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1、Unit 5 China and the World Topic 2 Section A About Confucius,Confucius & Confucianism,Also named as Master Kong Humanity （仁） Righteousness (义) Ritual （礼） Knowledge （智） integrity （信） Loyalty （忠） Filial piety （孝） Top 10 key thinkers in the world （1984）,The Master said: To learn and then do, is not tha
2、t a pleasure? When friends come from afar do we not rejoice? To live unknown and not fret, is not that to be a gentleman? 子曰：学而时习之，不亦说乎？有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？人不知而不愠，不亦君子乎？ Confucius said: He who learns without thinking will be bewildered; he who thinks without learning will be in danger. 子曰：“学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。” T
3、he Master said: Even when walking in a party of no more than three I can always be certain of learning from those I am with. There will be good qualities that I can select for imitation and bad ones that will teach me what requires correction in myself. 子曰：“三人行，必有我师焉。择其善者而从之，其不善者而改之。”,Confucius said
4、: By nature men are similar to one another, but learning and practice make them different. 子曰：“性相近也，习相远也。” Confucius said: You, shall I teach you what it is to know? You know something if you know it, and you do not know something if you do not. That is what to know means. 子曰:“由，诲女知之乎？知之为知之，不知为不知，是知
5、也。” In the Book of Poetry are three hundred pieces, but the design of them all may be embraced in one sentence- “Having no depraved thoughts.” 诗三百，一言以蔽之，曰：思无邪。 Confucius said: He can be a teacher who finds what is new in reviewing what is old. 子曰：“温故而知新，可以为师矣。”,Zhongni 仲尼 Kong Qiu 孔丘 minister 牧师 wan
6、der around 游荡 Qufu 曲阜 Analects 文选；论集 The Analects of Confucius 論語 Confucian Classics 儒家经书 Shu 書 Yi 易 Shi 詩 Li 禮 Chunqiu 春秋 Yue 樂,New Words,A ruler should learn self-discipline, should govern his subjects by his own example, and should treat them with love and concern. ZhingMing （正名） If your desire i
7、s for good, the people will be good. The possession of de（德） or virtue.,Political Philosophy,Main article: Ren （ Humanity ） (a concept central to Confucianism),仁,Love of people,Ones parents,The people,Everything in the world (universal love),The love of ones parents is the essence and the greatest l
8、ove.,filial piety,No one could people in general if they did not even love their own parents.,filial piety(孝道）,“Children should not travel far while their parents are alive. If they have no choice but to do so, they must retain some restraint.” “Children should think often of the age of their parent
9、s. They should feel happy for the health and longevity of their parents. They should also feel concern for the aging of their parents. ”,Love the people,By nature, men are nearly alike; by practice, they get to be wide apart.,性相近也，习相远也。,A youth is to be regarded with respect. How do you know that hi
10、s future will not be equal to our present?,后生可畏，焉知来者之不如今也？,How to love others?,What you do not want done to yourself, do not do to others.,己所不欲，勿施于人。,One should be aware that other people may have similar desires as oneself. While fulfilling ones desires ,allow others to fulfill their desires as wel
11、l.,If one wants to establish himself ,he should help others to establish themselves at first.,己欲立而立人，己欲达而达人。,何谓礼？ Courtesy, F bend is high, to others who namely for polite. Therefore worship is the gift. 礼者，己弯腰则人高，对他人即为有礼。因此敬人即为礼。 Ancient rite, blooding such as bending grain is. Only full grain seed
12、-heads will bend head, the ritual of right lies in bending. 古之礼，示人如弯曲的谷物也。只有结满谷物的谷穗才会弯下头，礼之精要在于曲。,仁义礼智信,不学礼无以立 Dont learn ritual indescribable made 身修而后家齐 The persons being cultivated, the families were regulated. 家齐而后国治 The families being regulated, the States were rightly governed. 国治而后天下平 The Sta
13、tes being rightly governed, the entire world was at peace.,2019/10/16,14,education,三人行必有我师焉。择其善者而从之，其不善者而改之。 When traveling in company of two other people, I could find my teachers; I would learn from their good points and guard against their bad ones. Confucius said，“He can be a teacher who finds w
14、hat is new in reviewing what is old.” 子曰：“温故而知新，可以为师矣。”,Confucius said，“He can be a teacher who finds what is new in reviewing what is old.” 子曰：“温故而知新，可以为师矣。” Intelligent and fond of learning, he was not ashamed to ask and learn from his inferiors.,敏而好学，不耻下问。,Most Japanese homes still keep ancestral
15、 tablets (牌位) and altars (祭坛) in their homes A lot of numerous honorific terms and phrases of respect （敬语）and consideration in Japanese Neo-Confucianism in Japan,Confucianism in South Korea,Today the legacy of Confucianism remains a fundamental part of Korean society. The most important ceremonies of Korean Confucianism were those that celebrated the coming of age, marriage, death.,The examples of Singapore - where Confucius is acknowledged as the one who has provided them with their economic and social policies, even by Senior Minister and former prime minister Lee Kuan Yew.,
