallythismeansbiography;whatourcollegesshouldteachis,therefore,biographi
13、calhistory,thatnotofpoliticsmerely,butofanythingandeverythingsofarashumaneffortsandconquestsarefactorsthathaveplayedtheirpart.studyinginthisway,welearnwhattypesofactivityhavestoodthetestoftime;weacquirestandardsoftheexcellentanddurable.allourartsandsciencesandinstitutionsarebutsomanyquestsofperfecti
14、ononthepartofmen;andwhenweseehowdiversethetypesofexcellencemaybe,howvariousthetests,howflexibletheadaptations,wegainarichersenseofwhatthetermsbetterandworsemaysignifyingeneral.ourcriticalsensibilitiesgrowbothmoreacuteandlessfanatical.wesympathizewithmensmistakesevenintheactofpenetratingthem;wefeelth
15、epathosoflostcausesandmisguidedepochsevenwhileweapplaudwhatovercamethem. suchwordsarevagueandsuchideasareinadequate,buttheirmeaningisunmistakable.whatthecolleges鈥攖eachinghumanitiesbyexampleswhichmaybespecial,butwhichmustbetypicalandpregnant鈥攕houldatleasttrytogiveus,isageneralsenseofwhat,undervarious
16、disguises,superiorityhasalwayssignifiedandmaystillsignify.thefeelingforagoodhumanjobanywhere,theadmirationofthereallyadmirablethedisesteemofwhatischeapandtrashyandimpermanent鈥攖hisiswhatwecallthecriticalsense,thesenseforidealvalues.itisthebetterpartofwhatmenknowaswisdom.someofusarewiseinthiswaynaturallyandbygenius;someofusneverbeeso.buttohavespentonesyouthatcollege,incontactwiththechoiceandrareandprecious,andyetstilltobeablindprigorvulgarian,unabletoscent
