《2017年12月四六级阅读作文》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2017年12月四六级阅读作文（45页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、2017年12月四级阅读（第一套）Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.That people often experience trouble sleeping in a different bed in unfamiliar surrounding is a phenomenon known as the “first-night” effext. If a person stays in the same room the following night they tend to sleep mo
2、re soundly. Yuka Sasaki and her colleagues at Brown University set out to investigate the origins of this effect.Dr. Sasaki knew the first-night effect probably has something to do with how humans evolved. The puzzle was that benefit would be gained from it when performance might be affected the fol
3、lowing day. She also knew from previous work conducted on birds and dolphins that these animals put half of their brains to sleep at a time so that they can rest while remaining alert enough to avoid predators（捕食者）. This led her to wonder if people might be doing the same thing. To take a closer loo
4、k, her team studied 35 healthy people as they slept in the unfamiliar environment of the universitys Department of Psychological Sciences. The participants each slept in the department for two nights and were carefully monitored with techniques that looked at the activity pf their brains. Dr. Sasaki
5、 found, as expected, the participants slept less well on their first night than they did on their second, taking more than twice as long to fall asleep and sleeping less overall. During deep sleep, the participants brains behaved in a similar manner seen in birds and dolphins. On the first night onl
6、y, the left hemispheres（半球） of their brains did not sleep nearly as deeply as their right hemispheres did. Curious id the left hemispheres were indeed remaining awake to process information detected in the surrounding environment, Dr. Sasaki re-ran the experiment while presenting the sleeping partic
7、ipants with a mix of regularly timed beeps（蜂鸣声） of the same tone and irregular beeps of a different tone during the night. She worked out that, if the left hemisphere was staying alert to keep guard in a strange environment, then it would react to the irregular beeps by stirring people from sleep an
8、d would ignore the regularly timed ones. This is precisely what she found.46. What did researchers find puzzling about the first-night effect?A) To what extent it can trouble people. C) What circumstances may trigger it.B) What role it has played in evolution. D) In what way it can be beneficial.47.
9、 What do we learn about Dr. Yuka Sasaki doing her research?A) She found birds and dolphins remain alert while asleep.B) She found birds and dolphins sleep in much the same way.C) She got some idea from previous studies on birds and dolphins.D) She conducted studies on birds and dolphins sleeping pat
10、terns.48. What did Dr. Sasaki do when she first did her experiment?A) She monitored the brain activity of participants sleeping in a new environment.B) She recruited 35 participants from her Department of Psychological Sciences.C) She studied the differences between the two sides of participants bra
11、ins.D) She tested her findings about birds and dolphins on human subjects.49. What did Dr. Sasaki find about the participants in her experiment?A) She analyzed the negative effect of irregular tones on brains.B) She recorded participants adaptation to changed environment.C) She exposed her participa
12、nts to two different stimuli.D) She compared the responses of different participants.50. What did Dr. Sasaki find about the participants in her experiment?A) They tended to enjoy certain tones more than others.B) They tended to perceive irregular beeps as a threat.C) They felt sleepy when exposed to
13、 regular beeps.D) They differed in their tolerance of irregular tones.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Its time to reevaluate how women handle conflict at work. Being overworked or over-committed at home and on the job will not get you where you want to be in life. It
14、 will only slow you down and hinder your career goals. Did you know women are more likely than men to feel exhausted? Nearly twice as many women than men ages 18-44 reported feeling “very tired” or “exhausted”, according to a recent study. This may not be surprising given that this is the age range
15、when women have children. Its also the age range when many women are trying to balance careers and home. One reason women may feel exhausted is that they have a hard time saying “no.” Women want to be able to do it allvolunteer for school parties or cook delicious mealsand so their answer to any req
16、uest is often “Yes, I can.” Women struggle to say “no” in the workplace for similar reasons, including the desire to be liked by their colleagues. Unfortunately, this inability to say “no” may be hurting womens health as well as their career. At the workplace, men use conflict as a way to position themselves, while women often avoid conflict or strive to be the peacemaker, because they dont want
