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1、非谓语动词复习,分词（现在分词V-ing和过去分词V-ed） 作 定语、 表语、 宾补 状语,I want to read a book written by the woman living there.,I want to read a book written by the woman living there.,充当除谓语动词以外的各种句子成分,第三步：分析时态,第一步：辨别“谓与非谓”,第二步：判断语态,非谓语的“有法可依”,第一步：谓与非谓,There are nine planets _ around the sun, and the earth _ one of them. .
2、moving; being B. moving; is C.move; being D.moved; is,一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时。,She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat. She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat.,When _ help, one often says “Thank you.” or “Its kind of you.” (福建2005) A. offering B. to off
3、er C. to be offered D. offered,第二步：判断语态 分析非谓语动词和逻辑主语是主动还是被动关系。,The problem_ next is of great importance. The building_ now is our future classroom. The problem_ just now is of treat importance. discussed B. being built C. to be discussed,第三步：分析时态 根据非谓语自带的时间状语确定时间,A _,B _,C _,现在分词和过去分词区别是： 过去分词在时态上强调
4、动作_，在语态上侧重于_； 现在分词在时态上强调动作_，在语态上侧重于_。,已经完成,正在进行,被动,主动,一、分词作定语,共同点： 如果分词只是一个单词，该分词位于所修饰的名词_； 如果是分词短语，该短语就位于其所修饰的名词_。 不同点： 现在分词与逻辑主语(被修饰词)之间是_关系，而过去分词则表示_关系.,主动,被动,之前,之后,1.There was a terrible noise _ the sudden burst of light. A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed 2.Whats the l
5、anguage _ in Germany? A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak,二、分词作表语,共同点： 起着形容词的作用。 不同点：修饰人- ; 修饰物-,v-ed,v-ing,1.This book is _. A. interesting B. interested C. interest D. to interest,2. -How did Bob do in the exams this time? -Well, his father seems _ with his results. A. pleasing B. pleas
6、e C. pleased D. to please,过去分词作表语并无“完成”或“被动”之意， 而是表示主语的状态或思想感情等。如： He looked worried after reading the letter 看完信后, 他显得很忧虑。 He seemed quite delighted at the idea 听到这个想法, 他似乎很高兴。,动词-ed形式作表语,常见的作表语的过去分词有: amused (愉快的)； broken (碎了的)；closed (关闭的)； astonished (吃惊的)；crowded (拥挤的)； experienced (有经验的); deli
7、ghted (高兴的)； lost (丢失的)； gone (遗失的)； disappointed (失望的)；worried (担忧的)； interested (感兴趣的) tired (疲劳的) pleased (高兴的)；satisfied (满意的)； surprised (吃惊的); married (已婚的)； known (著名的) 等等,作表语的-ed形式可被much, very, quite 等所修饰。 I was very pleased at the news 听了这消息我很高兴。 He grew much tired of the work 他十分厌倦这工作。,The
8、 pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _ as the plane was making a landing. (2004 上海) A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating,三、分词作宾语补足语,共同点：对宾语起补充或说明作用。 不同点： v-ing与其逻辑主语(宾语)是主动关系 v-ed与其逻辑主语(宾语)则表被动关系，,1.The next morning she found the man _ in bed, dead. A. lying B. lie C. lay D. l
9、aying,2.We saw him _ (beat) his wife. 3. We saw his wife _ (beat),beating,beaten,我们看到他在打他的妻子。,我们看到他的妻子被人打了。,四、分词作状语,共同点：作时间、原因、方式或伴随等状语。 不同点： v-ing表示主动或正在进行 与句中谓语动一般同时发生则用v-ing；发生在句中谓语动词_则用having done v-ed则表示_，一般发生谓语动词之前或同时发生。,之前,被动关系,过去分词作状语表示被动或完成，但有些过去分词(短语) 因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表动作而表状态。这样的过去分词(短语) 常见的有
10、: lost (迷路); seated (坐); absorbed in (全神贯注于); dressed in (穿着); tired of (厌烦)等。,例：_ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police（2005，江苏） A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing,例：_ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the
11、local police（2005，江苏） A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing 分析：答案为B。可以把状语部分转换为: (After the two students were) lost in the mountains for a week,. 作状语的过去分词lost来自于“be lost in”迷路，迷失。如：He was lost in the forest. 句子的主语the two students 与作状语用的过去分词lost之间在逻辑上并没有被动的关系。,例：_ in a white uniform, he looks
12、 more like a cook than a doctor.（2005，湖南） A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed,例：_ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.（2005，湖南） A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed 分析：答案为A。可以把状语部分转换为：When ( he was ) dressed in a white uniform,作状语的过去分词dressed来
13、自于“be dressed in” 这个短语。be dressed in 表穿着的状态，如：She is dressed in a blue skirt. 句子的主语he与作状语用的过去分词dressed之间在逻辑上并没有被动的关系。,2. 过去分词作状语来源于状语从句，在句中一般能作五种状语，即时间、原因、条件、让步和方式状语。如： Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet. 因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。 (Caught in a heavy rain相当于原因状语从句Because he was caught in a heavy rain),W
14、hen_( heat), ice can be changed into water.（时间） 冰加热时变成水。,heated,1._ a reply, he decided to write again. A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received 2.The murderer was brought in, with his hands _ behind his back. A. were tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied 3
15、. _ out of the window, I found a plane. A. Looking B. Looked C. Having looked D.To look,4. When _ help, one often says “Thank you.” or “Its kind of you.” (福建2005) A. offering B. to offer C. to be offered D. offered,5. When first _ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. (2004全国卷II) A. introducing B. introduced C. introduce D. being introduced,考点解读 过去分词作状语时，前边可
