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1、B3U2 Grammar 情态动词II (Modal Verbs) 一情态动词ought to的用法 Eg: 1.Ask John. He ought to know.问问约翰吧，他该知道。 2. To keep fit，we ought to learn more about our body. 3. He ought not to do it. / He oughtnt to do it.他不应该做这件事。 4. Ought we to do it at once? 我们应该马上做这件事吗？用法归纳1.表示推测（可能性几近现实）如例句_ ; Dont worry. We _. 我们应该会赢
2、。2.表示义务或责任,如例句_，意为应当；应该(没有人称和数的变化，后接动词原形)He thought that they_ the design. 他认为他们应当参加设计。 3.否定形式为ought to _,如例句_._. 她不应该浪费时间。 4.一般疑问句形式将_提前到主语_。_? 他应该去那里吗？ 练习 1). He _ by now.目前他应该在家了吧。2) You_take care of him 你应该照顾他。3). You _ so much.你不应该吸那么多烟4). _ it at once? 我们应该要立刻做这件事？二.情态动词need的用法Eg: 1.Needhebrin
3、ghislaptoptomorrow?明天他需要带他的笔记本过来吗？2. Youneedntworryaboutitbecauseitsnotyourfault.你不必担心，因为那不是你的错。3.Need I do the cleaning now? Yes， you must. No， you neednt.用法归纳1. need既可作行为动词也可作情态动词。在情态动词时，表示 “需要”“必须”，通常用于_(如例1)或_(如例2)中, 无人称和数的变化。_ this homework first？他需要先做这些作业吗？You_ it again你不需要再做了。2. 用于一般疑问句时，肯定回答
4、一般用_， 否定回答用_._ I hand in my paper now？我现在需要交上论文吗？ Yes，you _. /No，you_. 练习 1. _ it again? 需要他再说一次吗？2. He _ it这件事他无需担心。3. NeedIfinishmyworktoday? No, you _. 三情态动词+have done的用法1情态动词+have done表示：对过去的推测回想：表示推测的情态动词，按照语气强弱依次排列为 _ _ _ _ _ ;1) must +have done的用法 Eg: It must have rained last night, because t
5、he road is wet. 昨天晚上一定是下雨了，因为路还湿着。用法归纳 must +have done用于(肯定句，否定句？)中，表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行肯定的推测，意为“过去一定做过某事”。练习I didnt hear the phone. I_ (be asleep) at that time. 我没听到电话铃响，我那时候一定是睡着了。2) can/could + have done 的用法 Eg : (1) Hecanthavebeen to that town.他根本不可能去过那座城市。 (2) My sister met him in the classroom last
6、 night, so he couldnt have attended your lecture. 我姐姐昨天晚上在图书馆遇见了他，所以他肯定没参加你的演讲(3) Canhehavedonesuch a foolish thing? 他做过这样的傻事吗？(4) I can t find Tom anywhere in the office building. Where could he have gone? 我在办公楼任何地方都找不到汤姆。他有可能去了哪里了呢？用法归纳一般用于_(如例1,2)和_（如例3）中, 在(肯定句，否定句？)中，表示对过去发生的事情或状态的强烈否定的推测，意为“过去
7、不可能做过，肯定没做过”。I saw him in the street, so he _ to the hospital yesterday.昨天他不可能去了医院。在(疑问句，否定句？)中，表示对过去发生的事情或状态的不太有把握的推测，常表示“过去可能做过吗?” _(leave) the work unfinished? It seems that he is not that kind of people. 他会丢下工作不干了？他看起来不像那种人。练习(1)Li Ping _（clean）the room because she has gone to Beijing for a week
8、.不可能是李萍打扫房间的，因为她已经去北京一个星期了。(2) _ tothe library? I find that he has some books.Tom可能是去了图书馆了吗？我发现他手上有几本书。3) may/might + have done 的用法Eg (1) -Whatever has happened to George? 乔治发生了什么事?-I dont know. He may have got lost. 我不知道，他可能迷路了。(2)They may/mightnt have regarded me as their friend.他们可能没有把我当作朋友看待用法归纳
9、表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测， might语气稍弱一点儿，多用于_(如例1)和_(如例2)中，表示“过去可能做过某事或过去可能没做过某事”。练习(1) You _ about it in the papers. 你可能在报上已经看过这个消息了。 (2) He _ (receive) my letter. 他可能没收到我的信。 小结一情态动词对现在和未来的推测对过去情况的推测使用场合mustmust + domust+ have done肯定句can / couldcan / could +_can / could + _can/ could用于_和 _ could 也可用于肯
10、定句may /mightmay /might +_may /might+ _和否定句2. 情态动词+have done表示虚拟语气：责备或后悔1) should/ ought to have过去分词的用法Eg：(1) Tom, you are too lazy. The work should/ought to have been finished yesterday. 汤姆，你太懒惰了，这项工作本来应该昨天就做完的。(2) Look, Tom is crying. I shouldnt/ ought not to have blamed him. 看，汤姆哭了，我本来不应该责备他。用法归纳_
11、表示是“本来应该做某事，而实际没做” _表示 “本来不应该做某事，而实际做了”练习 (1) There was a lot of fun at yesterdays party. You _ come, but why didnt you? A. must have B. should C. need have D. ought to have(2) Oh, I am not feeling well in the stomach, I _ so much fried chicken just now. A. shouldnt eat B. mustnt have eaten C. shouldnt have eaten D. mustnt eat(3) I was really anxious about you. You _ home without a word. A. mustnt leave B. shouldnt have left C. couldnt have left D. neednt leave 2) need have+过去分词的用法Eg：I neednt have bought so much wineonly five people came. 我本来没有必要买这么多酒，只来了五个人。用法归纳_
