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1、3.1 基本术语fluid power 流体传动 hydraulics 液压技术hydrodynamics 液力技术hydropneumatics 气液技术hydrostatics 静液压技术pneumatics 气动技术operating conditions 运行工况rated conditions 额定工况standard conditions 标准工况continuous working conditions 连续工况limiting conditions 极限工况steady-state conditions 稳态工况instantaneous conditions 瞬态工况actu
2、al conditions 实际工况 specified conditions 规定工况acceptable conditions 许用工况efficiency 效率 direction of rotation 旋转方向clockwise/right hand 顺时针/ 右旋anticlockwise/left hand 逆时针/ 左旋equipment temperature 装置温度fluid temperature 介质温度ambient temperature 环境温度nominal pressure 公称压力working pressure 工作压力inlet pressure 进口
3、压力outlet pressure 出口压力pressure drop 压差differential pressure 压降back pressure 背压breakaway pressure 起动压力breakout pressure 起动压力boost pressure/charge pressure 补/充油压力 peak pressure 峰值压力cracking pressure 开启压力operating pressure 运行压力proof pressure 耐压实验压力surge pressure 冲击压力system pressure 系统压力static pressure
4、静压力pilot pressure 控制压力pre-charge pressure 充气压力suction pressure 吸入压力override pressure 调压偏差rated pressure 额定压力air consumption 耗气量leakage 泄漏internal leakage 内泄漏external leakage 外泄漏flow 流动laminar flow 层流turbulent flow 紊流cavitations 气穴flow rate 流量rated flow 额定流量supply flow 供给流量flow ratio 流量系数hysteresis 滞
5、环 start-up time 启动时间rise time 上升时间fall time 下降时间actuated time 操作时间released time 非操作时间response time 响应时间graphical symbol 图形符号graphical representation 图形表示circuit diagram 回路图pressure time diagram 压力时间图function diagram 功能图cycle 循环automatic cycle 自动循环working cycle 工作循环cycling speed 循环速度phase 工步dwell pha
6、se 停止工步working phase 工作工步rapid advance phase 快进工步rapid return phase 快退工步repeatability 重复性 frequency response 频率响应reproducibility 复现性 drift 漂移ripple 波动linear region 线性区linearity 线性度hydraulic lock 液压锁紧sticking 液压卡紧3.2 能量转换术语capacity; displacement 排量effective capacity 有效排量geometric 几何排量volumetric losse
7、s 容积损失hydrodynamic losses 流动损失mechanical losses 机械损失derived torque 导出转矩effective torque 有效转矩 hydraulic pumps 液压泵rotodynamic pump 动力式泵displacement pump 容积泵fixed displacement pump 定量泵variable displacement pump 变量泵control pump 泵的控制gear pump 齿轮泵screw pump 螺杆泵vane pump 叶片泵piston pump 柱塞泵radial piston pum
8、p 径向柱塞泵axial piston pump 轴向柱塞泵angled piston pump 斜轴式柱塞泵hand-pump 手动泵staged pump 多级泵multiple pump 多联泵derived capacity 空载排量effective capacity 有效排量derived output flow 空载输出流量effective output flow 有效输出流量effective hydraulic power 有效液压功率hydraulic power 液压功率input power 输入功率installed power 装机功率volumetric eff
9、iciency 容积效率 hydro-mechanical efficiency 液压机械效率overall efficiency 总效率mounting 安装flange mounting 法兰安装spigot pilot location 止口导向定位foot mounting 底座安装shaft extension 轴伸double-action motor 双向马达air motor 气马达hydraulic motor 液压马达fixed displacement motor 定量马达variable displacement motor 变量马达gear motor 齿轮马达van
10、e motor 叶片马达radial piston motor 径向柱塞马达axial piston motor 轴向柱赛马达multiple motor 多联马达hydraulic stepping 液压步进马达semi-rotary actuator 摆动马达derived capacity(motor) 空载排量 slip 滑差hydraulic power(motor) 液压功率starting torque 启动转矩hydraulic pump-motor 液压泵-马达variable speed drive units; 变速传动装置integral transmissions 整
11、体传动装置stiffness 刚度neutral position 中位zero position 零位free position 自由位cylinder 缸rod end 有杆端rear end 无杆端extend stroke 外伸行程retract stroke 内缩行程cushioning （机械/流体）缓冲cushioning 缓冲长度effective piston area 活塞有效面积working stroke 工作行程induced pressure 负载压力damping pressure 缓冲压力force 输出力theoretical force 理论输出力actual force 实际输出力double-acting cyli
