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1、Section Grammar副词和副词短语副词用来说明动作或状态的特征，它在句中主要作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词及短语、全句等。副词按词汇意义和句法功能可分为时间副词、地点副词、频度副词、程度副词、方式副词、疑问副词、连接副词、关系副词等。这里主要学习时间副词、地点副词、频度副词、方式副词。一、频度副词常见频度副词及短语有：often, always, usually, frequently, seldom, ever, never, rarely, sometimes, occasionally, from time to time, every now and then, every
2、two days等。频度副词的位置：(1)在实义动词之前。(2)在be动词、助动词、情态动词之后。(3)多个助动词时，一般放在第一个助动词后。(4)有些频度副词，如yet, soon, once, sometimes等也可放在句尾。John usually goes to school at 7 am.约翰通常早上7点去上学。You must often keep this in mind.这一点你要经常记在心里。I have always wanted to go to Paris.我一直都想去巴黎。Well be back soon.我们很快就回来。温馨提示：(1)当表示否定的副词，如se
3、ldom, never, rarely置于句首时，句子倒装。Never in all my life have I heard such nonsense!我这辈子从没听过这种废话！(2)always与进行时态连用，表示赞赏、厌烦等感情。Im always misplacing my glasses.我老是将眼镜乱放。二、地点副词表示地点的：here, there, home, upstairs, downstairs, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere, somewhere, abroad, elsewhere等。表示位置关系的：above, below, down
4、, up, out, in, across, back, along, over, round, around, away, near, off, on, inside, outside, past等。通常放在句尾，也可放在句首，句中。We live here in winter.我们冬天住在这里。I cant find my pen though Ive looked everywhere.我到处找我的钢笔，可就是找不到。My bedroom is just above.我的卧室就在上面。温馨提示：(1)在表示位置关系的副词中，有些副词也可用作介词(如above, over, beyond,
5、 around, below, down, up, in, along, near, off, on, past等)。Come in, please.(副词)请进。They live in the next room.(介词)他们住在隔壁房间。(2)在描述动作的句子中，为了描述生动，增强修饰效果，常将副词out, in, down, up, away, off, here, there, now, then, next等置于句首，从而引起倒装。In came the teacher.老师进来了。There goes the bell.铃响了。注意：若主语是代词，则不能倒装。There he g
6、oes.他走了。三、时间副词常见的时间副词有now, then, soon, ago, recently, lately, later, finally, before, early, today, tomorrow, yesterday, tonight, suddenly, immediately, already, just等。表示时间的副词短语at once, since then, till now等。1表确定时间的副词(如today, yesterday等)通常位于句末，有时也位于句首。表示非确定时间的副词(如soon, recently, suddenly等)除可用于句末或句首外
7、，还可位于句中(通常位于实义动词之前，be动词、助动词、情态动词之后)。He went home yesterday./Yesterday he went home.他昨天回家了。Eventually he came./He came eventually.他终于来了。2still, already, just等几个表示时间的副词通常位于句中；当要表示强调时，still和already也可位于动词be、助动词等之前。still若用于否定句，则总是位于助动词之前，另外，still和already还可位于句末，表示惊奇。I have already finished my work.我已经做完了工
8、作。I already have told him about it.(表示强调)我已经把情况告诉他了。Is your mother back already？(表示惊奇)你妈妈已经回来了？I still dont understand what you mean.我还是不明白你的意思。3before, early, immediately和late位于句末。Ill go immediately.我马上就走。4since和ever since与完成时连用。since位于助动词之后或否定句及疑问句的句末，ever since(副词短语)位于句末。She left school three yea
9、rs ago and has worked as a nurse ever since.她三年前毕业，从那时起便一直当护士。温馨提示：(1)before, since既可作副词，也可作介词，还可作连词，引导时间状语从句。(2)immediately/instantly可作连词，引导时间状语从句，表示“一就”。(3)then, now等时间副词位于句首，句子谓语为come, go等趋向性动词，且句子主语为名词时，句子全部倒装。B comes before C in the alphabet.B在字母表里排在C之前。It will be a long time before we finish t
10、his dictionary.我们需要很长的时间才能把这部词典编译完。I havent heard from him since last year.我自去年以来未曾收到过他的信。It is/has been ten years since they married.他们结婚到现在已经十年了。Return immediately you are done.事情一做完你马上就回来。四、方式副词方式副词一般用来回答“怎样”这类问题。大部分方式副词是由“形容词ly”构成的。例如：carefully, properly, anxiously, suddenly, normally, calmly, p
11、olitely, proudly, softly, warmly等。位置较灵活，放在句首、句中或句末。修饰不及物动词时，要放在所修饰动词的后面。方式副词well, badly, hard等只放在句尾。As long as you drive carefully, you will be very safe.只要你开车小心，你就会很安全。He smacked the book angrily on the table.他生气地把书啪的一声丢在桌子上。He speaks English well.他英语讲得很好。温馨提示：(1)当形容词为辅音字母y结尾，其副词为变y为i，再加ly，如happy h
12、appily, angry angrily。(2)有些副词有两种形式，一个与形容词同形，表示具体意义；一个以ly结尾，表示抽象或引申含义。close接近地，closely密切地；仔细地，wide广阔地，widely广泛地，high高，highly高度地；非常地，deep深地，deeply深深地，loud大声地，loudly大声地(含“喧闹”之意)。(3)friendly, lively, lovely, orderly, motherly, fatherly等形式上为副词，而实际上为形容词。考情分析各类副词在句中起着重要作用，也是高考的考查项目之一。学生应根据具体的语境体会句中的频度副词、地点
13、副词、时间副词等，从而判断采用正确的时态和句式。副词为每年完形填空、语篇填空必考内容。1.全国卷I和全国卷的完形填空、语篇填空中副词和副词短语每年都会考查，尤其是在语篇填空中，形容词和副词间的转化是重要考查点。2.2019年全国卷、均考查了形容词和副词转化，根据副词判断时态等。高考佳句John belongs to that club, whose members meet regularly to discuss social issues and share ideas and thoughts.约翰属于那个俱乐部，其成员定期地聚在一起讨论社会问题，分享他们的主意和想法。注意诸如immed
14、iately, directly, instantly这样的副词，还可以充当连词，相当于as soon as。I gave him the money immediately I arrived home.我一到家就把钱给他了。即时训练.用括号内所给词的正确形式填空1She looked at the picture of her lost son sadly (sad)2He listens carefully. (careful)3Luckily (luck), he passed the exam.4The computer is widely (wild) used in our da
15、ily life.5“Why didnt you tell me earlier？” The boss shouted angrily (angry)6Last night it rained heavily (heavy) in the southern part of the city.7Simon hates to be like others, he often tries to do everything differently. (different)8Tom had an accident yesterday. His teacher sent him to the hospital quickly (quick).根据汉语意思完成句子1我还是没有收到她的来信。I still_ havent heard from her.2一些人认为如果他们过多地使用大脑他们就会得病。Some people think that they will get_ill if they use their brains too_much.3突然停车可能会是一个可怕的经历，尤其是如果
