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1、 你的首选资源互助社区高考英语一轮重点复习 Module 5 Unit5一、重点单词1. damage (1)n.损失； 损害， 损坏do/cause damage to 损害，破坏(2)vt.损害，损坏； 使受损失The earthquake damaged several buildings.地震使一些建筑受到了破坏。a badly damaged car 严重损坏的汽车拓展：damage, destroy, ruin damage, destroy 和 ruin 这三个单词均表示“破坏”、 “损坏”的意思，但各自的含义和用法不同。damage 指部分 “损坏”、 “损害 ”、 “破坏”
2、或指使用价值有所降低。它可以用作动词,也可以用作名词，用作名词时常与 to something 连用。例如：Hundreds of houses in the area were damaged by the storm. 暴风雨毁坏了这个地区数以百计的房屋。The accident did a lot of damage to his car. 这次车祸使他的车受到很大的损坏。destroy 只能用作动词，指彻底破坏，以致不可能修复，常作“破坏” 、 “毁灭”解，也可以指希望、计划等打破。例如： The earthquake destroyed almost the whole town.
3、地震几乎毁灭了整个城镇。His hope of being a writer was destroyed. 他想成为一个作家的希望破灭了。ruin 则表示破坏严重,以致不能修复,但这种破坏不像 destroy 那样毁灭某物,而是强调致使该物的使用价值发生了问题。用作动词时，它作“使毁灭”、 “使崩溃 ”、 “弄糟”解；用作名词时,它表示“毁灭”、 “瓦解”、“废墟”等抽象概念。ruin 也有借喻的用法。例如： The fire ruined the castle. 那场大火使城堡夷为废墟。The house has fallen into ruin. 房子倒塌了。The company is
4、facing ruin. 这家公司面临破产2. present （1）vt.赠予； 颁予， 呈递present flowers to sb.(present sb. with flowers)献花给某人present reasons 提出理由present a new aspect 呈现出一派新气象present a new play 上演一出新戏Allow me to present Mr Black to you.请允许我向您介绍布莱克先生。（2）adj.现在的， 出席的， 存在的at the present time 目前， 现在the present price 现价the prese
5、nt participle 现在分词be present at a ceremony 出席仪式（3）n.礼物， 现在， 目前at present 现在， 目前二、重点短语1. first aid（1）n.（对伤患者的）急救give first aid to sb.= carry out first aid on sb.对某人实施急救拓展：aid n.帮助， 援助， 帮助者，有帮助的事物 你的首选资源互助社区cut off aid 中止援助teaching aids 教具a hearing aid 助听器medical aid 医疗救护with the aid of 借助于= with the
6、 help ofcome to sb.s aid 帮助某人in aid of 为了帮助we collect money in aid of the education in the poverty-stricken area. 我们筹集资金以援助贫困地区的教育。（2）vt.资助， 援助， 帮助I aided him in his enterprise.They aided in solving the problem.2. a number of adj.“许多的， 若干”后接可数名词区别：the number of / a number of： 都跟可数名词复数。前者作主语，谓语用单数；后者
7、作主语，谓语用复数。The number of the trees is two thousand. （用单数谓语. 另注意 trees 前有限定词）A number of trees have been cut down. （用复数谓语. 另注意 trees 前无限定词）拓展：后接可数或不可数名词的短语：1）lots of（a lot of ）后接可数或不可数名词。例如：My parents spend a lot of their spare time on English study. Mike had collected lots of Chinese stamps when he s
8、tudied in China. 2）plenty of 后接可数或不可数名词。例如：We have plenty of books to read. There is plenty of water in apple. （注：plenty of 一般只用于肯定句，在疑问句中常改用 enough；在否定句中常改用 many 或 much。另外， plenty of 短语作主语时，谓语动词的数由它后面的名词的数而定。 ）3）most of 后接可数或不可数名词。例如：Most of his money is spent on books. Most of the students in our
9、class are fond of sports. 4）a large quantity of 后接可数或不可数名词。例如：A large quantity of books have been translated into foreign languages. There is a large quantity of coal in the coalmine. 后只接可数名词的短语1）a group of 后接可数名词的复数。例如：A group of wounded soldiers were saved by Dr Bethune. 2）a（great/large/good ）numb
10、er of 后接可数名词的复数。例如：There are a number of professors in our college. A great（largegood） number of new machines have been sent to the country side. 3）a great many 后接可数名词的复数。例如：There are a great many books in our school library. 4）scores of 后接可数名词的复数。例如：Scores of dustmen took part in the strike. 你的首选资
11、源互助社区后只接不可数名词的短语1）a great（good deal of）后接不可数名词。例如：A great deal of information can be stored in computers. 2）a large amount of 后接不可数名词。例如：They are going to spend a large amount of time on the research work. 3. make a difference 有影响， 很重要It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference
12、.这表明急救知识的确能发挥重要作用。Everyone can make a difference as long as he tries to.只要努力，人人都可以有所作为。拓展：It makes no difference whether是否没有什么差别= It doesnt matter whether . 如：It makes no difference whether you are for or against the arrangement.你反对还是赞成这安排都没有关系。 （没用）4. stick to 粘住， 坚持Take clothing off the burned are
13、a unless it is stuck to the burn.除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把它脱掉。Cover the burned area with a bandage that will not stick to the skin.用干而清洁又不粘皮肤的绷带把烧伤面包起来。拓展：stick to, insist on, keep onstick to a decision/ plan/ theory 坚持决定/ 计划/理论（不改变）insist on doing sth.坚持要做某事Stick to what you think is right, no matter what
14、others say.He insisted on going home, though it was very late.For many years he kept on studying English and using it until he could used it freely.三、重点句型1. Do not rub, as this may break any blisters and the wound may get infected.不要擦拭，因为这样做会擦破水泡，伤口会感染小结 as 的用法：（一）as 作副词，表示程度，意为 “同样地”。在“as. . . as.
15、. . ”，“not as. . . as. . . ”结构中的第一个 as 是副词，作“和与( 不)一样”解。e.g.：Jack is as tall as his father. He doesnt speak English as so fluently as you. （二）as 作介词。 作“如，像”解。e.g. ：They got united as one man. 作“充当，作为” 解。e.g. ：As a writer，he was famous. （三）as 作连词，常用来连接主句和状语从句。1. 引导时间状语从句，作“当的时候”解，有“ 随着” 之意，与 while 意义相近，强调两个动作同时发生；或某事一发生，另一事立即发生。e.g.：He shouted aloud as her ran along. 他一边往前跑，一边高声地呼喊。I was startled as he opened the door. 他一开门，吓了我一跳。 你的首选资源互助社区as 作连词，相当于 when。e.g.：As a little boy (When he was a little boy)he began to learn to play piano. 他小时候就开始学
