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1、非谓语动词,在英语中，不作句子谓语，而具有除谓语外其他语法功能的动词，叫做非谓语动词。非谓语动词有动词不定式（the Infinitive）；动名词（the Gerund）；现在分词（the Present Participle）；过去分词（the Past Participle）。,谓语动词与非谓语动词的区别 高考题点击： Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage _ the girl and took her away, _ into the woods. A. seizing, disappeared B. seized, disapp
2、eared C. seizing, disappearing D. seized, disappearing,D,一、形式,二、功能,to do,to be doing,to have done,to be done,to have been done,doing,having done,being done,having been done,done,三 判断过程 ： 根据非谓语动词的位置判断其充当的成分 根据成分进行功能比较 根据逻辑主语判断非谓语动词的主被动关系 根据与所在句子的谓语动词的比较发生的先后决定非谓语动词的时态,四 成分判定： Here you can see an old
3、church built in 1819 . 2. His excuse sounds to be quite convincing. 3. It took (us) five hours to get here. 4. She was glad to see her children well taken care of in the nursery. 5. Standing on the tower, we could see the whole city. 6. Can you tell me how to get to the station? 7. What I would sugg
4、est is to start work at once.,8. -What has made Tina excited recently ? -_ (admit) into a key university.,定语 表语 主语 宾补 状语 宾语 表语 主语,Being admitted,Here you can see an old church built in 1819 . 2. His excuse sounds to be quite convincing. 3. It took (us) five hours to get here. 4. She was glad to see
5、her children well taken care of in the nursery. 5. Standing on the tower, we could see the whole city. 6. Can you tell me how to get to the station? 7. What I would suggest is to start work at once.,五、功能比较,（一）不定式、动名词做主语的区别：,1、动名词充当的主语一般表示抽象的、一般的、经常性的行为。,不定式表将来的特定、具体的一次性的行为。,2、在某些并行结构中，动名词和不定式是特定的对称结
6、构，一 般不能随意替换：,1）在句子主语和表语同时使用非限定动词时，两者必须一致， 不能交叉使用。,eg. Seeing is believing.,To learn is to use.,2)在某些It做形式主语的固定句式中,eg. It is no good / use drinking so much.,It is not easy （for Tom）to find a job.,注意：There is no need to do sth .,高考题点击： Fishing is his favorite hobby, and _. A. hed like to collect coins
7、 as well B. he feels like collecting coins, too C. to collect coins is also his hobby D. collecting coins also gives him great pleasure,在 and 连接的并列句中，两个主语要保持一致的形式。动名词 fishing 和 collecting coins 分别作两个简单句的主语。这句话的意思为“钓鱼是他的爱好，集硬币也给他带来极大的乐趣。”,D,（二）不定式、动名词作宾语的区别：,1、动名词表示一般的、经常性的行为，不定式表示特定的、具 体的行为。,eg. I l
8、ike swimming ,but I dont like to swim today.,2、一般介词后面不可用不定式作宾语，（except, but除外）,eg. He has no choice but to lie down and sleep.,I hate the kind of person who does nothing but look on.,3、及物动词后一般可用动名词或不定式作宾语，但,1)advise,consider,enjoy,escape,excuse,delay,deny,dislike,finish, keep,include,miss,mind,pract
9、ise,stand,suggest,risk, imagine,admit,cant help + doing,2)agree,dare,decide,hope,determine,elect,choose,expect,fail,long, manage,offer,plan,pretend,promise,refuse,wish + to do,4、有些及物动词可接动名词和不定式，但意义不同。,remember forget regret,stop go on,try mean,need want require,1. Rather than _ on a crowded bus, he
10、always prefers _ a bicycle. A. ride ride B. riding ride C. ride to ride D. to ride riding,注意 prefer 的几个常用句型： prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. prefer doing sth. to doing sth. prefer + n. to + n.,c,2. Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to _ some schools for poor children. A. set up B.
11、 setting up C. have set up D. having set up 3 . - How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers? - The key _ the problem is to meet the demand _ by the customers. A. to solving making B. to solving made C. to solve making D. to solve made,B,B,要特别注意 to 的词性，分析其为介词还是不定式。 a
12、dmit to，be accustomed to ， be used to ，stick to ， turn to，devote oneself to ，be devoted to，look forward to，pay attention to, get down to 等,（三）非谓语动词作表语的区别： 1. 不定式作表语表示该动作发生在将来，故在表示“目的、愿望、梦想、需求”等名词作主语时其表语应该用不定式 2. 动名词作表语一般用来表示“身份、职业”等。 3. 分词作表语起到形容词的作用,eg. Our plan is to finish the work at once.,Her j
13、ob was looking after the pigs.,His report is interesting.,The cups are broken.,The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, _ it more difficult. A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make,B,动词不定式短语 to make life easier 及 not to make it more difficult 都作 purpose 的表语。非谓语动词作表语时要特
14、 别注意两个问题，一是并行结构问题，二是时间问题。,不定式作定语表示将来， 要后置； 现在分词作定语表动作正在发生，动名词作定语表其性能，用途； 过去分词作定语表动作发生过；,eg.a meeting to be held tomorrow,a meeting being held now,a meeting held yesterday,a sleeping car,a sleeping boy,a room to live in,a broken cup,（四）非谓语动词作定语的区别：,非谓语动词作定语时要注意以下区别： 不定式作定语时要注意以下一些固定结构： 在 time, chance
15、, right 等名词后； 在序数词后； 在 wish, need, demand, requirement 等词后。 B)表示被动意义的非谓语动词作定语时的用法： done 表示已经完成的动作 to be done 表示尚未开始的动作 being done 表示正在进行之中的动作,高考题点击： 1. The flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt,该题的谓语动词是 att
16、ract，“闻起来很香”用来作定语修饰 主语 flowers。,B,2. The picture _ on the wall is painted by my nephew. A. having hung B. hanging C. hangs D. being hung 3. There are five pairs _, but Im at a loss which to buy. A. to be chosen B. to choose from C. to choose D. for choosing,B,B,hang 作及物动词用时表示人为的“挂”；作不及物动词用时 表示东西挂在某处的状态。本句中的 hang 为不及物动 词，所以用现在分词作定语。,动词不定式 to choos
