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1、Maritime Cargo Transportation,Chapter two,Maritime Cargo Transportation,charateristics of maritime shipping cargo types of maritime shipping maritime transport facility and infrastructure (vessels, channels and ports) maritime shipping services operation of maritime shipping,Transportation modes,tra
2、nsportation is defined as the movement of freight and passengers from one location to another. The freight system includes several distinct forms of transportation, called modes. The modes differ in terms of operating characteristics and capabilities, giving them comparative advantages and disadvant
3、ages.,Modes of transportation,Maritime (Ocean) Transportation Air Transportation Rail Transportation Road Transportation Pipeline Transportation Container Transportation International Multimode Transportation (IMT) Parcel Post Transportation,Performance Comparison for Selected Freight Modes,Barge,Ho
4、pper car,100 car train unit,Semi-trailer truck,1500 Tons 52,500 Bushels 453,600 Gallons,100 Tons 3,500 Bushels 30,240 Gallons,10,000 Tons 350,000 Bushels 3,024,000 Gallons,26 Tons; 910 Bushels 7,865 Gallons 9,000 for a tanker truck,124 tons,Capacity,5,57.7,Truck Equivalency,Vehicle,3.8,384.6,1,Post-
5、panamax containership,5,000 TEU,2,116,9,330,VLCC,300,000 tons 2 million barrels of oil,747-400F,Ocean Transportation,Advantages Large capacity Low cost Easy passage: not restricted by road or rails Disadvantages Slow Vulnerable to bad weather Less punctual,Cargo types,98% of world trade in volume te
6、rms conveyed by sea transport Bulk cargo 散货 Break-bulk cargo 杂货 Neo-bulk cargo 件装货 Containerized cargo 集装箱货,Bulk cargo (散货）,Bulk cargo is commodity cargo that is transported unpackaged in large quantities. Dry bulk cargo such as coal, grain, iron, cement Liquid bulk cargo such as petroleum, liquefie
7、d natural gas (LNG) Move in big quantities Many of them are unprocessed raw material with low value per unit weight requires special vessels with the right equipment to load and discharge the cargo this cargo generally has a single origin, destination and client,Ton-km Shipped by Maritime Transporta
8、tion (in billions),break bulk cargo ( general cargo),goods that is packed individually, and to be loaded and unloaded on a piece-by-piece or palletized basis Generally has high value per unit weight Move in smaller quantities This cargo tends to have numerous origins, destinations and clients. Befor
9、e containerization, economies of scale were difficult to achieve with break-bulk cargo as the loading and unloading process was very labor and time consuming.,Neo-bulk cargo 件装货,Uniformly packaged goods, such as automobiles and logs, which store as solidly as bulk, but that are handled as general ca
10、rgo.,Containerized cargo,Generally high value cargo that need extra protection However, the ranges of containerized cargo is expending ,Container for bulk cargo,Cargo, Trade and Ship Characteristics,Maritime transport facility and infrastructure,vessels channels ports,Vessel types (by function ),Con
11、tainer vessels 集装箱船 p267 Ro/ Ro vessels 滚装船 Break-bulk vessels 杂货船 Combination vessels 多用途船 LASH (Lighter Aboard Ship)载驳船 Oil tankers 油船 Bulk/ Ore vessels 散货船 Refrigerated ship冷藏船,Vessel types ( by size , in dead weight tons),Size of vessels -measured by Dead Weight Tonnage-D.W.T. 载重吨,D.W.T. is refe
12、rred to the carrying capacity in transportation. It refers to the amount of cargo that can be loaded on an empty ship without exceeding its operational design limits. It can be divided into 2 classes: gross D.W.T. and net D.W.T.,1)Gross Dead Weight Tonnage 总载重吨,1)Gross Dead Weight Tonnage 总载重吨 It re
13、fers to the maximum loaded weight that is restricted with the loaded line. It is the total of the weight of loaded cargoes, necessary fuel, freshwater and other spare material. Total loaded tonnage = full load displacement light displacement,2)Dead Weight Cargo Tonnage-D.W.C.T. 净载重吨 It refers to the
14、 maximum weight of loaded cargoes that a ship is capable of transporting. It is also called as loaded-cargo tonnage. It is the margin of the amount of necessary storage of fuel, freshwater and other spare material subtracted from the total of shipload.,Operating Costs of Panamax and Post-panamax Con
15、tainerships (in USD),Vessel types ( by size , in dead weight tons),Domains of Maritime Circulation,Channel length (in km),watch the vedio and find out how a port operates,Discharge 卸货 Container stacking area 集装箱堆场 Load sequense 装载顺序 Crane起重机, 吊车 Lorry 卡车，接驳车 Straddle carrier 跨车,Types of ocean transp
16、ortation,Private fleets 私营船队 Charter transportation 包船运输-shipload size shipper Liner transportation 班轮运输-less than ship load size shipper,Private fleets 私营船队,Private ships are ships that are owned or leased on a long-term basis by the firm moving the goods. Another element of interest in international shipping is that of ship registry. Although a ship might be owned by an American and ply a route between the U.S. and the Persian Gulf, it might be registered in and
